View clinical trials related to Hyperglycemia.
Filter by:The purposes of the present study are to determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses, the satiety rate and the postprandial plasma concentrations of free fatty acids, triglycerides and satiety hormones after the ingestion of four types of breads: handcrafted bread made with wheat organic flour; handcrafted bread with wheat flour of large-scale retail distribution; handcrafted bread with organic einkorn flour and a commercial wheat bread.
Diabetes is classified as an impairment of the body's ability to control blood glucose levels. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia can give rise to macrovascular (i.e., heart disease and stroke) and microvasculature damage such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. These comorbidities may definitively reduce quality of life. Hypotheses to be tested: 1. The ingestion of amino acids L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine at a therapeutic dose prior to a glucose load will concurrently and independently improve glucose tolerance. 2. The ingestion of L-Isoleucine and L-Leucine separately or together will have a minimal effect on incretin responses of Glucagon-like peptide-1 and Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GLP-1, GIP).
Consumption of carbohydrate containing foods or sugary drinks brings about changes to the blood glucose levels. After a meal or drink, blood glucose rises until it reaches a peak concentration usually after 30 minutes. When the body senses the increase in blood glucose, a hormonal process involving insulin takes place to ensure that the glucose is taken up from the blood for storage and where it is needed for energy in the body. This process then brings about a decrease in the concentration of glucose until it reaches approximately the starting concentration. The original concentration of glucose is attained approximately 2 hours after eating or drinking a carbohydrate food or sugary drink respectively in healthy people. Different carbohydrates and sugary drinks have different effects on blood glucose response depending on the amount as well as the type of carbohydrate. Those that give rise to a high glucose response compared to a reference carbohydrate (usually glucose) are said to be high glycaemic index (GI) foods and those with a lower glucose response compared to a reference carbohydrate (usually glucose) are said to be low glycaemic index (GI) foods. Research has shown that diets that give rise to a high glucose response are associated with a number of abnormalities like increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome mostly comprises of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance which gives an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. It also gives rise to other conditions like high blood pressure (arterial hypertension), elevated blood insulin levels (hyper-insulinemia), elevated amounts of fat in the liver (fatty hepatosis) and elevated amounts of lipids in the blood (dyslipidemia). After type 2 diabetes become clinically apparent, the risk of cardiovascular disease also rises. Research has also shown that foods/drinks which raise blood glucose levels gradually (low GI) rather than rapidly (high GI) have health benefits which include reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Laboratory studies have shown that polyphenols found in fruits, vegetables and plant based foods have a positive effect on carbohydrate metabolism and can lower the blood glucose levels. This research will determine whether the presence of polyphenols in the diet has any lowering effect on the blood glucose levels and hence the glycaemic index of foods. This will be determined by asking volunteers to consume commercially available food supplements together with white bread and then determining the glycaemic response. The blood glucose response of bread will be determined initially as a control reference. All will be consumed in random order. Analysis will be done by measuring blood glucose response after consumption of the control reference meal and the test meal containing polyphenols and then determining the incremental area under the glucose curve.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether drinks containing Salvia hispanica L (Salba) or Flax lower postprandial blood glucose levels and improve appetite in healthy individuals.
The project is a randomized, 3-way, blinded crossover trial in which 20 healthy, fasted participants consume meals with 30 g of a linear corn starch and 5 g of one of the seaweeds, Laminara digitata or Undaria pinnatifida or a pea protein control. The primary aim is to investigate whether the brown seaweeds affect the postprandial glucose Area Under the Curve (AUC). Stomach emptying, insulin, C-peptide, appetite-regulating hormones (oxyntomodulin, glucagon, GLP-1 and PYY), and specific metabolites from the seaweeds in the urine and plasma as well as subjective satiety are also analyzed.
Hyperglycemia is common during acute ischemic stroke. However, the optimal strategy to control hyperglycemia during acute ischemic stroke has not been established. The object of this multicenter randomized controlled study is to determine the efficacy and safety of early initiation of subcutaneous once-daily insulin glargine, in comparison with regular insulin, based on a protocolized sliding scale regimen to achieve proper sugar control in acute stroke patients with hyperglycemia admitted to the intensive care unit.
In this randomized, double-blind clinical trial, eligible hospitalized ICU patients with EN will be included. Patients will be divided into two groups. The control group with the standard EN and intervention group with high fat EN. 50% of the total fat will be provided by olive oil. Nutritional intake record form will be completed and daily calorie intake will be calculated. High fat EN feeding will be offered for 15 consecutive days maximally. At the end of the study mean blood glucose, duration of hospitalization and rate of infection will be compared in two groups.
The investigators aim to study the impact of a strategy of a intensive glycemic control in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether treatment with sitagliptin reduces the frequency and severity of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) after cardiac surgery and to determine whether treatment with sitagliptin is effective in maintaining blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Physical activity performed in the postprandial state has the ability to blunt postprandial glycemia acutely, even as a result of very light or small amounts of postprandial physical activity. Postprandial physical activity decreases postprandial glycemia more effectively than activity performed in the post-absorptive state. However, studies comparing postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity have measured glycemic outcomes in only short periods of time (hours) or have used a very large dose of physical activity. Physical activity have the ability to entail an acute increase in markers of systemic inflammation.Previous studies has also shown that systemic inflammation is increased during glycemic spikes, such as after a high carbohydrate load. Therefore the effect of postprandial physical activity is difficult to predict. One one hand it might increase markers of systemic inflammation. On the other hand it might decrease systemic inflammation as a result of a blunting effect on postprandial glycemia. The effect of physical activity after carbohydrate intake might therefore also differ from postabsorptive physical activity. Purpose of the study: I) The investigators hypothesized that light physical activity performed in the post-prandial sate decrease blood glucose in a day and night cycle compared to the same activity performed in the postabsorptive state and a control day. II) To test whether postabsorptive and postprandial light physical activity do affect markers of systemic inflammation different. 12 participants diagnosed with hyperglycemia but not on hypoglycemic medication took part in a randomized cross-over trial with 3 test days. A control day with no physical activity, and two days similar to the control day except that one of them contained a one hour bout of treadmill walking prior to breakfast and the other a similar exercise bout after breakfast. Continuous glucose monitoring was performed from start of exercise / breakfast until the morning next day (at least 22 hours). Venous blood was also sampled at given timepoints (before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast. Dietary intake was individually standardized prior to and during test days.