View clinical trials related to HPV Infection.
Filter by:The research project applies the protocol of the World Health Organisation for screening of cervical cancer, with testing of hrHPV as first screening, followed by Visual Inspection of the cervix with Acetic Acid for hrHPV-positive women and for women with minor lesions thermo-ablation of affected areas. This procedure is applied in Uganda, India and Bangladesh. In Slovakia hrHPV-positive women are offered Pap-smear and for women with Pap IV lis excision.
A 3-dose HPV vaccination scheme has shown to be safe and immunogenic in people living with HIV (PLWH), although evidence on 1-dose, which is important to improve coverage, is scarce. Available HPV vaccines only prevent new infections. Since a large fraction of WLWH is already infected with HPV (>50%), vaccines' efficacy to prevent HPV infections (and therefore cervical disease) in this population is limited. Current WHO cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend treatment of the transformation zone (TZ) of WLWH who harbor HPV infections either at initial screening or one year later. Therefore, HPV vaccination at the time of the screening may improve vaccines efficacy conferring protection to newly growing cells of the treated TZ against HPV infections/re-infections. Consequently, a dual-intervention of HPV vaccination and HPV-based cervical screening in WLWH may alleviate the burden of HPV-related disease by improving HPV vaccination efficacy while extending cervical screening intervals. Nevertheless, implementing the dual-intervention may be challenging particularly in some contexts without well-established cervical cancer screening such as sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. However, in these countries, at least 60% of PLWH regularly attend ARV clinics to be monitored and receive ARV treatment (cART). Therefore, integrating the dual-intervention into ARV clinics seems to be an efficient approach to reduce loss to follow-up while improving overall coverages of HPV vaccination and cervical screening. Such integration may also facilitate the implementation of a platform for the delivery of other HPV-related preventive measures such as HPV therapeutic vaccines. Nevertheless, little is known about the efficacy of HPV vaccination in WLWH to prevent HPV infections and HPV-related diseases, especially in young adults. Moreover, evidence on how best to conduct cervical cancer prevention, particularly recently released WHO guidelines, through ARV clinics is limited. Therefore, IARC/WHO in collaboration with HRP/WHO and colleagues in SSA proposes to conduct a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial (H2VICTORY) to evaluate the effectiveness of the dual-intervention of HPV vaccination and HPV-based cervical screening to reduce HPV infections (and therefore, the risk of cervical cancer) in WLWH aged 25-35 years while conducting implementation research to identify facilitators and barriers for adoption and sustainability of proven evidence-based cervical cancer prevention approaches integrated into ARV clinics across sub-Saharan Africa.
Vaginal infections demonstrated to be implicated in the persistence of HPV, activating a vicious circle of vaginal microbial perturbations. HPV infection can destroy the biofilm barrier formed by the local vaginal immune microenvironment, leading to a condition called dysbiosis. Contemporarily, the resulting local microecological imbalance in the vagina can subsequently upregulate the expression of the HPV protein, increasing HPV-related cytological alterations.
Despite declining mortality in high-income countries, cervical cancer continues to be a public health problem in low and middle -income countries. HPV tests have shown a better sensibility and a higher capacity of reducing mortality than cytology based-screening. Greater participation has been demonstrated with the use of HPV self-testing when it is offered to women with a poor screening history; however, it is not clear whether getting tested necessarily translates into a greater adherence to the entire clinical protocol, including diagnosis and treatment of precancerous lesions. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the self-testing techniques on the participation and adherence of women to cervical cancer screening.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has become one of the most important health problems faced by women all over the world. A large number of studies have shown that women's cervical, vaginal and perianal precancerous lesions, related cancers, condyloma acuminatum and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are closely related to HPV infection. Among them, the persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is closely related to the occurrence of invasive cervical cancer. Previous studies have shown that there are significant differences in the effects of multiple HPV infection and persistent infection of different types (such as type-16, -18, -39 and -52) on different levels of cervical lesions, and there is a certain correlation between HPV load in the process of persistent infection and the degree of cervical lesions. In addition, other studies have shown that HPV-16 viral load has certain clinical significance in predicting Cin2 / CIN3 high-grade cervical lesions, and HPV viral load level is significantly different in cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). The above biological changes such as HPV infection type, quantity and proportion can promote the occurrence and development of cervical precancerous lesions and related cancers to varying degrees. It can be seen that the study of the relationship between HPV viral load and cervical lesions is of great significance for clinical disease development prediction and cervical cancer screening.
There are different microbial communities on the surface of human body (skin, hair, nails, etc.) and in the cavity connected with the outside world. The human microbiota is the general term of the genetic information of microorganisms that coexist with human beings and cause various diseases under certain conditions. The results of human microbial genome analysis show that the microbial communities in different parts of the human body and different individuals have amazing diversity, some of which play an important role in human health, and some are closely related to diseases. Female lower genital tract infection is often associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and bacterial vaginosis (BV), such as cervical and vaginal precancerous lesions, cancer, condyloma acuminatum and other sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is closely related to the occurrence of invasive cervical cancer. New evidence suggests that vaginal microbiota composition is different in women with HR-HPV infection and high-grade cervical lesions. The increase of the severity of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia is related to the decrease of the relative abundance of vaginal Lactobacillus. In addition to vaginal microbes, the powerful intestinal flora is considered to be the "invisible organ" of the human body. There is a dynamic and balanced interaction network between intestinal microorganisms and human immune cells. Once the intestinal flora is out of balance, the changes in species, quantity, proportion, location and biological characteristics will cause a series of inflammatory reactions and immune system diseases, and even lead to cancer. Some studies have shown that there is a potential relationship between intestinal microorganisms and vaginal microorganisms. Recent research evidence suggests that the mutually beneficial relationship between oral bacteria and other vaginal bacteria supports the colonization of pathogens and may help maintain the characteristics of vaginal flora imbalance.
The Pocket colposcope has 510k FDA clearance and has been successfully used in almost 1500 unique patients globally in Duke and non-Duke protocols to date. 400 women who are HPV-positive and planned to undergo treatment at 6 Ministry of Health-supported outpatient clinics in Kisumu County will be recruited to the study. After providing informed consent, participants will be randomized 1:1 to either standard-of-care visual inspection or colposcopy with the Pocket Colposcope
This is a multi-site, open-label non-inferiority study of the 9vHPV vaccine among a population of children, adolescents and young women living with HIV in Eswatini. This protocol seeks to assess immunogenicity of a two-dose 9vHPV vaccine regimen among girls and boys (9-14 years) and young women (15-26 years) living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy versus a three-dose 9vHPV vaccine regimen among HIV uninfected young women (15-26 years) in Eswatini. The secondary objectives include examining the safety profiles of the two-dose 9vHPV regimen in those living with HIV and the three-dose 9vHPV regimen in HIV-uninfected young women, as well as measuring the completion of the vaccination series among those living with HIV and those who are not infected with HIV.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of three consecutive lots of bivalent HPV (Type 16,18) vaccine (Pichia pastoris) in healthy female subjects aged 9 - 30 years, and demonstrate the non-inferiority of the candidate HPV vaccine manufactured at commercial scale compared with a pilot scale.
Add-Vacc is an unblinded cluster-randomised trial (CRT) with two arms: (i) the national HPV vaccination programme (girls aged ~14 years, control arm) and (ii) the national programme plus single-dose male HPV vaccination given to a multi-year cohort of boys (intervention arm). The CRT will be conducted in 26 communities/clusters (13 per arm) in northern Tanzania. Boys aged 14 to 18 years in the intervention arm will receive one dose of the 4-valent HPV vaccine (Gardasil®) that protects against HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. Population genital HPV prevalence in 18 to 21-year-olds will be compared between intervention clusters (female and male vaccination) and control clusters (female vaccination only) at 3 years after the intervention. Blood sampling for immune responses and adverse event data collection will be performed in a subset of 200 male subjects in selected intervention clusters.