View clinical trials related to HIV.
Filter by:This is an observational, 48-week, prospective study of PWH treated with TAF in which the investigators will compare TFV-DP concentrations in DBS in virologically suppressed vs. non-suppressed individuals and evaluate the utility of TFV-DP in DBS to predict future viremia. To accomplish this, the investigators will approach PWH currently taking TAF (which is being prescribed by a primary care physician) and who present to the clinic for regular HIV care and HIV VL assessment. Participants will complete up to 3 visits (at least 2 weeks apart) during the 48-week study follow-up period.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, a pathogen that works by attacking the human immune system. It belongs to a class of viruses called retroviruses and more specifically, a subgroup called lentiviruses, or viruses that cause disease slowly. In 2020, there were about 37.7 million people living with HIV. Only 84% of all people living with HIV knew their HIV status in 2020, with 680 000 people died from AIDS-related illnesses in 2020 . HIV cannot replicate on its own, so in order to make new copies of itself, it must infect cells of the human immune system, called CD4 cells. . CD4 cells are white blood cells that play a central role in responding to infections in the body. Over time, CD4 cells are killed by HIV and the body's ability to recognise and fight some types of infection begins to decline If HIV is not controlled by treatment, the loss of CD4 cells leads to the development of serious illnesses, or 'opportunistic infections'. In people with normal CD4 cell levels, these infections would be recognised and cleared by the immune system. Experiencing a collection of these infections is the most advanced stage of HIV, which is when a person is also said to have AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Effective testing and treatment of HIV means that the large majority of people living with HIV do not reach this stage. Stages of HIV : An initial acute infection; (ii) a long asymptomatic period; and (iii) a final increase in viral load with a simultaneous collapse in healthy CD4+ T cell count during which AIDS appears During the acute infection period (2-10 weeks) there is a sharp drop in the concentration of circulating CD4+ T cells, and a large spike in the level of circulating free virus. Clinically the patient suffers from infectious mononucleosis-like systemic illness with fever, diarrhoea, often a transient meningo-encephalitis and even lung pneumocystosis .After this period, the level of circulating CD4+ T cells returns to ''near-normal'' levels, and the viral load drops dramatically. In this asymptomatic or latent period, the patient does not exhibit any major symptoms of disease, even though HIV is continuously infecting new cells and actively replicating. Normally this latent period ranges in duration from 7 to 10 years, Following this asymptomatic period, the viral load rises rapidly with a simultaneous drop in CD4+ T cell count. This last stage is called AIDS, and is defined by situations where CD4+ T cell counts are below 200 cells/mm3 or when certain opportunistic infections are experience Treatment for HIV Antiretroviral medicines are used to treat HIV. They work by stopping the virus replicating in the body, allowing the immune system to repair itself and preventing further damage. These come in the form of tablets, which need to be taken every day. HIV is able to develop resistance to a single HIV medicine very easily, but taking a combination of different medicines makes this much less likely. Most people with HIV take a combination of medicines. It's vital these are taken every day as recommended by your doctor. The goal of HIV treatment is to have an undetectable viral load. This means the level of HIV virus in your body is low enough to not be detected by a test. Quality of life of HIV infected patients: Quality of life has been considered synonymous with health status, functional status, psychological wellbeing, happiness with life, satisfaction of needs, and assessment of one's own life . Assessment of quality of life has become an important outcome measure in the management of HIV/AIDS and reflects improvement or otherwise of the health experience and satisfaction with care among patients living with HIV/AIDS
To reach HIV-uninfected pregnant and breastfeeding women in South Africa, who are at very high risk of HIV, researchers will test a new and innovative package of interventions: 1) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which is a daily antiretroviral pill that is both safe and effective for preventing HIV in pregnant and breastfeeding mothers and 2)) enhanced adherence counseling combined with differentiated deliver of community PrEP delivery for women who have difficulties with regular PrEP use. Our study will be among the first ever to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a PrEP intervention among pregnant and postpartum women and will play a key role in informing maternal PrEP interventions to eliminate HIV acquisition and transmission to partners and their infants.
This study addresses HIV prevention and treatment for young couples living in Cape Town, South Africa, through a comprehensive biobehavioral multilevel approach-the Couples Health CoOp Plus (CHC+). Through a cluster randomized trial with a modified factorial design, 24 Cape Town communities consisting of catchment areas for clinics that provide antiretroviral therapy (ART) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), will receive either a stigma awareness and education workshop or no workshop with repeated measures. Within clinic catchment areas, 480 couples (young women and their primary male sex partners both aged 18 to 30) will be recruited. These couples will receive HIV testing services (HTS) and/or the Couples Health CoOp Plus (CHC+), depending on their intervention arm. The overarching aim of these interventions is to prevent new cases of HIV. It is hypothesized that communities that are assigned to the stigma awareness and education workshop will demonstrate higher levels of social acceptance and fewer cases of enacted/experienced stigma at the community level. Additionally, it is expected couples assigned to the Couples Health CoOp Plus (CHC+) intervention will have greater antiretroviral therapy (ART)/pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation and adherence, lower alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, less sexual risk, less gender-based violence (GBV), and more positive gender norms and communication. Specifically, the study aims to: Aim 1: Modify the Couples Health CoOp (CHC) intervention to include antiretroviral therapy (ART)/pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a formative phase and with review from the Community Collaborative Board (CCB) and Peer Advisory Board (PAB). Aim 2: Evaluate the impact of a stigma awareness and education workshop on community members' attitudes and behaviors toward young women and men who use AODs and other people seeking HIV services (testing/ART/PrEP) and other health services at 4- and 8-month follow-up. Aim 3: Test the efficacy of the Couples Health CoOp Plus (CHC+) to increase both partners' antiretroviral therapy (ART)/pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) initiation and adherence (primary outcome) and reduce alcohol and other drug (AOD) use, sexual risk and gender-based violence (GBV), and enhance positive gender norms and communication relative to HIV testing services (HTS) (secondary outcomes). Aim 4: Examine through mixed methods the interaction of a stigma awareness and education workshop and the Couples Health CoOp Plus (CHC+) on increased antiretroviral therapy (ART)/pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and initiation, retention, and adherence among young women and their primary partners.
Stigma prevents young transgender women from having access to HIV prevention and care services, despite the fact that these services are freely accessible to all Brazilians in the Unified Health System (ie, SUS). Levels of HIV testing and access to care for young people are uneven. The purpose of this proposal is to generate data to address stigma in the public health system and intervene to overcome the challenges of youth with the navigation of health systems. The Brilhar e Transcender (BeT) study will include young trans women, aged 18 to 24, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The BeT intervention has been found to be preliminarily efficacious in a pilot study. This proposal is for a study to test the effectiveness of an intervention to improve HIV prevention and care engagement among young trans women (N=150) at risk of HIV in Brazil.
To demonstrate whether four sessions of TBS improves attentional bias and craving in PLWHA smokers compared to four sessions of sham stimulation. We hypothesize 4 sessions of TBS to the left DLPFC will significantly improve attentional bias and craving for smoking cues compared to neutral cues in a population of subjects who are smokers with HIV/AIDS compared to sham stimulation.
This is an open label, randomised, two-arm switch study over 48 weeks in which virally suppressed participants on a stable combined ART regimen will be randomised (1:1) to an immediate switch to 3TC/TDF/DOR (immediate switch arm, N=30) for the duration of the 48-week study, or to maintaining their current cART followed by a switch to 3TC/TDF/DOR from week 24-48 (delayed switch arm, N=30). Participants will be monitored for the length of the study (48 weeks) plus a 30-day follow-up period. If patients withdraw or are withdrawn from the study treatment prematurely, an early termination visit (ETV) should occur within 30 days post withdrawal. The hypothesis of the study is that a switch to Delstrigo, which is a combination of tenofovir disoproxil, lamivudine and doravirine (TDF/3TC/DOR) has a favourable impact on lipid metabolism, glucose, weight, body composition and hepatic steatosis.
Investigators are adapting the LIFT and REFLECT interventions for older adults living with HIV who have been exposed to childhood sexual abuse.
Use of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention to provide reproductive life counseling to women living with HIV may improve delivery of integrated reproductive health/HIV services and prevent adverse reproductive health outcomes. The proposed study will evaluate SMS platform and reproductive health counseling intervention in a cluster randomized controlled trial among women receiving routine HIV care, and plan for future implementation with qualitative and health economic analyses.
Primary Objective: - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on infectious morbidity and growth while it is in place from 4 to 24 weeks of age. - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on infectious morbidity and growth from 4 to 48 weeks of age. Secondary Objectives: - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on growth from 4 to 72 weeks of age. - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on infant neurodevelopment at 48 and 72 weeks of age. - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on biological measurements while it is in place from 4 to 24 weeks of age. - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on biological measurements from 4 to 48 weeks of age. - To evaluate the effects of synbiotics on gut microbiome and fecal short chain fatty acids from 4 to 72 weeks of age. - To investigate feasibility, acceptance, tolerability, and behavioral adherence with the intervention. - To investigate whether the synbiotics reduces infectious morbidity and improves growth in CHEU relative to CHUU. - To investigate whether infant gut microbiota composition, maturity and function, and markers of inflammation and HMOs at baseline and over time are associated with morbidity and poor growth in CHEU and CHUU.