View clinical trials related to Helminthiasis.
Filter by:About 2 billion people worldwide are infected with tuberculosis (TB). Ninety percent of those people have latent TB infection (LTBI). Risk factors like malnutrition, diabetes mellitus (DM), and helminth infection can affect the development of active TB. Researchers want to study LTBI individuals with these issues to see how they may contribute to a person s higher risk for developing active TB. This study will take place in Chennai, India. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of malnutrition, DM, and helminth infections in people with LTBI. Eligibility: People age 14 65 with or without LTBI. Design: Participants will be screened with a medical history and physical exam focused on symptoms of active TB. Those who have TB symptoms will not take part in the study. Those who do not have TB symptoms will have a physical exam with vital signs, height, and weight. They will give blood and stool samples. Participants will be assigned to 1 of 6 groups. They will repeat some of the screening tests. They will give urine samples. Some groups will have a chest X-ray. Some groups will have an ultrasound of the abdomen. Participants will complete a survey about their history of smoking and drug and alcohol use. Participants will have data collected about their nutritional status and body composition. Their skinfold thickness, ratio of waist/hip circumference, and grip strength will be measured. Participants with DM, malnutrition, or helminth infection will be given standard of care or referred for follow-up treatment. Participation will last up to 6 months. ...
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, or hookworm, affect approximately 1.5 millions individuals primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. STHs infections have been associated with delay in growth and development in children. The prevalence in Indonesia varied from 45% to 65%, but in poor sanitation areas the prevalence can increased to 80%. World Health Organization currently recommends mass treatment with benzimidazoles and health hygiene education to control the disease. In this study we evaluated the effectiveness of single and four-monthly health hygiene education to STH reinfection rates among school-aged children in Mandailing Natal district, North Sumatera province, Indonesia.
The proposed work is based on the finding that one-third of the world is infected with the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and only 10% of these individuals develop TB. The study aims to identify factors that drive progression to disease and study signals (markers of the immune response) that detect who will progress to active TB and why this happens. Armed with these markers, the study will address how malnutrition and worms alter this signal profile to cause active TB. The work will be conducted in India, where there are 2.8 million TB cases each year - more than any other country - and where the government has committed to eliminating TB by 2035. Data suggest that malnutrition and parasites increase risk of TB disease so the investigators will feed malnourished household contacts and have those with parasites receive medication to treat these. Using this infrastructure, the investigators will evaluate the immunologic impact of feeding on TB pathogenesis. An additional aim is to understand the role of parasitic worms with the goal of determining the utility of low-cost ($.02 per dose) worm treatment as part of TB control efforts. Risk of developing TB will be evaluated for 120 household contacts of TB patients in the setting of their malnutrition and parasites. There are four study arms comprised of thirty participants each -- malnourished with parasite infection, malnourished with no parasite infection, well-nourished with parasite infection, and well-nourished with no parasite infection. Correlates of risk of disease will be assessed using blood messenger RNA/micro RNA (mRNA/miRNA) sequencing and T cell immune markers. The TB LION study will confirm that malnutrition and worms increase the risk of active TB and will provide the basis for effective interventions that could change the face of the TB pandemic and have a profound impact on the health of people worldwide. Participants in this study will be household contacts of tuberculosis index cases. The index cases in this study do not participate in the study once a household contact is established. All interventions and follow up are only being conducted within the household contact cohort. All intervention supplies, treatments, and biologics will be purchased internationally.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown etiology. UC is characterized by recurring episodes of inflammation limited to mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon. The object of the present study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal protozoa and helminthes in UC patients, and the role of this changes in aetiopathogenesis of diseases. Patients will be examined before and after therapy. Parasites and protozoa prevalence and intensity will be detected by triple coproscopy.Microbiological study will be conducted before therapy for detection pathogenic bacteria only from UC patients infected with B. hominis . If intestinal pathogenic bacteria are found, participants will be excluded from further investigation.
Over 1.5 billion people are infected with soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Global STH guidelines recommend MDA (mass drug administration) of albendazole or mebendazole to targeted populations, including pre-school age children and school-age children. However mathematical models suggests that current MDA strategies are not sufficient for interrupting disease transmission in most areas. Meanwhile many lymphatic filariasis (LF) programs have successfully treated entire populations with albendazole (in combination with ivermectin or diethylcarbamazine) and are transitioning to a state of post-MDA surveillance. This project will conduct a series of community-based cluster randomized trials in India, Malawi, and Benin to determine if maintaining three years of MDA with albendazole to entire communities following the cessation of LF programs can interrupt STH transmission in focal geographic areas. Additionally, this study aims to compare the efficacy of community-wide MDA versus targeted MDA of children in interrupting the transmission of STH. Nested implementation science research will be used to optimize the intervention, identify contextual factors influencing trial efficacy, and evaluate the feasibility of sustaining and scaling community-wide MDA for STH. These data will provide evidence necessary to inform future guidelines, policies, and operational plans as country partners engage in intensified approaches to eliminate these disabling diseases.
This is a matched-cohort study designed to assess the health impact of a rural demand-driven water and sanitation intervention that provides piped treated water and household level pour-flush latrines and bathing rooms, as implemented by Gram Vikas.