View clinical trials related to Helminthiasis.
Filter by:The prevalence of intestinal helminths is worldwide. This study will evaluate the tolerability of a novel food product consumed by adults residing in an area endemic for helminths.
The study is a cluster-randomized, controlled trial conducted among 100 villages (including approximately 3500 households and 20,000 people) in Puri district, State of Orissa, India. The study aims to assess the impact of the construction and use of latrines in rural settings on diarrhoeal disease, helminth infections and nutritional status. The study will also report on the cost and cost-effectiveness of the intervention and its impact on lost days at school and work as well as on expenditures on drugs and medical treatment. The study will document how the intervention actually impacts exposure to human excreta along principal transmission pathways by evaluating the impact on (i) faecal contamination of drinking water, (ii) the presence of mechanical vectors (flies) in food preparation areas, and (iii) the presence of faeces in and around participating households and villages. The study will also explore the extent to which different levels of acquisition and use of on-site sanitation among householders impact disease throughout the community.
Albendazole is a main anti-helminth, however there is a lack of data regarding its efficacy in the school children population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the albendazole one versus two and three doses, in school children infected with intestinal helminth.
To efficiently control soil-transmitted helminths (Ascaris, Trichuris, and hookworm), WHO, PAHO, and others recommend the inclusion of an education strategy in school-based deworming programs. However, the effectiveness of such a strategy on the rate of STH re-infection and on education indicators, such as absenteeism, remains to be fully understood. The proposed research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a post-deworming education intervention targeted to Grade 5 school children enrolled in Belén's schools using a cluster-randomized trial design. Results will be used to inform school-based deworming programs in Peru and other similar endemic areas in Latin America and, indeed, around the world.
This study focuses on one of the major health issues of Sub-Saharan Africa: multi-parasitism and co-infections. In particular this study aims to elucidate the interaction of helminths with HIV. There is good reason to suspect a detrimental effect of helminth infection on the course of HIV infection. We hypothesize, that treatment of helminths in HIV- and helminth co-infected individuals leads to a reduction of HIV viral load. With a lower HIV RNA level one would expect a slower decline of CD4 cells and hence also a slower progression of the disease. Ideally this would lead to a prolongation of the chronic phase of HIV infection and to a delay in the time when anti-retroviral treatment needs to be started.
Abstract: Over 25 million HIV-1 infected individuals are currently living in Africa and as many as 50-90% may be co-infected with soil transmitted helminths such as roundworms, hookworms or whipworms. Helminth infection in HIV-1-infected individuals may increase HIV-1 RNA levels and increase the rate of progression of HIV-1 to AIDS. Studies have also shown that successful treatment of helminth co-infection (as documented by clearance of helminth eggs in stool) led to a significant decrease in HIV-1 plasma viral load (-0.36 log10). This change in viral load was significantly greater than that seen in those individuals without documented clearance of their helminth co-infection (+0.67 log10) (p=0.04). Studies conducted in Africa have shown an estimated 2.5-fold increased risk for sexual transmission of the HIV-1 for each log increase in plasma HIV-1 viral load. In addition to direct effects on plasma viral load, the rate of CD4 cell decline in helminth infected individuals may be directly impacted by the significant immune activation seen with such co-infection. The investigators propose a randomized controlled trial examining the potential benefits of routine empiric helminth eradication in HIV-1 infected adults who do not yet qualify for antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in Kenya. The current standard of care of symptomatic diagnosis and treatment will be compared to a systematic empiric scheduled de-worming program for HIV infected adults. The investigators will compare markers of disease progression including rate of CD4 decline and changes in HIV-1 RNA levels between the two treatment arms.
The purpose of this project is to investigate the efficacy of early, empiric anti-helminthic therapy combined with standard pentavalent antimony in the treatment of subjects co-infected with helminths and cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. brasiliensis. The study hypothesis is that early intervention with antihelminthic therapy will improve response rates to antimony in subjects with cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminhtiasis occur throughout the developing world and are most prevalent in the poorest communitites. These worms have been linked to several nutritional and intellectual deficiencies in many endemic populations worldwide. Helminth control, though crucial has been neglected for varied reasons. Currently, interests towards the control of neglected diseases including schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths has been revived through many interventions including repeated chemotherapy to help improve public health outcomes and prevent long term morbidity. This will contribute to achieving several of the Millennium Development Goals at a favourable cost. A community-directed treatment of human schistosomiasis and STH in school-aged children in rural notrhern Ghana using praziquantel and albendazole is proposed. It is planned to test the hypothesis that community-based volunteers are non-inferior and more cost effective than rural school teachers at reaching school-aged children.
Current efforts to control schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthes infections focus on the school-age population, and school-based treatment delivery programs offer a major cost advantages because of the use of the existing school infrastructure and the fact that schoolchildren are accessible through schools. However, in many developing countries, large numbers of school-age children are not in school and this has raised questions about the effectiveness of school-based programs in reaching non-enrolled children. Increasingly, the non-formal education sector is providing a growing solution to the problem of poor enrolment in basic education, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, and has recently been used to deliver praziquantel as part of a national schistosomiasis control program in Uganda. However, it is unclear how effective this program has been in reaching children who attend non-formal schools and whether the program has been reaching children from the poorest households.
Background. More than a third of the world’s population is infected with intestinal nematodes. A majority of these infections occur in children. Current control approaches emphasise treatment of school age children, and there is a lack of information on the effects of deworming preschool childrenSetting: Within the Integrated Child Development System (ICDS) infrastructure in urban Lucknow (UP), IndiaDesign: Open Labeled randomised trialHypothesis: Our study hypothesis was that albendazole administration six monthly, as a single 400 mg dose in syrup, by the existing health care delivery system would be a practicable way to achieve mass deworming of preschool children and this might result in an improvement in weight gain of preschool childrenIntervention One group will receive usual health care by the existing health care staff, which included six monthly administration of Vitamin A concentrate. The other group will receive, in addition, 400 mg of albendazole (Zentel, Smith Kline & Beecham) in 10 ml syrup form. Five such doses will be given at six monthly intervals for 2 years.Main objective: To assess the impact of 6 monthly deworming on weight and height gain at the end of 2 years in children aged 1 to 5 years of age Main outcomes measures: Weight gain in 2 yearsInclusion criteria: Children 1 to 5 years, whose guardians give written informed consent. Exclusion criteria: Those not consentingSample size: Sample size was calculated for a continuous outcome. For a standardized effect size of 0.1, with a power of 80% and an alpha level of 0.05, using a 2-tailed t test, taking into account design effect, about 2000 children will be included in each arm.