View clinical trials related to Helminthiasis.
Filter by:Evaluation of the bioavailability and safety of one oral preparation containing fixed dose 18 mg ivermectin (IVM 18 MG TABLETS, LICONSA S.A., Spain) or two oral preparations containing fixed dose 18 mg ivermectin (IVM 36 MG TABLETS, LICONSA S.A., Spain) vs. reference dosing (weight based) of reference drug containing 6 mg ivermectin (REVECTINA®, Abbott Laboratórios do Brasil Ltda, Brazil) in fasting conditions. A monocentric, open, randomized, single dose, three-period crossover trial in healthy volunteers.
Mucosal immunology during helminth infection
The Global Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) has been in operation sing the year 2000, with the aim of eliminating the disease by the year 2020, following 5-6 rounds of effective annual Mass Drug Administration (MDA). The treatment regimen is Ivermectin (IVM) in combination with Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) or Albendazole (ALB). In Ghana, MDA has been undertaken since 2001. While the disease has been eliminated in many areas, transmission has persisted in some implementation units that had experienced 15 or more rounds of MDA. Alternative intervention strategies, including twice yearly MDA and sleeping under insecticidal nets have significantly accelerated transmission interruption in some settings of high transmission intensity. Thus, it is evident that new intervention strategies could eliminate residual infection in areas of persistent transmission and speed up the LF elimination process. This study therefore seeks to test the hypothesis that biannual treatment of LF endemic communities will accelerate interruption of LF transmission. Two cluster randomized trials will be implemented in LF endemic communities in Ghana. The interventions will be yearly or twice-yearly MDA delivered to entire endemic communities. Allocation to study group will be by clusters identified using the prevalence of LF. Clusters will be randomised to one of two groups: receiving either (1) annual treatment with IVM+ALB; (2) annual MDA with IVM +ALB, followed by an additional MDA 6 months later. The primary outcome measure is the prevalence of LF infection, assessed by four cross-sectional surveys. Entomological assessments will also be undertaken to evaluate the transmission intensity of the disease in the study clusters. Costs and cost-effectiveness will be evaluated. Among a random subsample of participants, microfilaria prevalence will be assessed longitudinally. A nested process evaluation, using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and a stakeholder analysis, will investigate the community acceptability, feasibility and scale-up of each delivery system.
This Phase I study is an open label multiple ascending dose evaluation of the safety and PK of oxfendazole (3, 7.5, or 15 mg/kg) given orally daily to healthy adult men and nonpregnant women aged 18-45 followed by a single dose cross over trial evaluating the safety and pharmacokinetics of a single dose of oxfendazole (3 mg/kg) given following an 8 hour fast or following a high fat meal. The study duration will be approximately 12 months with each subject participation lasting approximately 6 weeks. In the multiple ascending dose evaluation, between 8 and 24 subjects will be enrolled; each dose group will be comprised of eight volunteers. To enhance safety, one sentinel subject will be dosed for five days and monitored for 7 days from the time of the first dose for predefined adverse events. If there are no predefined safety events, a second sentinel subject will be enrolled and followed for a total of 7 days. If there are no predefined safety signals identified for either of these two sentinel subjects, the remaining subjects in the group will be enrolled. After all eight subjects have completed the 10 day follow up period, an electronic safety review of the electronic data will be performed. If none of the predefined safety events have occurred DMID will approve enrollment into the second dose group (7.5 mg/kg oxfendazole daily x 5 days) and will be monitored for a total of 7 days each for predefined adverse events prior to enrolling the remaining subjects in the group. After the 10 day follow up period has been completed for group 2, an electronic safety review will be completed and if no predefined events have occurred two sequential subjects (one at a time with 7 days between each subject) will be enrolled into the third dose group (15 mg/kg oxfendazole daily x 5 days) and will be monitored for a total of 7 days each for predefined safety events prior to enrolling the remaining subjects in the group. In the food effects evaluation, 12 subjects will be enrolled into the single dose cross over group where half of the subjects will initially receive a single dose of 3 mg/kg of oxfendazole following an 8 hour fast and the other half will receive a single dose of 3 mg/kg of oxfendazole following a high fat meal. Subjects will then cross over to receive a single dose following a high fat breakfast or fasting period (water is permitted). All subjects will have received a dose of oxfendazole following both a fasting period and a meal. The primary objectives are: 1) To assess the safety of oxfendazole administered daily for five days; and 2) To assess the safety of oxfendazole administered as a single dose with or without food.
Intestinal parasites (IP) are among the world's neglected tropical diseases. Morbidity due to IPs is greatest in school-age children who typically have the highest burden of infection. In 2001, WHO passed a resolution for the use of large-scale mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelminthic drugs to deworm children in developing countries. Though initially effective, there is concern that MDA might not be sustainable over extended periods especially considering the large children populations and the high frequency of dosing. Further, the MDAs exert increasing drug pressure on parasite populations, a circumstance that is likely to favor parasite genotypes that can resist anthelmintic drugs. There is hence a need for alternatives that are not only affordable and sustainable but easier to implement in the long term with a minimal chance of development of resistance. The investigators propose to develop and test the feasibility of a corn porridge meal fortified with papaya fruit extracts that have been shown to have antihelminthic properties. The investigators intend to evaluate its efficacy when given through school feeding programs and compare the outcome with albendazole- the recommended MDA agent for deworming school children. The investigators will design and formulate the product and test it among children in three primary schools in Western Kenya.
The present study is intended to supplement the preschool anemic children with vitamin A capsule and de-hookworm administration in poverty Sichuan province. We eventually expect our study can provide a cost-effective, safe and more beneficial public health strategy to manage the anemia status of preschool children in poverty area.
Infections with soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) occur throughout the developing world and remain a major public health problem in the poorest communities. Preventive chemotherapy (PC) programs in which single-dose albendazole 400 mg or single-dose mebendazole 500 mg - the drugs of choice for STH - are administered at the population level, is the main strategy for STH control. To ensure quality, these drugs are being widely donated by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) (albendazole (ALB), Zentel) and Johnson & Johnson (mebendazole (MEB), Vermox). In addition to this, there are a wide variety of ALB and MEB tablets available on the local market. Although little is known about the quality of anthelmintics sold for human use, several publications have reported variability in the quality of generic anthelmintics used in veterinary medicine. The main objective of the present study is to compare the efficacy of two ALB brands bought on the local market, including OVIS (Korea, DAEHWA pharmaceutical) and BENDEX (India, Cipla)
Mucosal immunology during helminth infection
The mainstay of control of soil-transmitted helminths (STH) is school-based deworming but recent modelling has highlights that in all but low very transmission settings, the treatment of school-aged children is unlikely to interrupt transmission, and that new treatment strategies are required. This study seeks to answer the question: is it possible to interrupt the transmission of STH and if so, what is the most cost-effective treatment strategy and delivery system to achieve this goal? In this study, two paired community cluster randomised trials in different settings in Kenya will evaluate the impact and cost-effectiveness of annual school-based deworming, annual community-based deworming, and biannual community-based deworming. The interventions are (i) annual mass anthelmintic treatment delivered either to pre-school and school-aged children, as part of a national school-based deworming programme, or to the entire community delivered by community health workers. The primary outcome measure is the prevalence of hookworm infection (the most common STH species), assessed by periodic cross-sectional, age-stratified parasitological surveys. Secondary outcomes include intensity of hookworm, prevalence and intensity of Ascaris lumbricoides, treatment coverage, and among a randomly selected sub-sample of participants who will be followed longitudinally, worm burden and proportion of eggs unfertilised. A nested process evaluation, using semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and a stakeholder analysis will investigate the community acceptability, feasibility given the local and regional health system structures and processes, and scale-up of the interventions.
The purpose of this study is to measure whether a combined water, sanitation, and hygiene intervention leads to improved health of children who did not receive the intervention themselves and who live within a close vicinity of intervention recipients.