Cardiorenal Risk Stratification Pilot Study

Heart Failure Clinical Trial

— CRiSPS  

Official title:

Cardiorenal Risk Stratification Pilot Study (CRiSPS): Using FGF-23 as a Risk Stratification Biomarker in Patients With Heart Failure and Chronic Kidney Disease as a Predictor of 1-year Morbidity and Mortality Risk

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03628443
• Other study ID #: 18-08-172-378(HHC)
• Status: Recruiting
• Start date: July 19, 2018
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2019

Study information

• Verified date: October 2018
• Source: Coney Island Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
• Contact: Wesley A Romney, MD
• Phone: 718-616-3779
• Email: romneyw[@]nychhc.org
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

This is prospective cohort study with the purpose of improving our understanding of morbidity and mortality risk in patients with heart failure and chronic kidney disease.

Description:

The CDC reports that approximately 5.7 million adults in the U.S. have heart failure (HF), and NHANES reports that 26% of individuals 60 years-of-age and older have Chronic Kidney Disease. NHANES also reports that End-Stage Kidney Disease (ESKD) accounts for $40 billion in Medicare and Non-Medicare costs in 2009; 37% of those patients had a prior episode of HF. These figures demonstrate that the treatment of patients with HF and ESKD costs Americans almost $15 billion annually. A meta-analysis of 16 studies estimates that 63% of HF patients have some kidney impairment; a serum creatinine (Cr)>1.0mg/dL or Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)<90 ml/min. Among HF patients with even mildly decreased GFR, mortality increases significantly; those with none, any, and at least moderate CKD experienced a 24%, 38% and 51% 1-year mortality, respectively. In 2015, 66,713 patients were seen at our hospital. About 3% of those patients had a new diagnosis of CHF and at least 30% of those patients diagnosed with CHF had a dual diagnosis of CKD. This population alone accounted for 79,835 of visits in the same year. It is evident that there are both fiscal and ethical incentives, both locally and nationally, to understand how to mitigate disease progression in this population.

Current classification schemes for patients with HF and chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiorenal syndrome, do not significantly alter management other than managing HF or CKD independently with respect to their individual severity. In CKD, worsening renal function often leads to poor phosphate (PO4) regulation where hyperphosphatemia is significantly associated as a predictor of mortality. Further characterizations of the factors that contribute to hyperphosphatemia implicates Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23) as a major hormone regulator of PO4 levels in the body. FGF-23 has repeatedly demonstrated its use as an independent predictor of mortality in ESKD as well as an independent predictor of worsening renal function in non-diabetic patients with mild CKD. FGF-23 achieves PO4 level control by downregulating PO4 reabsorption via transporters in kidney's proximal tubules as well as the small intestines through an incompletely understood mechanism. This action allows the increased filtration of PO4 without proximal tubule reabsorption as well as indirectly decreased uptake of dietary PO4. In ESKD, the PO4-lowering effects of FGF-23 diminish despite rising FGF-23 levels; this indicates that pathologic hyperphosphatemia represents a decompensated state of PO4 regulation. There are studies that suggest FGF-23 is not only implicated in the worsening of CKD, but the pleiotropic effects of FGF-23 remain to be understood as a factor in cardiovascular disease. Increased FGF-23 levels have been associated with left ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation as well as worsening CKD. In one study, not a single patient with Group 5 CKD had an FGF-23 level lower than 40.2ρg/dL, and more than 70% of those patients had and FGF-23 level greater than 66.1ρg/dL.14 Despite this information, it is not currently known how FGF-23 may be used as a predictor of mortality or progression of CKD in patients with cardiorenal syndrome prior to end-stage renal disease. Significant results from this study may provide a predictable classification scheme based on FGF-23 levels that may be employed in future studies to guide treatment evaluation. The prospect of treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality is supported by studies demonstrating that PO4 binders lower FGF-23 levels, even in healthy volunteers. The study proposed here is an early step in evaluating options to reduce the number of patients that progress to ESRD with a parallel step towards a reduction in significant healthcare costs. Participants in this study will only be observed after they have granted their informed consent. There are no significant potential risks posed by this study as blood collected would be from routine lab vials for the participant population. If the study has significant findings, there are immediate benefits to the population studied and the greater society.

Participants after this study will be equipped with more knowledge to help them understand their risk factors and help them make better decisions about their own healthcare. The investigators hope to achieve a better understanding of what levels of FGF-23 are significantly associated with morbidity and mortality in patients with CHF and CKD. This information can help us answer how current clinicians may better stratify the risks of CHF and CKD; translating theoretical disease predictions into a preventative medicine model. The answer to this question may lay the foundation for treatment and prevention option studies based on FGF-23 levels in patients that are not currently on hemodialysis.

We hypothesize (1) that in participants with congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease who are not on hemodialysis, worsening heart disease or worsening kidney disease is associated with a significantly elevated FGF-23 serum level AND (2) participants with congestive heart failure and chronic kidney disease who are not on hemodialysis, decreased survival is associated with a significantly elevated FGF-23 serum level.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 100
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2019
• Est. primary completion date: October 31, 2019
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients must have a diagnosis of congestive heart failure

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients cannot be on hemodialysis at the study onset.

• Patients cannot have hyperphosphatemia defined as persistent serum phosphorus level>4.5mg/dL at study onset.

• Patients cannot be part of another study for the investigational treatment of heart failure or chronic kidney disease.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Cardio-Renal Syndrome
• Chronic Kidney Diseases
• Heart Failure
• Kidney Diseases
• Renal Insufficiency, Chronic

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Fibroblast Growth Factor 23
A sample of blood is tested for levels of fibroblast growth factor 23

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Coney Island Hospital	Brooklyn	New York

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Coney Island Hospital, Brooklyn, NY

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (13)

Bogadel'nikov IV. [State of the kallikrein-kinin system in bacterial poisoning]. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 1978 Nov;(11):20-5. Review. Russian. — View Citation

Ferrari SL, Bonjour JP, Rizzoli R. Fibroblast growth factor-23 relationship to dietary phosphate and renal phosphate handling in healthy young men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Mar;90(3):1519-24. Epub 2004 Dec 21. — View Citation

Fliser D, Kollerits B, Neyer U, Ankerst DP, Lhotta K, Lingenhel A, Ritz E, Kronenberg F; MMKD Study Group, Kuen E, König P, Kraatz G, Mann JF, Müller GA, Köhler H, Riegler P. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) predicts progression of chronic kidney disease: the Mild to Moderate Kidney Disease (MMKD) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Sep;18(9):2600-8. Epub 2007 Jul 26. — View Citation

Gutiérrez OM, Mannstadt M, Isakova T, Rauh-Hain JA, Tamez H, Shah A, Smith K, Lee H, Thadhani R, Jüppner H, Wolf M. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and mortality among patients undergoing hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2008 Aug 7;359(6):584-92. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0706130. — View Citation

Ikee R, Tsunoda M, Sasaki N, Sato N, Hashimoto N. Emerging effects of sevelamer in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2013;37(1):24-32. doi: 10.1159/000343397. Epub 2013 Mar 6. Review. — View Citation

Larsson T, Nisbeth U, Ljunggren O, Jüppner H, Jonsson KB. Circulating concentration of FGF-23 increases as renal function declines in patients with chronic kidney disease, but does not change in response to variation in phosphate intake in healthy volunteers. Kidney Int. 2003 Dec;64(6):2272-9. — View Citation

Liu S, Quarles LD. How fibroblast growth factor 23 works. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Jun;18(6):1637-47. Epub 2007 May 9. Review. — View Citation

Prié D, Friedlander G. Genetic disorders of renal phosphate transport. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jun 24;362(25):2399-409. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0904186. Review. — View Citation

Prié D, Ureña Torres P, Friedlander G. Latest findings in phosphate homeostasis. Kidney Int. 2009 May;75(9):882-9. doi: 10.1038/ki.2008.643. Epub 2009 Feb 4. Review. — View Citation

Seiler S, Cremers B, Rebling NM, Hornof F, Jeken J, Kersting S, Steimle C, Ege P, Fehrenz M, Rogacev KS, Scheller B, Böhm M, Fliser D, Heine GH. The phosphatonin fibroblast growth factor 23 links calcium-phosphate metabolism with left-ventricular dysfunction and atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J. 2011 Nov;32(21):2688-96. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr215. Epub 2011 Jul 6. — View Citation

Smith GL, Lichtman JH, Bracken MB, Shlipak MG, Phillips CO, DiCapua P, Krumholz HM. Renal impairment and outcomes in heart failure: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 May 16;47(10):1987-96. Epub 2006 Apr 24. Review. — View Citation

Tanaka S, Fujita S, Kizawa S, Morita H, Ishizaka N. Association between FGF23, a-Klotho, and Cardiac Abnormalities among Patients with Various Chronic Kidney Disease Stages. PLoS One. 2016 Jul 11;11(7):e0156860. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156860. eCollection 2016. — View Citation

Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR, de Ferranti S, Després JP, Fullerton HJ, Howard VJ, Huffman MD, Isasi CR, Jiménez MC, Judd SE, Kissela BM, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Liu S, Mackey RH, Magid DJ, McGuire DK, Mohler ER 3rd, Moy CS, Muntner P, Mussolino ME, Nasir K, Neumar RW, Nichol G, Palaniappan L, Pandey DK, Reeves MJ, Rodriguez CJ, Rosamond W, Sorlie PD, Stein J, Towfighi A, Turan TN, Virani SS, Woo D, Yeh RW, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee; Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics--2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Jan 26;133(4):447-54. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000366. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Mortality	The occurrence of death	1 year from sample date
Primary	Worsening Renal Function	Significant, persistently decreased in estimated glomerular filtration rate	1 year from sample date
Primary	Worsening Cardiac Function	Decreased ejection fraction, newly documented structural abnormality	1 year from sample date
Primary	End-Stage Renal Disease Progression	Progression of patient's health condition requiring the initiation of hemodialysis	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Hospitalizations	Number of times the patient was hospitalized	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Increased Medication Use	Number of medication changes during observation period, including for comirbidities	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Worsening Control of Co-Morbidities	Progression of other co-morbid conditions including, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Urgent visits	Number of times the patient visited the emergency department, urgent care, or walked into clinic.	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Myocardial Infarction	Myocardial infarction diagnosed during the trial period	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Coronary Artery Disease	Coronary artery disease diagnosed during the trial period	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Stroke	Stroke diagnosed during the trial period	1 year from sample date
Secondary	Arrhythmia	Arrhythmia diagnosed during the trial period	1 year from sample date

External Links

•   Kidney Disease Statistics for the United States
•   United States Renal Data System 2017 Annual Data Report