Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Apnea in the Acute Exacerbation of Heart Failure

Heart Failure Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Role of Diagnosis and Treatment of Sleep Apnea in the Acute Exacerbation of Heart Failure

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT00701038
• Other study ID #: 2005H0186
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• First received: June 17, 2008
• Last updated: January 29, 2013
• Start date: August 2006
• Est. completion date: August 2008

Study information

• Verified date: January 2013
• Source: Ohio State University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: United States: Institutional Review Board
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Congestive heart failure affects 2.3 percent of the population (approximately 4,900,000) with an incidence of 10 per 1,000 of the population after the age of 65 (1). The admission rate for patients with heart failure is on the rise, so is the mortality associated with it and its national annual bill, now exceeding $21 billion (1). Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is present in 11-37 percent of patients with heart failure (2,3), and tends to increase in severity when the heart failure is less controlled (4, 5). Therefore, the actual prevalence of OSA in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure is likely higher. There is now evidence that treatment of OSA with nasal Continuous Positive Pressure (nCPAP) in outpatients with stable heart failure improves left ventricular ejection fraction, and quality of life (6), and confers a reduction in fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events (7). However, there has not been any evaluation of the role of diagnosis and treatment of OSA in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure. This uncertainty about the true prevalence and role of OSA in exacerbations of heart failure, and the role of its treatment in the acute setting may explain why aggressive diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for OSA in patients admitted to the hospital with acute heart failure is not part of the standard clinical practice in acute care centers. Given the rising admission rate, and mortality associated with heart failure, an evaluation of the role of OSA and its treatment in this patient population is highly significant.

Description:

OSA is associated with large negative swings in the intrathoracic pressure, significant increase in the sympathetic nerve activity and repetitive surges in blood pressure, along with episodic hypoxia and hypercapnea (8, 9). These autonomic and respiratory changes may increase the cardiac muscle workload, cardiac dysrrhythmia, and exacerbate ischemia (10,11,12). Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most successful therapeutic modality available for obstructive sleep apnea. It is still not clear whether establishing the diagnosis of OSA and initiating treatment with CPAP while still in the hospital carries any benefit in the management of patients with acute heart failure. This study will evaluate the effect of work up and treatment of OSA on the outcome of patients hospitalized with acute congestive heart failure (CHF).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 54
• Est. completion date: August 2008
• Est. primary completion date: August 2008
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 21 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

.Inclusion Criteria:

• Able to provide an informed consent

• Speaks English

• Older than 21

• Heart Failure

• Positive for OSA

Exclusion Criteria:

• CSA

• Already on CPAP

• Hemodynamic instability

• Acute respiratory failure

• Neurological defect

• Dialysis

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Apnea
• Heart Failure
• Sleep Apnea
• Sleep Apnea Syndromes

Intervention

Device:
• auto adjusting bi-level positive airway pressure device
auto adjusting bi-level positive airway pressure device is provided for treatment of obstructive sleep apnea.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Rami Khayat

References & Publications (12)

Hanly P, Sasson Z, Zuberi N, Lunn K. ST-segment depression during sleep in obstructive sleep apnea. Am J Cardiol. 1993 Jun 1;71(15):1341-5. — View Citation

Javaheri S, Parker TJ, Liming JD, Corbett WS, Nishiyama H, Wexler L, Roselle GA. Sleep apnea in 81 ambulatory male patients with stable heart failure. Types and their prevalences, consequences, and presentations. Circulation. 1998 Jun 2;97(21):2154-9. — View Citation

Katragadda S, Xie A, Puleo D, Skatrud JB, Morgan BJ. Neural mechanism of the pressor response to obstructive and nonobstructive apnea. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1997 Dec;83(6):2048-54. — View Citation

Magder SA, Lichtenstein S, Adelman AG. Effect of negative pleural pressure on left ventricular hemodynamics. Am J Cardiol. 1983 Sep 1;52(5):588-93. — View Citation

Mansfield DR, Gollogly NC, Kaye DM, Richardson M, Bergin P, Naughton MT. Controlled trial of continuous positive airway pressure in obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Feb 1;169(3):361-6. Epub 2003 Nov 3. — View Citation

Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Vicente E, Agusti AG. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet. 2005 Mar 19-25;365(9464):1046-53. — View Citation

Morgan BJ, Denahan T, Ebert TJ. Neurocirculatory consequences of negative intrathoracic pressure vs. asphyxia during voluntary apnea. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1993 Jun;74(6):2969-75. — View Citation

Roebuck T, Solin P, Kaye DM, Bergin P, Bailey M, Naughton MT. Increased long-term mortality in heart failure due to sleep apnoea is not yet proven. Eur Respir J. 2004 May;23(5):735-40. — View Citation

Sin DD, Fitzgerald F, Parker JD, Newton G, Floras JS, Bradley TD. Risk factors for central and obstructive sleep apnea in 450 men and women with congestive heart failure. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Oct;160(4):1101-6. — View Citation

Skinner MA, Choudhury MS, Homan SD, Cowan JO, Wilkins GT, Taylor DR. Accuracy of monitoring for sleep-related breathing disorders in the coronary care unit. Chest. 2005 Jan;127(1):66-71. — View Citation

Solin P, Bergin P, Richardson M, Kaye DM, Walters EH, Naughton MT. Influence of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure on central apnea in heart failure. Circulation. 1999 Mar 30;99(12):1574-9. — View Citation

Stoohs R, Guilleminault C. Cardiovascular changes associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1992 Feb;72(2):583-9. — View Citation

* Note: There are 12 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement	Left ventricular function was assessed using doppler ultrasound. Positive increase in left ventricular function from baseline to 3 nights post treatment indicates potential beneficial impact of treatment on heart function.	baseline and again after three nights in hospital	No