Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery

Heart Diseases Clinical Trial

Official title:

Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery in Patients Without Chronic Kidney Disease.

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05079724
• Other study ID #: AKIN and Cardiac Surgery
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Start date: November 1, 2021
• Est. completion date: November 1, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: October 2021
• Source: Assiut University
• Contact: Omar A Sadek, M.Sc.
• Phone: +201013141529
• Email: arafats_omar[@]yahoo.com
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The study aims to identify the Following: -

1. incidence and mortality of cardiac Surgery associated -AKI based on the new consensus diagnostic systems of KDIGO (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes).

2. use of biomarkers for the early detection of clinical and subclinical cardiac Surgery associated-AKI.

3. risk factors and prediction models of cardiac Surgery associated-AKI.

4. optimal cardiac surgical procedures including conventional versus minimally invasive approaches, on-pump versus off-pump, and optimal management of cardiac surgical support including duration of CPB, perfusion pressure, hemodilution, and hypothermia during CPB.

5. controversial pharmacologic therapies for the prevention and treatment of cardiac Surgery associated-AKI including statins, sodium bicarbonate, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

Description:

Acute renal injury (AKI) is a severe complication that occurs in 3.5-31.0% of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, making it one of the most common complications observed in this group of patients.

Evidence suggests that even slight postoperative increases in serum creatinine levels are associated with a significant increase in the risk of death. Among individuals undergoing cardiac surgery, mortality has been reported to be as high as 8% and postoperative AKI can increase the mortality rate to over 60%. The occurrence of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery raises the mortality rate from 0.4-4.4% to 1.3-22.3%; when those same patients require dialysis, rates range from 25% to 88.9%, making severe postoperative AKI an independent risk factor for mortality that results in an 8-fold increase in the risk of death. Therefore, cardiac surgery AKI is associated with serious complications as well as with prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stays and with a worse quality of life. It also increases early and late mortality and health care expenditures.

The early identification of patients at risk of developing AKI after cardiac surgery is an important strategy for improving the care of such patients during the intraoperative and postoperative periods. Many factors have been found to facilitate the development of AKI after cardiac surgery such as: age; obesity; female gender; valve replacement surgery; myocardial infarction in the last 30 days; low cardiac output; blood transfusion; and many others.

Epidemiological studies of AKI in cardiac surgery patients are important because they allow for better diagnosis of AKI and facilitate the prognosis estimation, as well as the development of new, more effective strategies to prevent and minimize this complication, thus reducing the associated morbidity and mortality.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 200
• Est. completion date: November 1, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: October 1, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 80 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• On-pump cardiac surgery;

• Off-pump Cardiac Surgery;

• Informed and written consent of the patient or inclusion according to the emergency procedure;

• Affiliated patient or beneficiary of a social protection.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who underwent cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease.

• Patients who underwent emergency heart surgery.

• patients who, within the last 72 hours before surgery, were injected with iodinated contrast (because of its potential nephrotoxicity).

• patients with chronic Kidney disease. 5- patients with a preoperative serum creatinine >2 mg/dL.

• patients who died within the first 24 hours after surgery.

• patients on mechanical ventilation before intervention.

• Patients with preoperative medical disorders other than cardiac affection.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Acute Kidney Injury
• Apnea
• Cardiac Disease
• Cardio Respiratory Arrest
• Cardio-pulmonary Bypass
• Cardio-Renal Syndrome
• Cardiopulmonary Arrest With Successful Resuscitation
• Cardiopulmonary Disease
• Cardiothoracic Surgery
• Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
• Heart Arrest
• Heart Diseases
• Heart Valve Diseases
• Pulmonary Heart Disease
• Shock
• Wounds and Injuries

Intervention

Procedure:
• Cardiac Surgery
About 3.5-31.0% of Patients undergoing cardiac surgery Complains from Postoperative Acute renal injury (AKI) that is a severe complication increasing the risk factor for mortality about 8-folds, The occurrence of AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery raises the mortality rate from 0.4-4.4% to 1.3-22.3%; when those same patients require dialysis.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Assiut University

References & Publications (14)

Andersson LG, Ekroth R, Bratteby LE, Hallhagen S, Wesslén O. Acute renal failure after coronary surgery--a study of incidence and risk factors in 2009 consecutive patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1993 Aug;41(4):237-41. — View Citation

Chertow GM, Lazarus JM, Christiansen CL, Cook EF, Hammermeister KE, Grover F, Daley J. Preoperative renal risk stratification. Circulation. 1997 Feb 18;95(4):878-84. — View Citation

De Santo LS, Romano G, Mango E, Iorio F, Savarese L, Numis F, Zebele C. Age and blood transfusion: relationship and prognostic implications in cardiac surgery. J Thorac Dis. 2017 Oct;9(10):3719-3727. doi: 10.21037/jtd.2017.08.126. — View Citation

Ferreiro A, Lombardi R. Acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery is associated with mid-term but not long-term mortality: A cohort-based study. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 10;12(7):e0181158. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181158. eCollection 2017. — View Citation

Fortes JV, Barbosa e Silva MG, Baldez TE, Costa MA, da Silva LN, Pinheiro RS, Fecks ZS, Borges DL. Mortality Risk After Cardiac Surgery: Application of Inscor in a University Hospital in Brazil's Northeast. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2016 Sep-Oct;31(5):396-399. doi: 10.5935/1678-9741.20160080. — View Citation

Jiang W, Xu J, Shen B, Wang C, Teng J, Ding X. Validation of Four Prediction Scores for Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Chinese Patients. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Nov-Dec;32(6):481-486. doi: 10.21470/1678-9741-2017-0116. — View Citation

Jyrala A, Weiss RE, Jeffries RA, Kay GL. Effect of mild renal dysfunction (s-crea 1.2-2.2 mg/dl) on presentation characteristics and short- and long-term outcomes of on-pump cardiac surgery patients. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2010 May;10(5):777-82. doi: 10.1510/icvts.2009.231068. Epub 2010 Feb 19. — View Citation

Khwaja A. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract. 2012;120(4):c179-84. doi: 10.1159/000339789. Epub 2012 Aug 7. — View Citation

Luo X, Jiang L, Du B, Wen Y, Wang M, Xi X; Beijing Acute Kidney Injury Trial (BAKIT) workgroup. A comparison of different diagnostic criteria of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients. Crit Care. 2014 Jul 8;18(4):R144. doi: 10.1186/cc13977. — View Citation

Mehta RL. Acute renal failure and cardiac surgery: marching in place or moving ahead? J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Jan;16(1):12-4. Epub 2004 Dec 8. Review. — View Citation

Ortega-Loubon C, Fernández-Molina M, Carrascal-Hinojal Y, Fulquet-Carreras E. Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Ann Card Anaesth. 2016 Oct-Dec;19(4):687-698. doi: 10.4103/0971-9784.191578. Review. — View Citation

Pontes JC, Silva GV, Benfatti RA, Machado NP, Pontelli R, Pontes ER. Risk factors for the development of acute renal failure following on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc. 2007 Oct-Dec;22(4):484-90. English, Portuguese. — View Citation

Santana-Santos E, Marcusso ME, Rodrigues AO, Queiroz FG, Oliveira LB, Rodrigues AR, Palomo Jda S. [Strategies for prevention of acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery: an integrative review]. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2014 Apr-Jun;26(2):183-92. Review. Portuguese. — View Citation

Santos FO, Silveira MA, Maia RB, Monteiro MD, Martinelli R. Acute renal failure after coronary artery bypass surgery with extracorporeal circulation -- incidence, risk factors, and mortality. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2004 Aug;83(2):150-4; 145-9. Epub 2004 Aug 17. English, Portuguese. — View Citation

* Note: There are 14 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	The early identification of patients at risk of developing AKI after cardiac surgery	observing if The early identification of patients at risk of developing AKI after cardiac surgery will or will not affect the postoperative Mortality.	Baseline
Secondary	ICU and hospital Length of stay	observing if the patients which will develop AKI after cardiac surgery will or will not affect their ICU and hospital Length of stay.	Baseline
Secondary	Vent days	observing if the patients which will develop AKI after cardiac surgery will or will not affect their need for and the Period of Mechanical ventilation.	Baseline
Secondary	The need for renal replacement therapy	observing if the patients which will develop AKI after cardiac surgery will or will not become in need for renal replacement therapy.	Baseline
Secondary	Renal recovery	observing the relation between developing AKI after cardiac surgery and Renal recovery.	Baseline