Infrared-LED During Physical Training for Rehabilitation, Physical Performance and Body Aesthetics

Healthy Clinical Trial

Official title:

Effects of Infrared-LED Illumination Applied During Treadmill Training in Postmenopausal Women

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT01610232
• Other study ID #: 98142708
• Status: Completed
• Phase: Phase 1
• First received: May 30, 2012
• Last updated: May 31, 2012
• Start date: December 2009
• Est. completion date: December 2010

Study information

• Verified date: May 2012
• Source: University of Sao Paulo
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Brazil: Ethics CommitteeBrazil: Ministry of HealthBrazil: National Committee of Ethics in ResearchBrazil: National Health Surveillance Agency
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The investigators hypothesis is that the infrared-LED illumination during treadmill training can enhance physical performance in postmenopausal women. The basis for such a hypothesis is based on the fact that the light therapy during the intense metabolic stage caused by exercise may be more efficient.

Description:

Phototherapy improves cellular activation via absorption of photons by chromophores present in the protein components of the mitochondrial respiratory chain - mainly NADH dehydrogenases and cytochrome C oxidase, which leads to increased electron transport, production of ATP, and tissue regeneration (skin, muscle, bone, and nerves). Moreover, phototherapy stimulates the anti-inflammatory effect with analgesia and vasodilatation. Regarding body aesthetics, phototherapy increases microcirculation, lymphatic drainage, as well as collagen synthesis for the treatment of cellulite. The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate the effects of a new clinical procedure: infrared radiation originated from LEDs associated with treadmill training in postmenopausal women. LED arrays were developed for an irradiation of a large area, such as hip and quadriceps muscles, main actuators during stance and swing phases. These body parts are furthermore areas where there is incidence of osteoporosis, mainly at the femur, localized fat deposits, and cellulite. Infrared radiation (850 nm) was selected because this spectral range shows better skin penetration compared to red interval.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 45
• Est. completion date: December 2010
• Est. primary completion date: December 2010
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 50 Years to 60 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Postmenopausal women

• Caucasian

• 50 and 60 years of age

• Healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Neurological disease

• Inflammatory disease

• Pulmonary disease

• Oncological disease

• Cardiac disease

• Endocrinopathy

• Musculotendinous or articular injuries

• Hormone replacement therapy or osteoporosis drugs

• Cigarette smoking

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Factorial Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Treatment

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Healthy

Intervention

Device:
• Photon stimulation by light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
Treadmill training with the application of the phototherapy was performed twice a week for 6 months, each session lasting 45 min at intensities between 85% and 90% maximal heart rate. The average power and power density on the skin were 100 mW and 39 mW/cm2, respectively. The treatment time was 45 min bilaterally in both thighs. These parameters led to an approximate fluence of 108 J/cm2.

Other:
• Treadmill training
Treadmill training without the application of the phototherapy was performed twice a week for 6 months, each session lasting 45 min at intensities between 85% and 90% maximal heart rate

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Brazil	Optics Group from Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP)	São Carlos	São Paulo

Sponsors (4)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of Sao Paulo	Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior., Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Brazil, 

References & Publications (13)

Baroni BM, Leal Junior EC, Geremia JM, Diefenthaeler F, Vaz MA. Effect of light-emitting diodes therapy (LEDT) on knee extensor muscle fatigue. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010 Oct;28(5):653-8. doi: 10.1089/pho.2009.2688. Epub 2010 Jul 13. — View Citation

Corazza AV, Jorge J, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Photobiomodulation on the angiogenesis of skin wounds in rats using different light sources. Photomed Laser Surg. 2007 Apr;25(2):102-6. — View Citation

De Marchi T, Leal Junior EC, Bortoli C, Tomazoni SS, Lopes-Martins RA, Salvador M. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in human progressive-intensity running: effects on exercise performance, skeletal muscle status, and oxidative stress. Lasers Med Sci. 2012 Jan;27(1):231-6. doi: 10.1007/s10103-011-0955-5. Epub 2011 Jul 8. — View Citation

Ferraresi C, de Brito Oliveira T, de Oliveira Zafalon L, de Menezes Reiff RB, Baldissera V, de Andrade Perez SE, Matheucci Júnior E, Parizotto NA. Effects of low level laser therapy (808 nm) on physical strength training in humans. Lasers Med Sci. 2011 May;26(3):349-58. doi: 10.1007/s10103-010-0855-0. Epub 2010 Nov 18. — View Citation

Karu TI, Pyatibrat LV, Afanasyeva NI. Cellular effects of low power laser therapy can be mediated by nitric oxide. Lasers Surg Med. 2005 Apr;36(4):307-14. — View Citation

Leal Junior EC, Lopes-Martins RA, Baroni BM, De Marchi T, Rossi RP, Grosselli D, Generosi RA, de Godoi V, Basso M, Mancalossi JL, Bjordal JM. Comparison between single-diode low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and LED multi-diode (cluster) therapy (LEDT) applications before high-intensity exercise. Photomed Laser Surg. 2009 Aug;27(4):617-23. doi: 10.1089/pho.2008.2350. — View Citation

Paolillo FR, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. New treatment of cellulite with infrared-LED illumination applied during high-intensity treadmill training. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2011 Aug;13(4):166-71. doi: 10.3109/14764172.2011.594065. — View Citation

Paolillo FR, Corazza AV, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Infrared LED irradiation applied during high-intensity treadmill training improves maximal exercise tolerance in postmenopausal women: a 6-month longitudinal study. Lasers Med S — View Citation

Paolillo FR, Milan JC, Aniceto IV, Barreto SG, Rebelatto JR, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Effects of infrared-LED illumination applied during high-intensity treadmill training in postmenopausal women. Photomed Laser Surg. 2011 Sep; — View Citation

Paolillo FR, Milan JC, Bueno Pde G, Paolillo AR, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Arena R, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Effects of excess body mass on strength and fatigability of quadriceps in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2012 May;19(5):556-61. doi: 10.1097/g — View Citation

Vieira WH, Ferraresi C, Perez SE, Baldissera V, Parizotto NA. Effects of low-level laser therapy (808 nm) on isokinetic muscle performance of young women submitted to endurance training: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Lasers Med Sci. 2012 Mar;27(2):497-504. doi: 10.1007/s10103-011-0984-0. Epub 2011 Aug 26. — View Citation

Vladimirov YA, Osipov AN, Klebanov GI. Photobiological principles of therapeutic applications of laser radiation. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2004 Jan;69(1):81-90. Review. — View Citation

Whelan HT, Smits RL Jr, Buchman EV, Whelan NT, Turner SG, Margolis DA, Cevenini V, Stinson H, Ignatius R, Martin T, Cwiklinski J, Philippi AF, Graf WR, Hodgson B, Gould L, Kane M, Chen G, Caviness J. Effect of NASA light-emitting diode irradiation on wound healing. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2001 Dec;19(6):305-14. Review. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Effects of Infrared-LED Illumination Associated with Treadmill Training	Quantitative and qualitative evaluations	12 months	Yes
Secondary	Maximal exercise testing	Progressive aerobic exercise testing on treadmill (Modified Bruce Protocol)	Baseline and 6 months	Yes
Secondary	Isokinetic concentric exercise testing	Peak torque, power, work, and fatigue of the dominant quadriceps were measured using the isokinetic dynamometer	Baseline, 6 months and 12 months	Yes
Secondary	Biochemical tests	Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), urea, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, insulin and glucose	Baseline and 6 months	Yes
Secondary	Quality of life	Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) and Women´s Health Questionnaire (WHQ)	Baseline and 6 months	Yes
Secondary	Dietary habits	3-day dietary record	Baseline and 6 months	Yes
Secondary	Exercise tolerance and heart rate variability	Submaximal constant-speed testing and heart rate variability via autonomic reflex testing	Baseline and 6 months	Yes
Secondary	Bone mineral density	Bone mineral density (femoral neck, wrist, and lumbar spine) via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)	Baseline and 12 months	Yes
Secondary	Thermography	Cutaneous temperature measurements	Baseline	Yes

External Links

•   Research: Biophotonics (phototherapy)