View clinical trials related to Glucose Metabolism Disorders.
Filter by:Investigation of GLP-1 signalling in the glucose-lowering effect of increased carbohydrate content in the distal small intestines induced by alpha-glucosidase inhibition during meal ingestion in patients with type 2 diabetes
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Singapore is approximately half of that in the United States, yet the incidence of type 2 diabetes is similar, and is expected to double in the near future. This indicates that metabolic dysfunction, particularly insulin resistance, is widely prevalent even among individuals who are considered normal-weight or lean by conventional measures, i.e. body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat. These individuals are often referred to as "metabolically-obese normal-weight" (MONW), and have increased risk for cardiometabolic disease despite their normal BMI and total body fat values. The prevalence of the MONW phenotype varies across populations and differs markedly among different ethnicities. However, our understanding of the complex interactions between ethnicity, body composition, and metabolic dysfunction and its reversal remains rudimentary. Previous attempts to characterize the MONW phenotype are confounded by the small but significant differences in BMI or percent body fat between groups (even if all subjects were lean, within the "normal" range), with MONW subjects being always "fatter" than the corresponding control subjects. There are no published studies that prospectively recruited groups of metabolically healthy and unhealthy lean individuals matched on BMI and percent body fat. Furthermore, although weight loss improves body composition and many of the cardiometabolic abnormalities in most obese patients, little is known about the possible therapeutic effects of calorie restriction in MONW subjects. Accordingly, a better understanding of the MONW phenotype and the evaluation of therapeutic approaches for its reversal will have important implications for public health. By facilitating earlier identification of these subjects, who are more likely to go undiagnosed and thus less likely to be treated before clinically overt cardiometabolic disease develops, results from this study will allow for earlier and effective intervention.
This study will examine the effects of almonds consumed by adults with different body fat distributions on indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
This study investigates the effects of Canderel, an aspartame and acesulfame-k blend artificial sweetener powder, on post-postprandial blood glucose levels and appetite scores.
Modern living is associated with an epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sleep disturbances are strong independent risk factors for incident diabetes. Melatonin has been implicated in regulation of circadian rhythm and sleep, but it is also ascribed anti-oxidative properties and effects on glucose homeostasis. A potential association between melatonin and T2DM has only been addressed in few human physiological studies, but the topic has received renewed interest since genetic-epidemiological studies have pointed to a role for melatonin in the development of the disease. In the current study, the investigators wish to examine whether treatment with synthetic melatonin induces physiological changes that affect the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Two studies of the physiological effects of melatonin are included in the present protocol. In study A, the investigators will examine the acute effects of Melatonin on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity using a Botnia clamp and in study B the investigators will examine the potential effects of Melatonin on the incretin response.
In the present study glucose metabolism and ectopic lipids in the liver, heart and muscle were investigated in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and in healthy control subjects.
This project will assess the feasibility and efficacy of the use of exercise and dietary supplementation with a non essential amino acid - glutamine - a component of most protein supplements, on the regulation of plasma glucose homeostasis in a clinical setting of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The study specifically targets patients in puberty as this period is associated with a physiological decline in insulin sensitivity, the latter often associated with poor control. Although physical exercise has long been known to exert beneficial effects on metabolism, lack of time is the most common reason perceived as preventing the performance of exercise in both healthy and diabetic subjects. In earlier studies, the investigators showed that oral supplementation with glutamine, a non essential amino acid given prior to exercise decreases overnight post-exercise blood glucose in adolescents with T1D. Hence, the objective of the current study is to investigate if a novel way of exercising, such as performing 6 short bouts of just 1 min each of intense exercise ('exercise snacks') 30 min before meals, with or without glutamine, improves glycemic control in adolescents with T1D. Designing innovative ways to improve diabetes control in adolescents is highly desirable. The specific aim of the project is to determine whether the sustained use of the proposed exercise snacks with or without glutamine results in diminished glycemic variability and/or improved glucose control
In this study the investigators aim at addressing potential relationships between iron stores and glucose homeostasis. Iron (i.e. Ferric Carboxymaltose) will be perfused to pre-menopausal, iron-deficient non-anaemic women suffering from a chronic fatigue syndrome and parameters related to glucose homeostasis, parameters related to metabolic syndrome and inflammation will be measured before and after the intervention.
In this study glucose metabolism of pregnant women with a history of bariatric surgery, obese pregnant women and normal weight pregnant women was investigated. Three to six months after delivery the assessment of Glucose metabolism was repeated and the amount of ectopic lipids in the liver, heart and muscle was measured.
Forty-five subjects receiving no dietary therapy with a proven G1D diagnosis will be enrolled. To evaluate the effect of C7 supplementation of a regular diet on a EEG activity in addition to IQ, language, working memory, processing speed, emotional and behavioral functioning, ataxia, and other neuropsychological and neurological performance indices in children and adults genetically diagnosed with G1D receiving a regular diet at enrollment.