View clinical trials related to Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage.
Filter by:Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is common among infants and young children in sub-Saharan Africa.Oral iron administration is usually recom-mended as cost effective measure to prevent and treat iron deficiency (ID) and IDA during childhood. In Kenya, national nutrition policies for anaemia prevention recommend a daily dose of 3-6 mg ele-mental iron per kg body weight if a child is diagnosed with anaemia. Using a novel technology, recent research found increased iron losses during iron supplementation. In an explorative analysis of stool samples collected from Gambian toddlers (Speich et al., 2020), an increase in faecal iron losses during iron supplementation was reported. The present study is aiming to analyse a relationship between routine iron supplementation and increased faecal occult blood losses in 24 Kenyan children with anaemia and iron deficiency in a more structured manner. Secondary objectives of the study are to measure and monitor iron and inflammatory status during the course of the study and to quantify long-term iron absorption and iron losses during a 12-weeks iron supplementation period, in order to put iron balance into relationship to occurring faecal occult blood losses during such an intervention.
timely short-term antibiotic prophylaxis is an essential step in the management of these patients . Prophylaxis must be instituted as early as variceal hemorrhage is suspected, and timely administration has been associated with a reduced re-bleeding rate and lower mortality . More recently, the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD), the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) recommended antibiotic prophylaxis in all cirrhotic patients with UGIB, regardless of its source (i.e. variceal or non-variceal) or the presence of ascites.
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding is potentially lethal in liver cirrhosis. Accurate assessment of prognosis is critical in a timely fashion. A novel model, CAGIB score, has been developed based on our Chinese multicenter retrospective study. Now, a prospective, international multicenter, observational study will be performed to further compare the performance of CAGIB versus Child-Pugh and MELD scores for evaluating the in-hospital mortality of patients with liver cirrhosis and acute gastrointestinal bleeding.
Diagnostic modalities for the evaluation of small bowel pathology include video capsule endoscopy (VCE), antegrade and retrograde device-assisted enteroscopy, CT and MR enterography (1). Despite VCE being the first-line evaluation modality, it lacks interventional capability. Deep enteroscopy (DE) allows tissue sampling and other therapeutic interventions with real-time endoscopic assessment. DE is usually performed with specific endoscopes (balloon-assisted device or spiral overtube) making it time consuming and there is limited availability since special instruments and accessories are required.(1,2) The through-the-scope (TTS) balloon system consists of a balloon catheter designed for anchoring in the small bowel, inserted through the instrument channel of a standard colonoscope.(3) The catheter is advanced, the balloon is inflated and anchored in the small intestine and the endoscope slides over the guiding catheter to the inflated balloon. The most common indications for DE are obscure GI bleeding, iron deficiency anemia, abnormal capsule endoscopy and chronic diarrhea. As compared to spiral, single-or double-balloon enteroscopy, TTS (NaviAid, SMART Medical Systems Ltd, Ra'anana, Israel) is a simpler technique, which requires less investment in infrastructure. The balloon catheter is advanced blindly in front of a standard adult colonoscope as it bends around the curves of the small bowel. To prevent perforation/trauma the catheter is fitted with a soft silicone tip which easily bends under pressure. Insertion depth can be calculated during the withdrawal of the enteroscope. The Aim of the study: To compare the depth of maximal ileal insertion between through-the-scope balloon enteroscopy (NaviAid) with enteroscopy using the adult colonoscope (Olympus CF-190) alone, in the same patient, in a prospective cohort at University Medical Center of El Paso, Texas.
With the development of endoscopy, patients with suspected gastrointestinal tract disease can be evaluated with further management. Upper esophageal tract including esophagus, stomach and duodenum, and colon are easily to be evaluated in daily practice. However, small bowel, located between stomach and colon, is a long tortuous organ about 4-6 meter long and causing difficulty in optical evaluation. Since Prof. Swain and Iddan invented video capsule endoscopy(VCE) from over 20 years ago.[1] VCE is increasingly used in evaluation of small bowel disease across the world.[2, 3] Originally, VCE is composed of one front lens, with flashlight and battery to take images during its passage throughout small bowel. Wireless device were also implanted for transmission of the video signal for further diagnosis.[4] In recent decades, new generation of VCE have better image quality, longer battery life and more frequent images taken. Therefore, VCE is recommended as the first line treatment in obscure gastrointestinal bleeding(OGIB) by multiple societies.[5-7] The efficacy of capsule endoscopy in evaluating patients with OGIB is good, but not perfect. The current diagnostic yield of VCE in patients with OGIB is from 35% to 77%.[8-11] Part of OGIB patients still can't be diagnosed using current conventional capsule endoscopy. The current forward looking lens may cause some difficulties, including inability to visualize the duodenal papilla, blind points missed by capsule endoscopy. In recent years, another type of panoramic side view capsule endoscopy was developed.[12] The CapsoCam Plus (Capsovision) capsule has four cameras allowing the exploration of the small bowel through 360° lateral viewing and makes papilla stably visualized. However, this system does not include a recording system so the capsule endoscope has to be collected by the patient after defecation in order for the film to be downloaded which may be a disadvantage compared with the conventional capsule endoscopy. In previous studies, the diagnostic yield of conventional capsule endoscope and panoramic side view capsule endoscope were comparable while visualization of duodenal papilla is more frequent in using panoramic side view capsule endoscopy. [13-15] However, most studies are done in single arm historical control or randomized controlled study, which may be influenced by the uneven distribution of OGIB patients in both groups. To date only one simultaneous capsule endoscopy study using both capsule endoscope in the same patient is available to data using older version of conventional capsule endoscope and panoramic side view capsule endoscope .[16] The efficiency between two capsule endoscopies were comparable in terms of diagnostic yield and image quality. Therefore, we aimed to conduct this study to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency between two capsule endoscopies. The aim of this study was to evaluate (1) visualization of duodenal papilla (2) diagnostic concordance (kappa value) of the conventional capsule endoscopy (Olmypus endocapsule 10) and panoramic side view (CapsoCam Plus) capsule endoscopy in the same OGIB patient. The clinical experience and satisfaction of both capsule endoscope by the patient and the physicians will be also be assessed.
The aim of the current study is to screen different causes and characteristics of Gastrointestinal bleeding in Chronic Renal Failure patients at Assuit University Hospital according to their stages based on e GFR (Stage I to IV), in order to assess different modalities of therapeutic intervention from medical therapy up to therapeutic intervention.
The management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is challenging in patients with cirrhosis, as it is responsible for severe complications and high mortality rates. Fibrinolytic activity of the epithelial surfaces and of the submucosal blood vessels may interfere with hematemesis and even delay healing of ulcers. Tranexamic acid (TXA) may help control the bleeding by counterbalancing cirrhosis-related hyperfibrinolysis. Still, there is a lack of unbiased data to conclude on its efficacy. Tranexamic Acid in patients with acute Upper Gastrointestinal bleed have been shown to prevent re bleed in few studies when combined with standard medical management (which generally comprises of initial fluid resuscitation, intravenous PPI , splanchnic vasoconstrictors, blood transfusions and coagulopathy corrections as per lab parameters) but no randomized placebo controlled trial has been done. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of TXA in the early treatment of acute UGIB as compared to placebo in patients with cirrhosis.
The study examines, whether the use of the HemoPill Acute ® capsule in case of suspected nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding can identify cases in which endoscopy can be delayed to 48-96 hours without risk to the patient.
Acute Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding are a common chief complaint among Emergency Department. The mortality rate for Lower GI Bleeding is 3.9%. While the mortality rate can be as high as 10% for Upper GI Bleeding. Most existing scores take into account hemodynamic parameters such as systolic blood pressure or heart rate. Studies have shown that hemodynamic instability only develops late in the course of a bleed, as evidenced by a blood depletion of 30 to 40% of the total blood volume. Currently, few studies have examined the value of echocardiography in the management of patients presenting for Acute GI Bleeding in the Emergency Department. The main objective of this study is to show whether simple ultrasound parameters can, combined with clinico biological parameters, predict in an early manner the evolution of the patient presenting to the Emergency Department for Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding.
Unlike upper GI bleeding, for LGIB there is still a paucity of data on clinical presentation, patient characteristics, pathways of care and outcomes for LGIB patients. In-hospital mortality ranges from 1.2% to 8.8% (2-4), according to retrospective studies, but data from prospective series are still limited (5). Present multicentre, prospective, observational study was designed to explore these areas, to assess variations in practice management and to identify factors associated with patient outcomes.