View clinical trials related to Fetal Growth Retardation.
Filter by:One of the most challenging areas currently facing obstetricians is the detection and management of pregnancies in which the growth of the fetus is poor. These fetuses have not only increased rates of perinatal morbidity and mortality, but also have higher levels of morbidity extending into adult life (Linda; Murray 2010). In developing countries including Egypt, low birth weight is a national concern and emphasized in population and health policies according to the latest WHO data published in April 2011 low Birth Weight Deaths in Egypt reached 13,587 or 3.74% of total deaths, Mortality was more frequent in LBW (31.6%) than normal birth weight (NBW) infants (2.0%). Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is defined as fetuses whose growth velocity slows down or stops completely because of inadequate oxygen and nutritional supply or utilization (Linda; Murray 2010). Low birth weight (LBW) refers to an infant with a birth weight < 2500 g, Small for gestational age (SGA) birth is defined as an estimated fetal weight (EFW) less than the 10th centile and severe SGA as an EFW less than the 3rd centile, (RCOG Green-top Guideline No.31, 2013). Ultrasound has been used as a tool for determining fetal health and a variety of sonographic parameters have been used to screen and diagnose IUGR including fetal biometry, fetal body proportions (Campbell et al., 1994), amniotic fluid volume (Owen et al., 1999), subcutaneous tissue thickness and estimated fetal weight (EFW) (Larciprete et al., 2005). IUGR is associated with changes in the body proportions as undernourished fetus directs most of its energy to maintain the growth of vital organs, such as the brain and heart, at the expense of the liver, muscle and fat and this results in decreased abdominal and thigh circumference measurements and hence theoretically increased HC/AC, FL/AC and FL/TC ratios (Colley et al., 1991). Fetal thigh circumference has a role to play in accurately measuring fetal weight when incorporated with other fetal parameters and provide a potentially straightforward method for assessing the deposition of muscle and fat in the growing fetus; there is a scope of using the FL/TC ratio in predicting IUGR (Sanyal et al., 2012). Fetal thigh circumference to femur length ratio (FL/TC) seems to be potential for use in predicting IUGR (Shripad; Varalaxmi, 2005).
Contraceptive failure is the primary cause of unintended pregnancy in the United States. With obesity rates at epidemic proportions, any association between obesity and strategies that prevent undesired pregnancies constitutes a significant public health and economic concern. Evidence from recent epidemiological studies and our preliminary data (sub-therapeutic levels of steroid hormones due to drug clearance and half-life) suggest that obesity reduces oral contraceptive efficacy. Furthermore, preliminary analysis suggested that a sub-group of obese women, defined by their own birth weight, are at higher risk of contraceptive failure. Further studies are necessary to investigate whether birth weight, a surrogate marker of in utero growth restriction, is a useful diagnostic marker for the identification of women prone to contraceptive failure. Such an understanding is critical to finding a contraceptive strategy with better efficacy for these women. The overall goal of this project is to test pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptive agents in obese women with low birth weight and compare to obese women with normal birth weight. The main hypothesis for this proposal is that an adverse in utero environment programs the expression and function of enzymes and transporters that underlie pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives, and leads to contraceptive failure. Reproductive-aged, ovulatory women of obese BMI >30 kg/m2 with normal birth weight (5.5-8 lbs; n=10) and low birth weight (<5.5 lbs; n=10), will be placed on oral contraceptives for 1 month. At several key time points, synthetic steroid pharmacokinetics, gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone) and ovarian hormone levels (estradiol, progesterone) will be monitored.
Objective: The impact of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on perinatal morbidity and long-term neurodevelopmental outcome has been published in numerous studies. Throughout this analysis, the influence of IUGR on the postnatal amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) in preterm infants below 30 weeks of gestation was assessed. The second concern was the correlation between the pattern of the aEEG in the first two weeks with neurodevelopmental outcome, comparing infants with and without IUGR. Methods: Routinely assessed aEEG data of preterm infants with IUGR born below 30 weeks of gestation in the years 2005 until 2007 were analysed retrospectively according to the aEEG score (combining occurrence of sleep-wake-cycles, background activity and suspected seizure activity). Neurodevelopmental outcome was evaluated at 24 months using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development and standardized neurologic examination.
The purpose of this study is to use an air filter intervention to evaluate the relationship between particulate matter air pollution exposure during pregnancy and fetal growth. We hypothesize that: 1) portable high efficiency air (HEPA) filters will produce major reductions in home indoor concentrations of particulate matter and 2) pregnant women whose exposures to particulate matter are reduced by this intervention will give birth to children with greater mean body weight for gestational age. In an extended follow-up of this cohort, we aim to evaluate the relationship between use of portable air purifiers during pregnancy and the growth and development of children from birth to age four years. In particular, the follow-up study will focus on children's physical growth, respiratory symptoms, and behavioral, social and neurocognitive development.
This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of this trial is to assess the safety of long-term growth hormone treatment in growth-retarded children with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) enrolled in trial GHRETARD/F/1/F.
The objective of this study is to test the efficacy of low-dose aspirin (160 mg/day), given bedtime and started early during pregnancy (≤ 15 +6 weeks of gestation) in nulliparous pregnant women selected as "high-risk" by the presence of a bilateral uterine artery notch and/or bilateral uterine artery PI ≥ 1.7 during the first trimester ultrasound scan (11-13+6 weeks), to prevent the occurrence of pre-eclampsia or small for gestational age at birth.
This trial is conducted in Europe. The aim of this trial is to assess and compare the efficacy and safety of two dose levels of somatropin over a long period (till final height is reached). This trial is an extension to trials GHRETARD/BDP/14/NL (a 2-year initial trial) and GHRETARD/BPD/20/NL (a 2-year extension trial).
Intrauterine growth restriction is the term used to describe a condition where an unborn baby does not reach its optimum size. In the short and long term, intrauterine growth restricted babies have a higher risk of serious disease and even death. It is well established that very low levels of oxygen in the baby's blood can harm the baby's health through a state known as oxidative stress. Currently, there is no established treatment available to treat intrauterine growth restriction or its complications. In experimental animal studies however, the naturally occuring hormone, melatonin, has been shown to significantly reduce oxidative stress and improve health of the unborn babies that have suffered from intrauterine growth restriction. This study aims to find out if the use melatonin twice per day throughout pregnancies affected by intrauterine growth restriction will lower the level of oxidative stress experienced by the unborn baby. If this is the case melatonin may help protect the unborn baby from damage caused by oxidative stress, this will be studied in a separate future study.
Although first reports of the clinical use of adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRC) suggest that this approach may be feasible and effective for soft tissue augmentation, there is a lack of randomized, controlled clinical trials in the literature. Hence, this study aimed to investigate whether a novel protocol for isolation of ADRC and their use in combination with fat tissue improve the long-term retention of the grafts in patients with craniofacial microsomia.
The study evaluates the efficacy of providing weekly iron-folate (IFA) supplements or Multiple Micronutrient (MM) supplements before pregnancy in increasing birth weight and duration of gestation as well as maternal and infant iron status.