View clinical trials related to Endothelial Function.
Filter by:Purpose: Energy drinks (EDs) are nonalcoholic beverages whose main ingredients are sugar, taurine, and caffeine. Their consumption is rising worldwide, with only few conflicting studies examining their vascular effects in young adults. We evaluated microvascular reactivity (MR) before and after ED in young healthy male volunteers. Methods: Systemic MR was evaluated in the skin of the forearm using laser speckle contrast imaging with acetylcholine (ACh) iontophoresis before, 90 and 180 minutes after the consumption of one can of ED or the same volume of water (control), followed by postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH).
To evaluate the efficacy of arginase inhibition on endothelial function in humans with obesity.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a cluster of disorders that affect heart and blood vessels, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world and is responsible for 17.9 million deaths annually worldwide. CVD risk factors can be modifiable (nutrition, physical activity, obesity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes) and non-modifiable (age, gender, ethnicity, family history and socioeconomic status). Chronic exposure to CVD risk factors induces oxidative stress and promotes inflammation. In addition, endothelial cells in response to the inflammatory reaction secrete growth factors, leading to the destruction of vascular endothelium and promoting atherogenesis. Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant compounds, with predominance of the pro-oxidant ones. Reactive Oxygen Species overproduction has been implicated in pathogenesis and complications of numerous diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, endothelium consists of a single layer of endothelial cells; it is the natural barrier between blood and tissues and also an endocrine organ. It plays a key role in vascular homeostasis by maintaining a balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction and is responsible for fluid filtration, blood vessel tone, hormone trafficking, hemostasis, regulation of blood flow and growth of blood vessels. Thus, reductions in endothelial function are detrimental and predict and precede the development of overt CVD. Sesame belongs to Pedaliaceae family and can be consumed in different forms such as seeds, oil or tahini, i.e., a 100 % peeled, ground and roasted sesame paste. Tahini is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, vitamin E and lignans, such as sesamin, sesamolin and sesamol. Recent studies have indicated that tahini consumption can lower blood pressure and pulse rate and improve endothelial function and glycemic response in healthy males postprandially. However, only two studies are available in the current literature concerning the effect on diabetes, one of them in patients with type 2 diabetes and one in diabetic animal model. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of tahini consumption on oxidative stress, blood pressure, endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes postprandially.
Exercise is a cornerstone of health care helping to improve and maintain a good organ functionality, including vascular function, in health and disease. About twenty years ago, the introduction of high-intensity training has been a milestone in the evolution of exercise therapy by demonstrating the trainability of individuals independent of age and state of disease. Today, its practical implementation still faces barriers, such as lower physical and mental tolerance of exercise, long-term adherence and lack of individualization of training for optimal adaptations. The proposed project is the logical next step to introduce non-linear periodized exercise training (NLPE), a method widely established in elite athletes, in exercise training of sedentary individuals. NLPE alternatingly involves person-centred periodization of training cycles and regeneration with high-intensity stimuli. It induces a broader range of physiological adaptations than moderate-intensity training while keeping a high compliance and without increasing the risk of overreaching. A study of patients with chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease and a study with resistance training of older adults indicated promising pulmonary and muscular effects. However, the effectiveness of NLPE to maintain and improve vascular function has not yet been assessed, although this may carry a huge clinical and socioeconomic potential by contributing to the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. VascuFit applies an 8-week training intervention to assess the effects of NLPE on the function of the vascular endothelium, measured by the non-invasive gold-standard method brachial arterial flow-mediated dilation (baFMD), in a sample of sedentary aging adults with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, it will be the first study to measure training effects on a cluster of micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) regulating key molecular pathways of endothelial (dys-)function. Thus, VascuFit aims to explore the potential of clinical and molecular biomarkers for the monitoring of individual vascular adaptability to a specific type of exercise. As a first step, this pilot-project is supposed to deliver proof-of-concept. Furthermore, it will generate important hypotheses to be addressed by exercise physiologists, medical professionals and biologists concerned with the optimization of individual training adaptations as well as utility and implementation of targeted training approaches in the health care of aging adults. VascuFit aims to demonstrate the potential of NLPE as a training regimen to improve vascular function in sedentary individuals with elevated cardiovascular risk. This project may be the initial spark to raise exercise training to the next level, which is clearly necessary to sustainably strengthen the vascular capacities of "young" aging individuals.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a cluster of disorders that affect heart and blood vessels, is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world and is responsible for 17.9 million deaths annually worldwide. CVD risk factors can be modifiable (nutrition, physical activity, obesity, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes) and non-modifiable (age, gender, ethnicity, family history and socioeconomic status). Chronic exposure to CVD risk factors induces oxidative stress and promotes inflammation. In addition, endothelial cells in response to the inflammatory reaction secrete growth factors, leading to the destruction of vascular endothelium and promoting atherogenesis. Oxidative stress refers to the imbalance between anti-oxidant and pro-oxidant compounds, with predominance of the pro-oxidant ones. Reactive Oxygen Species overproduction has been implicated in pathogenesis and complications of numerous diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and chronic kidney disease. Moreover, endothelium consists of a single layer of endothelial cells; it is the natural barrier between blood and tissues and also an endocrine organ. It plays a key role in vascular homeostasis by maintaining a balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction and is responsible for fluid filtration, blood vessel tone, hormone trafficking, hemostasis, regulation of blood flow and growth of blood vessels. Thus, reductions in endothelial function are detrimental and predict and precede the development of overt CVD. Sesame belongs to Pedaliaceae family and can be consumed in different forms such as seeds, oil or tahini, i.e., a 100 % peeled, ground and roasted sesame paste. Sesame seeds are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, proteins, vitamin E and lignans, such as sesamin, sesamolin and sesamol. Recent studies have highlighted the antioxidant, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic and appetite control properties of sesame seeds and sesame oil. Regarding the consumption of tahini and its effect on human health, only three studies are available in the current literature, one of them in patients with type 2 diabetes, one in diabetic animal model and one in Alzheimer's disease animal model. Thus, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of tahini consumption on oxidative stress, blood pressure, endothelial function and arterial stiffness in healthy males postprandially.
The main purpose of this study is to determine if exercise preserves vascular function during hyperglycemia. All subjects will consume a sugary beverage three times daily for seven days. Subjects will be randomly assigned to either the glucose with (GLU+EX) or without (GLU) structured exercise group.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is the main mechanism which leads to atherosclerosis, where the balance between pro and antioxidant factors results in a decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Xanthine OxidoReductase (XOR) is one of the main generators of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Uric acid (UA), a major antioxidant in human plasma and end product of purine metabolism, is associated with cardiovascular diseases since many years; however the precise mechanisms which relate UA to ED are still not well understood. The purpose of this study is to unravel the XOR and UA pathways involved in ED. Three groups of participants (young (< 40 y) male healthy participants [1] ; male and female helthy participants (40 to 65 y) [2] and patients with primary hypertension [3]) will be exposed to febuxostat (a strong and selective XOR inhibitor), or recombinant uricase (which oxidizes UA into allantoin) to vary UA levels and concomitantly control for confounding changes in XOR activity. Oxidative stress will be estimated by several markers. Endothelial function will be assessed by a laser Doppler imager in the presence of hyperthermia and endothelium stimulators. This study is specifically designed to untie the respective effects of UA and XOR pathways on oxidative stress and endothelial function in humans. The investigators will test the following hypothesis: 1. An extremely low level of uric acid after uricase administration induces endothelial dysfunction and oxydative stress, 2. A specific XO inhibitor limits unfavourable effects of the serum UA reduction elicited by uricase administration, 3. Endothelial function and oxydative stress are further improved with febuxostat as compared to placebo, 4. All these observations are more marked in hypertensives then in older participants than in young healthy subjects.
Background: There is epidemiological evidence or link ambient air pollution exposure to the incidence of dementia. Aims or hypotheses: It is hypothesized that reduction in indoor pollutants from air purification improves endothelial function and carotid intima thickness in older diabetic people with cognitive impairment. Subjects and method: People with clinically diagnosis mild cognitive impairment or early dementia will be recruited. After obtaining written consent, the subjects will be assessed cognitive function and arterial health. After baseline measurements, the subjects are randomly assigned to have either filter or no filter installed in the air purifier. The air purifier will be placed in living room of the household of the subject for one year. At one year, the measurements will be repeated. Statistical analysis: Intention to treat analysis will be adopted.
The purpose of this randomized controlled field trial is to determine whether a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) stove and fuel distribution intervention reduces personal and kitchen exposure to household air pollutants and improves cardiopulmonary health outcomes when compared to usual cooking practices with open-fire biomass-burning stoves in adult women aged 25-64 years.
Investigation of 4 weeks supplementation with Carnipure® tartrate on endothelial function and parameters of recovery after physical exertion.