View clinical trials related to Drug Use.
Filter by:Specific Aim 1: To determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of PHCC physicians regarding appropriate prescription of antibiotics in the outpatient setting. Hypothesis 1a: PHCC physicians will have adequate theoretical knowledge regarding use of antibiotics for upper respiratory tract infections. Hypothesis 1b: Despite adequate theoretical knowledge, fear of complications of untreated infection and patient demand and expectations will drive inappropriate antibiotic prescription for upper respiratory tract infections Specific Aim 2: To test the effectiveness of a comprehensive multi-component intervention in a cluster randomized trial upon rate of antibiotics prescription for upper respiratory tract infections in individuals aged > 2 years presenting to primary care by PHCC physicians Hypothesis 2: Compared with a single intervention, a comprehensive multi-component intervention package will be associated with a significant reduction in inappropriate antibiotic prescription. Investigators will conduct this study in the Primary Healthcare Center (PHCC) setting in Qatar. Investigators will identify four large PHCCs from the existing active centers. The study has 2 parts. Part 1 corresponds to specific aim 1 and comprises of a KAP survey which will be carried out in all four PHCCs and will include all physicians. Part 2 corresponds to specific aim 2 and is a cluster randomized clinical trial in which Investigators will randomize the four PHCCs into two groups. First group (2 PHCCs) will receive training in appropriate documentation of infections and antibiotics prescription and will continue to provide usual care. Second group (2 PHCCs) will receive the comprehensive multi-component intervention, which consists of four elements: 1. Option for deferred prescription fulfilment; 2. Education of staff regarding appropriate uses of antibiotics, 3. algorithm-driven decision support tool, 4. Feedback on individual and group performance.
This study intends to conduct a secondary analysis of the data from the investigation on the status quo of anti-drug rehabilitation work and management needs in Guangdong Province.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of a social network intervention to recruit people who inject drugs and their networks for HIV testing and linkage to HIV prevention and treatment services in Maryland. Study aims are to determine the effectiveness of a social network driven intervention to increase: - HIV testing (primary); - PrEP knowledge; - Uptake of HIV services and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP); - Uptake of medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) initiation. Eligible participants who access syringe service programs (SSPs) serving two counties in Maryland and their risk network members (NMs) will be recruited using an established network inventory and coupon recruitment method. When an index successfully recruits NMs, the index-NM cluster will be randomized to either a peer-educator intervention arm or an equal-attention control arm. Index participants randomized to the peer-educator intervention arm will complete a training program adapted with stakeholder input to context that emphasizes effective communication, frequent HIV testing, and awareness of evidence-based HIV prevention and treatment services. An important innovation to the network intervention will be training indexes to use and distribute HIV self-test kits and naloxone to their NMs. Index participants randomized to the equal-attention control arm will receive training sessions focused on the opioid overdose epidemic and will not include any training to serve as a peer educator. All participants (indexes and NMs) will complete study assessments at baseline and at 3 and 9 months. We will compare the peer-educator intervention group and the equal-attention control group on rates of HIV testing, knowledge of PrEP options and resources, and rates of initiation of HIV treatment, PrEP, and MOUD treatment since the previous assessment (past 3 or 6 months).
This study will evaluate the effects of a parenting intervention for Hispanic sexual minority youth in preventing/reducing drug use and depressive symptoms. It will also examine whether the intervention improves parent social support for the adolescent, parent acceptance, family functioning, and whether it reduces general stress and stress associated with being a Hispanic sexual minority.
Depending on the YASAM project which was established to home-visit evaluate community-dwelling older adults (80 years of age and over), we aimed to determine the prevalence (prevalence) of geriatric syndromes (dependence, frailty, malnutrition, depression, dementia, comorbidity burden, polypharmacy) in these individuals and to determine possible changes in the follow-up of the patients during the 2-year follow-up period. (HEAVEN trial)
The purpose of this study is to evaluate a stepped care behavioral intervention for HIV medication adherence and substance use ("Khanya") integrated into an HIV primary care setting in South Africa. The intervention is specifically designed to be implemented by non-specialist counselors with lived substance use experience (i.e., peers), using a task sharing, stepped care model in local primary care clinics. The Khanya stepped care package will be compared to usual care, enhanced with referral to a local outpatient substance use treatment program (Enhanced Standard of Care - ESOC) over 12 months.
The main objective of this study is to show that People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) suffering initially from a major depressive disorder, a psychotic disorder and/or had a suicide risk and who received a community-based psychiatric intervention improve sustainably their mental health and are comparable after intervention to a population of PWID free of these disorders in terms of: - HIV/HCV exposure - Severity of substance use - Quality of life This is prospective one-year cohort study comparing 200 PWID diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder with 400 controls (200 PWID living with HIV and 200 PWID non-infected with HIV, both free of a diagnosis of depression, psychosis, suicidal risk at cohort initiation). Psychiatric intervention includes free psychiatric consultations and medications (issued on CBO sites), support from CBO members for appointments, information, treatment adherence, contact with families and tracing of those lost to follow-up. Target population and controls will also be proposed linkage to care (HIV, methadone) and harm reduction services.
This observational retrospective study aims to learn about the incidence of acute kidney (AKI) injury in newborns in infants exposed to nephrotoxic drugs with a big data approach. The main question it aims to answer are: - Develop a model that can predict the occurrence of AKI in infants admitted to the NICU; - Identify the drug or combination of drugs associated with an increased risk of AKI. The group of infants exposed to drugs will be defined based on exposure for at least 1-day tone one or more therapies commonly used in the NICU. Once the AKI event has occurred, the observation of the trend of daily creatinine and diuresis values will be continued for the period covered by the study.
The study was conducted to investigate whether 20 mg omeprazole capsules manufactured by PT. Dankos Farma for PT. Hexpharm Jaya is bioequivalent to its reference product, 20 mg Losec® capsules manufactured by AstraZeneca AB, Sweden, imported by PT. AstraZeneca Indonesia.
A controlled pre-post design study on Take it Personal! has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the frequency and severity of youth use of alcohol, cannabis or other illicit drugs. Take it Personal! is an existing indicated prevention programme for substance use in youth with a mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning that addresses each participant's high-risk personality traits for substance abuse. The current Take it Personal! programme is further developed and optimized in collaboration with relevant stakeholders. In particular, the investigators aim to integrate personalized daily diary monitoring in the programme so that trainers can monitor client progresses closely and gain insights into change mechanisms, providing starting points for therapeutic efforts in programme sessions. The investigators conduct a series of case studies with a non-concurrent multiple baseline design to evaluate the effectiveness of Take it Personal!. The baseline lengths are randomly determined, and therefore the start of the intervention is staggered across participants.