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Filter by:A five-year prospective observational cohort study. The study is focused on observing the relation between static germline variants and therapeutic response in Indian children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The project is an International multicenter setup. This collaborative research project between Switzerland and India includes one main center in Geneva that has conceptualized, designed, received grants for the study and two investigating centers in India (Puducherry and New-Delhi) involved in study design, patient care and recruitment for this specific study. All the participants for the study will be recruited form these two centers in India, and no patient recruitment is planned at main center i.e. Geneva. The study will be conducted in two phases. The first aims to investigate genetic predisposition (static germline variants) to early chemotherapy treatment related toxicities (TRTs). The second aims to investigate somatic genetic markers associated with the efficacy of steroid treatment among patients undergoing the standardized IciCLe-ALL-14 treatment protocol. A total of 500 children with ALL will be recruited to investigate primary objective of the study i.e. TRT, and a subset of 250 patients will be included to investigate another research question i.e. response to steroid therapy.
Cough after lobectomy is common. The prevention and treatment of cough after lobectomy is not standardized. Breztri Aerosphere is often used to relieve cough. Therefore, we conduct a single center placebo-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative use of Breztri Aerosphere in relieving cough after lobectomy.
Preterm birth (PTB) is a major challenge to perinatal health. It accounts for 75% of perinatal deaths and more than 50% of long-term neurological disabilities. Neonates born preterm are also at risk of significant comorbidities, for example respiratory distress syndrome, chronic lung disease, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular haemorrhage and sepsis in the short term, as well as cerebral palsy, motor and sensory impairment, learning difficulties, and increased risk of chronic disease in long run. Twin pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of PTB when compared to singleton pregnancy. The National Vital Statistics reveals the PTB rate is 8.2% and 60.3% in singleton and twin pregnancy respectively in 2018. The mechanism of PTB in twin pregnancy is not completely understood and may be different from that of singleton pregnancy. At present, there are no good strategies to prevent PTB in twin pregnancy. In singleton pregnancy, metformin has been used for the treatment of gestational diabetes in pregnant women with obesity/ overweight or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The rate of PTB of pregnant women with PCOS is significantly lower after using metformin. A decreasing trend of PTB is also noted after metformin use in obese pregnant women without PCOS. There is no study to investigate the effect of metformin in twin pregnancy. Premature uterine and amnion stretching in twin pregnancy can trigger preterm labour by increased prostaglandin synthesis and interleukin-1, activation of activator protein-1, expression of connexin-43 and stimulation of stretch dependent focal adhesion signaling. Inflammation is another risk factor for PTB. Metformin is an anti-inflammatory agent which can suppress inflammatory cytokines production and downregulate AMP-activated protein kinase medicated connexin-43 and nuclear factor κB activation. Anti-inflammatory actions of metformin can also reduce production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines through inhibition of NFκB activation in macrophages. Another possible mechanism to prevent PTB is the inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1,which has a role in the timing of birth, by AMP-activated protein kinase. Therefore, metformin can be potentially used to prevent PTB in twin pregnancy. However, its effect in twin pregnancy has not been studied. The objective of the study is to determine if the use of metformin in twin pregnancy can prevent PTB.
Gastroenteroscopy diagnosis and treatment drugs need to meet the needs of quick onset, quick recovery and less anesthesia complications. Remimazolam is an anesthetic sedative independently developed by China. It is a new short-acting GABA(A) receptor agonist. Remimazolam has the advantages of rapid onset, rapid recovery, antagonist, controllable degree of cardiovascular and respiratory depression, low incidence of hypotension and respiratory depression. However, elderly patients as important and special patients, there are still a lack of relevant studies and reports. In order to verify the safety and effectiveness of remimazolam in the gastroenteroscopy treatment of elderly patients, it can reduce the incidence of intraoperative hypotension or respiratory depression rate, improve the quality of recovery of elderly patients.
BACKGROUND It is estimated that around 71 milion people live with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This may lead to the development of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Liver cirrhosis is considered as one of the most common risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is seventh most common cancer worldwide. The treatment of HCV with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has led to the increase of sustained virological response (SVR) rates to more than 90%. It is suggested that the virus eradication reduces, but not eliminates the risk of HCC. This concerns especially patients with liver cirrhosis or previous HCC history. There are reports of early occurrence of HCC after the DAA treatment. Therefore, patients undergoing successful HCV treatment should be monitored for the possibility of hepatoccelular carcinoma occurrence. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study the investigators aimed to assess the occurrence of HCC after direct acting antiviral HCV treatment and evaluate whether the course of HCC and liver function differ among the population of patients treated with DAAs and those who were not receiving the therapy with DAA. MATERIAL AND METHODS This is the observative, cohort, retrospective study which will be performed in several clinical centres in Poland. The inclusion criteria are: hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis, age >18 years old. The investigators will collect both epidemiological (age, gender, comorbidities, alcohol abuse) and clinical data (serum bilirubin, alanine, aspartate aminotransferase, platelets, gammaglutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-fetoprotein level, Child-Pugh and MELD score, imaging tests, liver biopsy and elastography, if performed). In all patients, the HCV infection and co-infections will be assessed. In those who underwent the DAA treatment, the composition of the therapy and response to the treatment will be evaluated. Statistical analysis will be performed in subgroups of patients undergoing DAA treatment and without the therapy. The distribution of continuous variables will be analysed by the Shapiro-Wilk test. Quantitative data will be analysed using the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA when appropriate. Qualitative data will be compared using the χ² test or the Fisher exact test. Correlations between quantitative variables will be assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. P value will be set at <0.05. FUNDING: No remuneration is provided for participation in the study
The purpose of the present study is to examine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of "tobacco-free" oral nicotine pouches, at various doses and flavors, in healthy adult smokers. The study will utilize a within-subjects, double-blind design. Upon enrollment, participants will complete 7 dosing conditions: tobacco-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose), mint/menthol-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose), and fruit-flavored pouch (low or high nicotine dose); participants will also complete a condition where the participants will smoke participants' preferred brand of cigarettes. In each experimental session, participants will complete 2 product-use bouts. In bout 1, the participants will use a single product (pouch or cigarette) for a fixed period under controlled conditions. In bout 2, participants will be given 2 hours to use participants' assigned product ad libitum.
There is a drug-related death crisis in Scotland. This study aims to collaborate with Public Health Scotland in order to assess the feasibility of introducing a surveillance system to the Emergency Department to highlight illicit drug-related attendances. This will utilise both clinical data and toxiclogical analysis of anonymised samples. The data will inform of prevalence, trend data and utcome of ED patients attending with acute illict drug toxicity.
this study is aimed to evaluate and compare the pulp response to ACTIVA BioACTIVE Base/Liner and MTA as pulpotomy medication in primary teeth.
This study is seeking to find the optimal microdose or low dose of psilocybin (magic mushrooms) that provides general enhancements to mood, memory, sleep, and other measures of general well-being without any hallucinogenic effects.
The study is designed to evaluate the effect of parenteral glutamine supplementation on infection in burn patients.