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Filter by:Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a new therapeutic tool used in psychiatry. Non-invasive, well tolerated and requiring no premedication, it is performed on an outpatient basis. The principle of this technique is to stimulate the cerebral cortex from an electromagnetic coil placed on the scalp. Unlike electroconvulsive therapy, rTMS induces an electrical current on a well-defined region of the cerebral cortex. In psychiatry, this technique is mainly considered in the treatment of depressive disorders resistant to antidepressant medication. The brain target, obtained from brain imaging data in depressed patients, is the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recognized the interest of rTMS for treating depressive disorders (October 7, 2008). However, some stimulation parameters still need to be optimized before rTMS can be considered a therapeutic method in its own right and used routinely. Indeed, its effectiveness over time has not yet been evaluated, and rTMS has shown a lack of reproducibility between subjects [Foucher, 2007]. Finally, the therapeutic results of rTMS are very modest whatever the study [Daskalakis, 2008]. Additional studies are therefore needed to optimize stimulation parameters.
This project aims to evaluate and establish evidence for a novel, group-based intervention that can help people with cognitive limitations due to mental or neurodevelopmental disorders to improve their ability to manage time and organize activities. This might provide an important step towards establishing healthy life habits, getting or maintaining employment, and managing family life. Time management is a necessary skill for maintaining healthy life habits and daily occupations in modern society. People with limited cognitive function due to, for example, mental or neurodevelopmental disorders, have documented difficulties in time management, which is also related to issues with self-efficacy. Common interventions for persons with poor time management are time-assistive devices and products, but studies show that these devices alone are not enough to cover these people's needs. Structured training is needed, but there is a lack of structured interventions to enhance time management skills. The intervention program "Let's get organized" (LGO) is a manual-based group intervention aiming to enhance time management, targeted to persons with mental or neurodevelopmental disorders. In a recent feasibility study the LGO showed promising results. This project aims to evaluate to what extent the LGO intervention is effective in improving time management, and satisfaction with daily occupations. The proposed project is a randomized-controlled trial carried out in ten psychiatric units in Sweden. Participants (n=104) will be randomly assigned to either LGO group intervention or individual Occupational Therapy intervention for ten weeks .The primary outcome of the study is self-reported time management measured by the Assessment of Time Management Skills. Secondary outcomes are occupational balance, self-efficacy, parental competence and cost-effectiveness.
Millions of sport related concussions (SRC) occur yearly in the United States, and current diagnosis of concussion is based upon largely subjective clinical evaluations. The objective of this study is to determine whether urinary metabolites are significantly altered post SRC. Urine of 26 athletes will be analyzed pre-injury and after SRC by 1H NMR spectroscopy. Data will be analyzed using multivariate statistics, pairwise t-test, and metabolic pathway analysis. Variable Importance Analysis based on random Variable Combination (VIAVC) was used to select what features are present out of 224 features. Partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed leading to separation between pre-season and post-SRC groups. A Receiver Operator Curve (ROC) curve will be constructed to classify the features. Pathway topology analysis will also be completed to determine biological pathways are potentially affected following SRC.
The aim of the study is to examine symptomatology, quantitative sensory test (QST) parameters, muscle tenderness and muscle hardness in migraine patients interictally and compare with healthy controls
Background: Physiotherapists (PTs) in primary health care manage patients with a large variation in medical diagnosis, age, functional status, disability and prognosis. Lack of knowledge and systematically collected data about patients treated by PTs in primary health care has prompted this longitudinal observational physiotherapy project in Norway. This paper aims to describe a method for developing a database of patients managed by PTs in primary health care to study patients' characteristics, treatment courses and prognostic factors. The study is a longitudinal observational project, following patients through physiotherapy treatment periods in primary health care in Norway and until one year after inclusion. The project involves both private practice and municipally employed PTs working in primary health care in eight municipalities in Norway. The participants are recruited to three different parts of the project depending on age and whether they are referred to a private practice or a municipally employed PT. All data are recorded electronically, transferred and stored securely. All patients complete extensive questionnaires providing information about demographics, disability and function, pain related variables, treatment and evaluation of treatment as well as clinical tests. The PTs have access to their own patients' data. The investigators have also prepared for linkage to national patient registers and population-based studies to be able to gather further important data. This project will have important implications for physiotherapy services in primary health care. The database already contains almost 3000 patients, and data collection is ongoing. Preliminary analyses suggest that the patients included so far are representative of the larger population of patients treated by private practice or municipally employed PTs in Norway. This large scale prospective physiotherapy project will provide knowledge about the patient groups treated, treatment given as well as short and long term outcome of the patients.
Two-part study consisting of a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, study at two target dose levels (Part 1) and an open-label, non-randomized study (Part 2) to determine the efficacy of ABX-1431 in treating adult patients with Tourette syndrome or Chronic Motor Tic Disorder as measured by the change from baseline in Total Tic Score of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS-TTS) compared with placebo.
To investigate the Mycoplasma pneumoniae-specific circulating antibody-secreting cell (ASC) response and Mycoplasma pneumoniae-specific interferon (INF)-γ-secreting T cell response, along with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serology, in a cohort of children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and controls.
Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) will complete one functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) scanning visit. Prior to the scan, individuals will receive a nasal spray of either 24 international units (IU) of oxytocin (OT), or placebo (PBO). During the scan, they will perform the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST), a social stress task. Subjective craving and anxiety data will be collected.
Youth depression and anxiety represent a serious public health concern, with affected youth often experiencing social, familial, and academic impairment. Research evidence supports a growing array of effective treatments for youth depression and anxiety, yet as the collection of evidence-based treatments expands, so do the challenges of utilizing the evidence: clinicians must be able to (1) access, integrate, and apply the available evidence, and (2) engage in a collaborative process with each family to develop a plan that is responsive to each family's unique characteristics, preferences, and goals. Engaging caregivers and youths as active collaborators in the treatment planning process is a patient-centered approach with the potential to improve the process and outcome of youth mental health care by facilitating the personalization of established evidence-based treatment approaches. Such collaboration, frequently referred to as shared decision-making (SDM), is a hallmark of evidence-based practice and a key feature of federal guidelines for health care delivery. However, despite growing rhetorical support for SDM, empirical support is lacking, particularly in the area of youth mental health treatment. The absence of such research is unfortunate, given the potential for SDM to facilitate the dissemination and implementation of evidence-based treatments, and to personalize the use of established treatments to increase acceptability, retention, satisfaction, and overall effectiveness. The present project tests the feasibility and acceptability of SDM through a pilot randomized controlled trial of 40 youths (ages 7-15) meeting diagnostic criteria for an anxiety or depressive disorder. The trial will compare an evidence-based treatment that is planned collaboratively with youths and caregivers using the SDM protocol, to an evidence-based treatment that is planned by the clinician and supervisor using pretreatment assessment data. Eligible youths will received up to 26 treatment sessions at no cost and complete assessments prior to the start of treatment, at the end of treatment, and six months following the end of treatment.
The study evaluates the efficacy of 3 weeks of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), 5 sessions/weekly, in reducing cocaine consumption immediately after and within the 8 weeks following the treatment in addicted patients with cocaine use disorders (CUD) versus placebo.