View clinical trials related to Disease.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to learn if measures of brain chemicals from a brain scan called Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy (MRI/MRS) and brain activity (known as cortical excitability and inhibition) collected by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) are different in adolescents with depression who are in different stages of treatment. Researchers are conducting this study to learn more about how the brain works in adolescents with depression and without depression (healthy controls). This is important because it may identify a biological marker (a measure of how bad an illness is) for depression that could one day be used to identify depressed adolescents who would benefit from certain treatments (medications for example) or to monitor how well treatments are working.
The main objective of the trial is to evaluate, how long an antipsychotic relapse-prevention should be continued and to which time a patient with schizophrenia is protected enough, so that a withdrawal or reduction of the medication seems appropriate. Relapse is defined as primary outcome.
The purpose of the study is to assess the safety of single doses and multiple doses of a new formulation of RPL554 in healthy subjects and subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.
The efficacy of high-intensity Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for social anxiety disorder is well established (Mayo-Wilson et al., 2014) and it is recommended by the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) as the first-line psychological intervention for social anxiety disorder. The treatment aims to modify several maintenance factors (e.g., self-focused attention) that are specified in cognitive models of social anxiety disorder (e.g., Clark & Wells, 1995). Cognitive-behavioural self-help treatments for social anxiety disorder have been developed to overcome various accessibility issues (e.g., long wait-lists, and the patient's need to avoid social situations, etc) associated with high-intensity CBT (Abramowitz et al., 2009; Carlbring et al., 2007) but a recent network meta-analysis (Mayo-Wilson et al., 2014) identified the former as less cost-effective than the later and thus, they are not recommended as standalone treatments. However, the potential benefit of cognitive-behavioural self-help treatments for social anxiety disorder within a stepped-care recovery model as a prelude to high-intensity CBT has not been formally evaluated. The aim of this study is to evaluate a seminal Cognitive-Behavioural Bibliotherapy* (CBB; "pure self-help" book) - 'Overcoming Social Anxiety & Shyness' (Butler, 2009) - for patients with social anxiety disorder while on the wait-list for high-intensity CBT within an Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) service, and to determine if some patients recover from CBB alone or whether there may be a reduction in the average number of high-intensity CBT sessions for those patients who subsequently require further treatment. The study is funded by Constable & Robinson, Kellogg College (University of Oxford) and Talking Change (Solent NHS Trust). * The Reading Well Books on Prescription scheme with funding from the Arts Council England enables general practitioners (GPs) and mental health professionals to prescribe seminal CBBs for patients with mood and anxiety disorders. The books are accessed free of charge via local libraries. The scheme works within NICE guidelines and it is support by the Royal Colleges of GPs, Nursing and Psychiatrists, the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies and the Department of Health through its IAPT programme.
The purpose of this study is to establish a cohort of pregnant women with severe mental disorder and to identify biological and psycho-social transmission mechanisms involved in the development of 'risk' and 'resilience' in the offspring. It is assumed that both 'resilient' and 'risk' development in offspring are caused by a complex interaction between multiple biological, psychological and social factors. The project focuses specifically on exploring the impact of physiological stress-sensitivity, attachment, care-giving and the familial and social context for care-giving. Previous studies support these factors as important for the development of these infants, but systematic research using a prospective design is needed to strengthen evidence and elucidate the importance of these factors in more detail. The interaction over time of physiological stress-sensitivity, attachment, care-giving and the familial and social context for care-giving are evaluated in terms of the evolution of very early indicators of developmental risk and resilience in infants with a known highly increased risk for developing a mental disorder.The findings of the study may potentially lead to more specific targets for preventive interventions, which can improve developmental outcome for these infants.
To evaluate the efficacy of EDG004 compared to placebo for the treatment of adult patients with GAD, diagnosed by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Ed. (DSM-5) and confirmed by the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 7.0). Efficacy will be measured by a statistically significant greater mean reduction from baseline compared to endpoint in anxiety symptoms as measured by the total score of the clinician-rated Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) for the EDG004 treatment group compared to placebo.
Tipepidine (3-[di-2-thienylmethylene]-1-methylpiperidine) has been used solely as a nonnarcotic antitussive in Japan since 1959. The safety of tipepidine in children and adults has already been established. It is reported that tipepidine inhibits G-protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK)-channel currents. The inhibition of GIRK channels by tipepidine is expected to modulate the level of monoamines in the brain. We put forward the hypothesis that tipepidine can improve attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms by modulating monoaminergic neurotransmission through the inhibition of GIRK channels. The purpose of this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is to confirm whether treatment with tipepidine can improve symptoms in pediatric patients with ADHD.
This study is being carried out to learn more about the effects of Therapeutic Horseback Riding (THR) for children and adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This treatment is very popular and horseback riding for children and adults with disabilities has been used as a form of therapy in the United States for over forty years. However, very little research has been done to find out whether or not THR is effective as a therapy for children with an ASD. This study is being done to see if THR will improve the agitation behaviors, coordination, and communication skills of children and adolescents with an ASD. This study is also being done to find out if the horse is necessary for children and adolescents with an ASD to improve.
The purpose of this study is to assess the usability of the Janssen Autism Knowledge Engine (JAKE) as a system to monitor clinical outcomes in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (severe abnormalities in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These abnormalities are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements).
3D high resolution anorectal manometry (3DHRAM) is the most precise tool to assess function and 3D topographic picture of pressures along the anal canal. Until now, it has been used only in adult population to evaluate defecatory disorders. Congenital anorectal disorders are severe conditions and may present wide spectrum of symptoms from gastrointestinal tract. The usefulness of the 3DHRAM hasn't been evaluated in children after surgery for anorectal disorders such as Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal malformations. It may help for better understanding of pathophysiology of anorectal area and allow for planning improved procedures in these patients. Moreover, the investigators study may elucidate the real usefulness of the procedure in management of disorders of gastrointestinal tract in pediatric population.