View clinical trials related to Disease.
Filter by:This study uses positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to measure kappa opioid receptors (KOR) in the brains of individuals with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The investigators propose to recruit 45 drug-naïve individuals, N=15 patients with PTSD, N=15 trauma-exposed, but asymptomatic healthy control subjects (TC) and N=15 non-trauma exposed healthy control subjects (HC) to participate in one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and one PET study. The investigators will also carefully document trauma history, and collect behavioral and neuroendocrine measures to provide a more integrative view on the neurobiology of PTSD and its phenotype. The investigators predict PTSD will show greater carbon - 11 (11C)[11C]LY2795050 volume of distribution (VT) (i.e. KOR binding) values than control populations in an a priori defined PTSD circuit.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether initial triaging to physiotherapists of patients with musculoskeletal disorders who seek health care from primary care clinics affects the patients health and/or health care utilization differently than initial consultation with a general practitioner.
Treatment adaptation and implementation study for adult jail inmates with co-occurring substance use disorders.
1 out of 8 children, adolescents, and young adults suffer from an anxiety disorder. Studies over the past decade show that selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a class of medication that treats anxiety in adults, also works well in young adults, children, and adolescents with anxiety disorders, but only for about 50%. 50% will have undergone treatment for several months before it will be established that the medication is not working to treat the anxiety. The purpose of this study is to find a test that will predict treatment outcome from the beginning based on behavioral and biological measures.
Background: - People with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often have problems with motivation and rewards. . Omega-3 fats have helped symptoms of ADHD improve in children. Researchers want to learn more about the brain activity of people with ADHD and see how taking omega-3 fats might help. Objective: - To learn more about how omega-3 fats affect brain activity and ADHD symptoms. Eligibility: - Adults age 18 55 with ADHD symptoms. Design: - Participants will be screened with medical history and review of medical records. - For study visit 1, participants will have a medical examination and be interviewed to confirm they have ADHD. They will have an IQ test and give blood and urine samples. Height, weight, and blood pressure will be measured. They will also need to sign consent to agree to take part in the study. They will be asked to complete a food diary for 4 days - For visit 2, participants will give a blood sample. They will complete questionnaires about their mood and ADHD symptoms.. They may give a blood or saliva sample for genetic testing. - Participants will have a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. They will lie on a table that slides in and out of a metal cylinder. It makes loud noises; participants will get earplugs. This scan examines the structure of the brain. - Participants will have a functional MRI scan. This scan measures the function of the brain while the volunteer is performing tasks in the scanner. They will stop ADHD medications 48 hours before this scan. - Participants will receive key-lime flavored omega-3 smoothie mix or placebo to takeevery day - For visit 3, participants will give blood samples and complete questionnaires. - For visit 4, participants will be weighed and have a blood test and MRI scans as per before. They will repeat the questionnaires and will guess whether they received the omega-3 or placebo.
The overarching goal of this study is to build the most cost-effective adaptive implementation intervention involving a site-level implementation intervention strategy: Replicating Effective Programs (REP), and the augmentation of REP using either External Facilitation or a combination of an External and Internal Facilitation to improve patient outcomes and the uptake of an evidence-based program for mood disorders (Life Goals-LG) in community settings.
Social cognition impairment is critical to the pathology and morbidity of a number of psychiatric disorders, including the schizophrenia spectrum, the autism spectrum and the personality disorders, thus representing a dimension consistent with RDoC. As such, this study aims to a) further characterize the unique deficits in social cognition (recognition and interpretation of social cues and representation of thoughts, intentions, and feelings of others) across disorders, including the schizophrenia spectrum (which includes schizophrenia, SCZ, schizoaffective disorder, SAD, bipolar disorder, BD, and schizotypal personality disorder, SPD), the autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD) compared to healthy controls (HC); b) assess the effect of intranasal oxytocin (OXT) as a regulator and novel treatment of social cognition impairment in these disorders; and c) enhance our understanding of the specificity and exact mechanisms of impairment to inform the accurate dosing of OXT required to modulate social cognition in these disorders and identify a model of optimum social cognitive function. Addressing these questions will further catalyze research into a model of optimum social cognitive activity, and accelerate industry development of agents suited to routine clinical administration.
The study goal is to examine whether the use of an objective computerized neuroassessment (the Quotient System) for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is related to improved outcomes among pediatric patients being assessed and treated for ADHD.
The purpose of this study is to determine if ziprasidone is safe and effective for the treatment of children and adolescents (ages 10-17) with bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed).
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one the most prevalent mental disorders among children and adolescents, with a prevalence of 5% in western culture. The basics of the disorder: inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive behaviors that manifest in a variety of settings causing a dysfunction in everyday life. ADHD can be subdivided into three sub-types: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive/impulsive or combined type. Common co-morbidities of ADHD are disruptive disorders; Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) being the major one with about half of children with the combined sub-type ADHD and about a quarter of children with the predominantly inattentive also suffering from ODD. Conduct disorder is a co-morbidity for about a quarter of children with the combined sub-type ADHD. The co-occurrence of these disorders is thought to have a negative effect on the outcome of both of them. Methylphenidate (MPH), short or long acting, is the mainstay of medical treatment for ADHD patients, it's efficacy proven in a variety of studies. It should be noted that MPH has also been proven to have a beneficial effect on children with disruptive behaviors. For children with disruptive disorders Risperidone is the mainstay of medical treatment, and has been proven in clinical trials. To the best of their knowledge, a "head to head" study comparing these two drugs for the treatment of pediatric patients with ADHD and co-morbidity of disruptive disorders was never done before. The investigators aim is to examine the efficacy and tolerability of MPH vs. Risperidone in this population. In addition, the investigators will apply DSM5's cross cutting symptom measures scales is order to further define this unique subset of patients. Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD) is a new diagnosis in the latest version of the diagnostic and statistical manual (DSM5). It's main features: sever recurrent temper outbursts that are inconsistent with developmental level and occur on average three times a week, the outbursts occur in at least two settings and the mood between outbursts is irritable or angry. This diagnosis is in the differential diagnosis of ADHD with disruptive disorders.