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Filter by:Even though borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly co-occur, few studies have examined PTSD treatment among individuals with BPD. Additionally, many PTSD research studies exclude individuals with BPD due to their complexity and concerns regarding risk. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Cognitive-Processing Therapy Group (an evidenced-based treatment for PTSD) for individuals with these co-occurring disorders following completion of a Dialectical Behavioural Therapy Program (an evidenced-based treatment for BPD). The investigators are using a repeated measures pre and post design. Data will be collected prior to participants starting the CPT group, throughout the duration of the CPT group (i.e., weekly), and following the completion of the CPT group.
Several independent evaluations have supported the effectiveness of the Secret Agent Society (SAS) Program in improving the social-emotional functioning of children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in clinic- (Beaumont & Sofronoff, 2008; Tan, Mazzucchelli & Beaumont, submitted), school-(Beaumont, Rotolone & Sofronoff, in press; Einfeld et al., submitted) and remote Skype/telephone-assisted delivery contexts (Sofronoff, Silva & Beaumont, in press).The present study aims to extend on the above literature by conducting a 6-month randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness, utility and acceptability (including cultural acceptability) of the Secret Agent Society (SAS) social-emotional skills training program. Specifically, the study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the SAS Program for 8-12 year-old children with social difficulties in the context of a range of diagnosed mental health conditions and/or developmental disorders, including anxiety disorders, ADHD, and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
The primary purpose of the present study is to evaluate the diagnostic validity of eye tracking measurements acquired during viewing of socially-relevant stimuli in predicting ASD diagnosis. The secondary purpose was to explore the potential prognostic value of eye tracking measures through cross-sectional associations with non-verbal cognitive ability. Deficits in eye gaze are a hallmark sign of autism. A large and growing body of research supports the ability of eye-tracking based measurements to sensitively discriminate individuals with ASD and healthy participants. These investigations have identified that the core deficit in autism as disruption of social attention, reflecting an inability to appropriately engage and track socially- and emotionally-relevant aspects of the visual world. Thus, eye gaze tracking, acquired during viewing of socially-relevant stimuli, may be a useful approach to identifying objective markers of ASD. Eye tracking also carries the advantages of being less intrusive and expensive than MRI and genetic testing and specifically focuses on the core neurobehavioral characteristics of ASD - abnormalities in social attention. After diagnosis of ASD, key clinical tasks in young children involve determining an accurate prognosis and tracking the progress of early interventions. Currently, the only prognostic indicators are clinical observations (subjective and expensive) and non-verbal cognitive ability testing (difficult to acquire, time-consuming, unavailable in many settings). Recently, eye gaze tracking was found to predict functional outcomes. Thus, in addition to being an objective marker for ASD, eye tracking measurements have potential to be useful for predicting cognitive and functional outcomes. Similarly, the only available methods for tracking treatment progress are parental reports (highly subjective), clinical observations (subjective and expensive), and cognitive measurements (expensive and unavailable in many settings. This study will evaluate, using cross-section data, the potential for eye tracking data to serve as a proxy for non-verbal cognitive ability scores in determining prognosis for ASD-affected children. Additionally, this study will evaluate the test re-test reliability of eye tracking parameters that can potentially be used to track treatment progress.
Psychological treatments are effective, but take a long time and can be burdensome. Therefore, avenues to optimize behavioral treatments are needed. Despite important advancements, neuroscience has had a limited effect on psychotherapy development. Therefore, one paradigm shift would be to develop neuroscience informed behavioral treatments. The investigators identified from the literature a problem that affects several mental disorders (emotion dysregulation) and a neural circuit that underlies this important concern. They found that this circuit is dysfunctional in those with psychopathology but can be changed with treatment. The goal is in one session to train this brain network to operate more efficiently and to test the short and long term effects of this intervention. The investigators plan to engage this brain network using a traditional psychotherapy strategy (cognitive restructuring) and to enhance learning using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), a neuromodulation technique through which magnetic stimulation enhances the electrical activity in brain areas close to the scalp. The study team proposed two studies to examine this novel approach, In one of the studies 83 participants were enrolled and 47 eligible participants were divided into 3 groups. All participants were trained in emotion regulation by first being asked to remember an event where they experienced a negative emotion and then being instructed either to think differently about the event, or to wait. Participants simultaneously underwent either active (left or right side of brain) or sham rTMS. In a second study 65 participants were enrolled, and 31 were assigned to either active left or sham rTMS guided using neuroimaging results. Across both studies, the investigators measured regulation in the lab and during a-week long naturalistic assessment. Participants in the second study returned for a follow up neuroimaging visit at the end of this week. Participants returned for a one moth follow up assessment and to rate feasibility, acceptability, and provide feedback. This proof of concept set of studies demonstrated feasibility and preliminary efficacy for this approach, which opens new frontiers for neuroscience informed treatment development.
The purpose is threefold: Assess the anxiety reduction, the mood positive effect and the rise of quality of life when using methods of relaxation combined with virtual reality with patients suffering from generalized anxiety disorder in comparison of the effect of traditional relaxation therapy. Observe and evaluate the effect of perceived presence in synthetic environments in the virtual experience of relaxation. Evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of stereoscopy during exposure to relaxing virtual environments for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. It is a comparative, randomized, two groups study (29 in each group): - Relaxation optimized virtual reality - Classical relaxation (without Virtual Reality). The protocol comprised for each groups 7 relaxing sessions (with or without virtual reality epending on the group). Each session lasted for approximately 30 to 35 minutes, including a 5-minute pause between immersive trials, in order to avoid cyber sickness in the virtual reality group. Expected results: a measurable therapeutic improvement produced by the combination of relaxation and virtual and its additional effect when compared to the traditional treatment. Measurements of variables and therapeutic effects will be carried out with psychometric measures. The creation process of the relaxing virtual environments has already been completed. The virtual environments are ready for use. The apparatus needed and in our possession include: - A laptop for generating virtual environments - A stereoscopic display - Apparatus for physiological measurements
Visual disorders are often overlooked in the treatment of cognitive disorders of the elderly. Yet the visual deficit impacts the quality of life, the evolution of the autonomy and psycho-behavioral disorders in cognitive diseases. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of visual disorders among elderly patients at consultant outpatient center of Nantes clinical gerontology as part of the consultation geriatric memory. Secondary objectives are to describe ophthalmological diseases detected and taken into the proposed ophthalmic load, to determine if there are associations between eye diseases and cognitive disorders, to estimate the proportion of patients who may have an ophthalmologic evaluation to determine the cognitive profiles and geriatric evaluation and ocular pathological, depending on the assessment of arterial stiffness. The results of this study will build a testing strategy to promote access of older patients with cognitive impairment to vision care.
Post-surgical opioid prescribing intended for the short-term management of acute pain may lead to long-term opioid use, and its associated harms. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of prolonged post-surgical opioid use, and patient-related factors associated with prolonged post-surgical opioid use.
This is a Phase 2, single center, single-dose, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-way crossover study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of SST-6007 in women with FSAD. A sufficient number of participants will be enrolled to yield 30 (approximately 15 pre-menopausal and 15 post-menopausal) participants to complete the SST-6007/Placebo Double-Blind, Dosing Phase of the study (Visit 2 and Visit 3).
Women in general and young girls in particular are constantly exposed to unhealthy body and appearance ideals through media that contribute to body dissatisfaction and unhealthy behaviors such as rigid dieting, which in interaction with genes and other factors increase the risk of developing eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. The investigators aim is to investigate the extent to which an interactive prevention program, delivered through Internet, called the Swedish Body Project (sBody Project) can decrease the emergence of eating disorders among young females. The sBody Project is based on a "Dissonance-Based Intervention: (DBI)" that has shown very promising results. The adaptations and changes in the format of delivery accomplished in this study might help to disseminate the program on a broad basis, and consequently affect the health of young females on a much larger scale the ever before.
This study evaluates whether prospective pharmacogenetic testing is cost-effective in affecting clinical treatment outcomes in patients with early-phase psychosis.