View clinical trials related to Diarrhea.
Filter by:Several studies have shown the beneficial effect of zinc treatment in acute diarrhea. There was a significant reduction in duration of the treated episodes and in their severity as measured by diarrheal stool output or frequency. Zinc is a potentially important immunomodulator or nutraceutical which may have great impact as therapeutic agent in conditions like diarrhea and pneumonia. The issue is whether and how zinc should be introduced in primary health care programs for treatment of acute diarrhea. A practical, sustainable intervention for introduction of zinc as treatment of acute diarrhoea in national programs is therefore required. This study aimed to address this issue.
Use of zinc in diarrhea may be an effective intervention to reduce hospitalizations and child mortality as it could reach the most vulnerable children in a community and reduce severity of not only diarrhea but also of associated infections. It might also potentially reduce antibiotic use. We conducted a pilot study prior to conducting a community based controlled effectiveness trial to assess whether addition of zinc as a therapeutic modality for diarrhea delivered through existing channels, reduces visits to health care providers, antibiotic and other drug use, and increases ORS use during diarrhea.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether Smecta® is more effective than placebo with respect to time to recovery following an acute diarrhoea episode.
There are currently no interventions available to substantially reduce the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) apart from increasing the age at marriage, maternal iron supplementation and possibly improved energy intakes. The current view of the medical and public health community in India is that the immediate focus should be on promoting survival and development of low birth weight infants who have nearly a 6 to 7 fold higher mortality during infancy than those with normal birth weight. Low serum zinc is associated with increased incidence of diarrhea and pneumonia. There is sufficient evidence in under-threes that during acute illness, zinc supplementation (1-2 recommended dietary allowance [RDA]) reduces incidence of all episodes of diarrhea, severe diarrhea and pneumonia. A number of initial published trials also show significant effect of zinc treatment on pneumonia. With the large and consistent effects of zinc supplementation on the incidence and severity of infections, an effect on child mortality is likely. Available literature suggests the distinct possibility of reduced neonatal and infant mortality in LBWs receiving 1 RDA of zinc daily. A pilot study in India showed a 54% reduction in mortality in LBW infants. These findings were based on a very small sample and therefore considered insufficient to change policy. A positive impact in the proposed study will provide an important tool for reduction of infant mortality which is currently stagnant and government acceptance for such a program is likely to be very high. We, the researchers at the Society for Applied Studies, believe this study has the potential for decreasing infant mortality from its current level.
Zinc deficiency is common in developing country children, as food intakes are often low, foods from animal sources are infrequently used, the bioavailability of zinc from staple cereal-based diets is limited and zinc losses occur during recurring diarrheal illnesses. Zinc deficiency is associated with impairment in immunological and other defenses against infection and increased rates of serious infections. Due to limitations in currently used biochemical markers, supplementation trials in populations likely to be deficient provide a reliable means of assessing health consequences of zinc deficiency. A significantly lower incidence and prevalence of diarrhea has been observed in zinc supplemented developing country children in several placebo-controlled trials. The effect of routine zinc supplementation on lower respiratory tract infection is still unclear. We, therefore, evaluated the impact of daily zinc supplementation in a representative sample of children aged 6 to 30 months enrolled from a New Delhi slum area, with a sample size sufficient to determine the impact on the incidence of severe diarrhea and acute lower respiratory infection.
Children, aged 1 months to 23 months, in the intervention households received zinc, iron and folic acid and those in the control households were administered iron and folic acid (IFA) alone for a period of one year. The primary outcomes were hospitalizations and deaths during this period.
This is placebo-controlled study of three rifaximin doses in patients with DIBS. Subjects will be randomized to receive daily doses of placebo BID, rifaximin 275 mg BID, rifaximin 550 mg BID, or 1100 mg BID for 14 days. These four groups will subsequently receive an additional two weeks of placebo for a total of 4 weeks of treatment. A fifth group of subjects will receive rifaximin 550 mg BID for a period of 28 days. Subjects who successfully respond to treatment at the end of the 28-day Treatment Phase will be followed in a Post-treatment Phase that includes study visits during Weeks 6, 8, 12 and 16. Subjects who relapse during the Post-treatment Phase will be discontinued from the study.
The purpose of this study is to assess the treatment and safety of a 10-day course of rifaximin (Xifaxan) as compared to vancomycin for treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD).
Primary objective: - To demonstrate the efficacy of a Bacillus clausii probiotic strain compared to placebo in children suffering from acute diarrhoea and treated for 7 days. Secondary objective: - To evaluate the clinical safety of the Bacillus clausii probiotic strain versus placebo.
RATIONALE: Eating a diet low in residue (fiber, fat, and certain milk or vegetable products) may help prevent or reduce diarrhea caused by pelvic radiation therapy. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying a low-residue diet to see how well it works compared to no dietary intervention in treating diarrhea in patients who are undergoing radiation therapy to the pelvis for uterine, cervical, or prostate cancer.