View clinical trials related to Diagnosis.
Filter by:Globally, tuberculosis (TB) is one of the main causes of death and the leading cause from a single infectious agent. In 2020, an estimated 9.9 million people developed TB and 1.5 million died. Millions of people remain undiagnosed with TB, hindering efforts to end TB. TB tests have inadequate accuracy or performance characteristics for implementation across all populations and settings. None of the tests meet the WHO-Target-Product Profile for TB screening and most need specialized laboratory staff and infrastructure, making them unsuitable for primary health care (PHC). The overall aims for this project are to: 1. Accelerate the introduction/adoption of TB diagnostic tools and test combinations at PHC, for the timely detection of TB and improved linkage to treatment 2. Develop conditions for sustainable and equitable access to TB diagnostics tools and test combinations within PHC, 3. Strengthen global alliances and national partnerships to enable scale-up. The study is split into two major Phases. This application is focused on Phase 1. Specific Phase 1 objectives are to: 4. Evaluate the performance of selected TB diagnostic tools, and 5. Identify TB test combinations that increase the proportion of people diagnosed with bacteriologically confirmed TB. Methods in Brief: Activities will be conducted in Bangladesh, Brazil, Kenya, Cameroon, Malawi, Nigeria, and Vietnam. Each country will study selected priority populations at risk of TB, including adults attending PHC centers and district hospitals; people living with HIV (PLHIV); marginalized populations (internally displaced, refugees and pastoralists), and children. Activities within countries will use standardized protocols for evaluating diagnostic tests and combinations.
Tuberculosis is the 13th cause of death from all causes, infecting roughly the 25% of the world population, and Ethiopia is listed among the 30 high-burden countries both for TB and for HIV/TB. In recent years, the immediate consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic was a large fall in the number of newly reported TB cases indicators that represent a relevant drawback in the pursue of the 2025 End TB Milestones. For active case investigation of TB close contacts, WHO recently recommended the use of Computer- aided detection (CAD), a technology that can help chest X-ray interpretation in situations of human resources constrains, and it may be cost-effective in low-resource settings. Also, for tuberculosis diagnosis, widely-available GeneXpert on stool samples showed high diagnostic performances in term of both sensitivity and specificity. It is important to assess alternative modalities that could improve diagnosis during TB contact investigation in Ethiopia and the other countries where TB represents a crucial burden.
Endometriosis is a frequent pathology with an estimated prevalence of 10% of women of childbearing age. There is no exact correspondence between the symptoms described by the patients and the severity of the lesions, which makes clinical diagnosis difficult. It therefore seems important to improve the complementary examinations available to make the diagnosis more precise and to better study the effectiveness of the treatments implemented. The clinical examination and per-surgical findings of patients with deep pelvic endometriosis show a clear decrease in the mobility of the pelvic organs in relation to each other, but few studies have looked at this mobility, which could however have an implication in explaining the pathophysiology of the disease and the symptomatology of the patients, as well as in the detection of lesions preoperatively. The persistence of hypo-mobility could also help to understand treatment failures.
To investige the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of adrenogenic autonomic cortisol secretion in Chinese adults.
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing rapidly, with patient numbers projected to rise to 643 million by 2030. As a consequence of diabetes-related atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and in particular medial arterial calcification (MAC) can occur. The accurate identification of PAD by bedside tests is extremely important in patients with diabetes and foot ulceration, in order to reduce delayed wound healing, prevent lower limb amputation and eventually reduce mortality. However, as shown in previous systematic reviews, the performance of current bedside tests is not reliable in excluding PAD in diabetic patients.1,2 Moreover, the methodological quality of the conducted studies is generally poor. Therefore, more reliable and prospective data is required. Also alternative bedside tests need to be investigated. As an example, the ACCmax (a new doppler derived parameter) could be particularly promising in this patient group.
Urinary bladder tumors with a frequency of 13000 new cases a year, have a heterogeneity in terms of survival according to the stage of local flooding. This is an aggressive tumor because of the potential muscular infiltration. It seems important in this case (muscular invasion), to increase the global survival. The anatomopathological analysis of the TURB (biopsy byTrans-Urethral Resection of the Bladder) is actually the gold standard for the pathology of bladder tumor. No need an imaging to discuss about the small and non muscular invasive tumor. But in most cases, the use is to perform at last an ultrasound or a CT-Scan, specially for the invasive tumor. A lot of studies show that CT SCAN. is not the best way of investigation for the bladder muscle invasion. However, as in the prostate cancer with the PIRADS Score, the MRI can be useful for the bladder, thanks to the sequence improvement to the machine. The study from Panebianco 2018, starts to talk about the MRI in the urinary bladder cancer with new radiological terms. It creates a new score called VIRADS score (as the PIRADS score already used for the prostate cancer). But it is never compared with the results of the TURB. Our study compares the results of the MRI pre operative versus the pathology results on prospective analysis. Main objective : T tumoral score in urinary bladder tumor : MRI versus pathology results. Secondary objectives : the contribution of diffusion weighted MRI in the bladder neoplasm. Type of study : interventional study, prospective, mono centric, single arm, intent-to-treat
Standards Echocardiographic have been defined mainly on caucasian or Asian populations. In the EchoNoRMAL study the criteria for African populations were based solely on data from 198 subjects. This study suggests the presence of different standards depending on the ethnic origin of the subjects. The aims of this study is to describe the proportion of subjects reclassified (normal-pathological) according to the use of echocardiographic norm differences showed in TAHES population (Sub Saharian Africans) with those routinely used
This experiment is designed to analyze the metabolites in body fluids from patients with active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection also with health volunteer, then combine the metabolic product features with clinical characteristics, to develop a kind of metabolites targets to evaluate the progress in tuberculosis, thus provide a basis for further utilization of humoral metabolites in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Serious pneumonia is a serious inflammation of the lungs caused by various pathogens, resulting in severe bacteraemia or toxemia, which in turn causes blood pressure drop, shock, blurred consciousness, restlessness, delirium and coma, etc., and requires intensive care and treatment in intensive care unit (ICU) because of its seriousness. There is an upward trend in the number of clinically immunosuppressed host patients, including long-term use of glucocorticoids for rheumatoid immune diseases and kidney diseases, tumor chemotherapy, organ transplantation, etc. A huge risk for these patients is the diagnosis and treatment of infections, especially lung infections. We have previously observed a significant increase in mortality from severe pneumonia in immunosuppressed patients, and our recent analysis of 204 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia found that low lymphatic counts, immunosuppression, etc. were independent risk factors for death in patients. Early diagnosis and timely treatment are the main means to reduce the mortality rate of severe pneumonia. CD55 is an important complement regulatory protein that inhibits C3 and C5 activation by blocking the formation and accelerating the decay of new C3 and C5 convertases, both of which mediate the downstream action of all three complement activation pathways, and CD55 protects host cells from complement attack. Our previous study found that CD55 was significantly elevated in patients with severe pneumonia. Therefore, this project proposes "Early diagnosis of severe pneumonia based on combination of biomarkers with new generation pathogenesis and early clinical manifestations". It is proposed to validate the predictive effects of recently discovered markers such as CD55, HBP and CD64 on severe pneumonia through prospective single-center clinical studies, explore the establishment of new predictive models for early diagnosis of severe pneumonia, and optimize the diagnosis and treatment strategy of severe pneumonia, and provide new ideas for accurate treatment of severe pneumonia.
This study will be observational study. The goal of this study is to evaluate the quality of mandible and to assess the correlation between the jaw bone quality in a sample of Egyptian patients with chronic renal failure and duration of dialysis using CBCT.