View clinical trials related to Diagnoses Disease.
Filter by:Early diagnosis of malignant tumors is pivotal for improving their prognoses. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood and Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath are newly developed diagnosis method. Due to the low percentage of CTCs in peripheral blood of cancer patients and the surface structure of lymphocytes (especially megakaryocytes) is often confused with tumor cells, CTC has a high false positive and negative rate. In recent years, the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath as a simple and noninvasive method has shown broad application prospects in the diagnosis of various diseases. A series of studies of VOCs diagnosing solid tumors the investigators had conducted in the past decade show that VOCs can not only distinguish different types of tumors, but also can make a distinction between different stages. This study was to compare CTC and VOCs with clinical samples. Predictive models will be built employing discriminant factor analysis (DFA) pattern recognition method. Sensitivity and specificity will be determined using leave-one-out cross-validation or an independent blind test set.
Bacterial meningitis occurs in about 3 people per 100,000 annually in Western countries. .
Background: Dynamic balance keeps the vertical projection of the center of mass within the base of support while the center of mass moves. The age-related decrease in dynamic balance is a risk factor for falls. Dynamic balance tests are used to predict the risks for falls and eventual falls but the psychometric properties of most tests assessing dynamic balance are unsatisfactory and comprise no actual loss of balance while walking. Objectives: Using beam walking distance as a measure of dynamic balance, we will determine the psychometric properties, lifespan and patient reference values, the relationship with selected 'dynamic balance tests', and the accuracy of beam walking distance to predict falls. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study will examine healthy adults in 7 decades (n=432) at 4 centers. Center 5 will examine patients (n=100) diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and balance disorders. At Test 1, all participants will be measured for demographics, medical history, grip and leg strength, short physical performance battery, static balance on a force platform, and dynamic balance using beam walking (4m-long, 4, 8, and 12 cm wide) under single (beam walking only) and dual task conditions (beam walking while concurrently performing an arithmetic task). In addition, cognitive function (global cognition, attention, executive function, processing speed, memory) will be assessed. Patients and healthy participants age 50+ will be additionally measured for fear of falling, history of falls, miniBESTest, functional reach on a force platform, timed up and go, and reactive balance. At Test 2, 7-10 days after Test 1, healthy adults young and age 50+ (n=40) will be re-tested for reliability of beam walking performance. All participants age 50+ will be re-called to report fear of falling and fall history 6 and 12 months after Test 1. Conclusion: The investigators expect to find that beam walking performance vis-à-vis the traditionally used balance outcomes predicts more accurately fall risks and falls.
Malaria during pregnancy remains an important public health issue in endemic countries. Most cases of malaria in pregnant women are asymptomatic, and can contribute to adverse outcomes, such as maternal and neonatal anaemia as well as low birth weight. Infections that do not cause symptoms (sub-clinical infections) - particularly in low transmission settings -remain difficult to diagnose during pregnancy but can contribute to adverse outcomes e.g. growth restriction, premature birth, miscarriage and stillbirth. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) has supported the development of an HRP2-based high sensitivity rapid diagnostic tests (HS-RDT) that has analytical sensitivity ten times better than current RDTs and a sensitivity near 80% when compared to the 'gold standard' of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In this regard, the new HS-RDT may be a promising diagnostic and screening test for subclinical malaria during pregnancy. The overall aim is to compare the performance of novel high sensitivity rapid detection tests with conventional rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection in pregnant women in Papua New Guinea