Outcome
| Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
| Primary |
Glycaemic control |
Blood samples will be collected to be later performed a laboratory analysis regarding the HbA1c levels of each of the participants. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Systolic blood pressure |
Measurements will be performed using a blood pressure monitor (HEM-7320, OMRON, China). Measurement will be performed on each participant's arm, and then two more measures on the arm with the highest value, always with a 1-minute interval between measurements. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Diastolic blood pressure |
Measurements will be performed using a blood pressure monitor (HEM-7320, OMRON, China). Measurement will be performed on each participant's arm, and then two more measures on the arm with the highest value, always with a 1-minute interval between measurements. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Capillary blood glucose |
Capillary blood glucose will be measured from blood samples (0.6 µL of blood) collected from the participants' fingertips using disposable lancets and reagent strips (Guide Accu-Check, São Paulo). After collection, blood samples will be immediately analyzed by a portable glucometer (Guide Accu-Check, Roche, São Paulo, Brazil). |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13), and pre and immediately after an exercise session performed in the initial period of mesocycles 1, 2 and 4, in the IG participants (each mesocycle consists of 3 weeks). |
|
| Secondary |
Lower limb strength |
Lower limb strength will be measured by the 30-s chair stand functional test. The test will be performed in a chair standard, in which the participants will start seated with the feet flat the floor and the arms over the chest and will be instructed to stand up, standing completely, and soon after returning to the sitting position, repeating the crossed move as fast as possible. as many times as possible during 30s.The number of times the move is performed will be noted as a result of the test. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Upper limb strength |
Upper limb strength will be measured by the Arm Curl test functional. The test will be performed in a chair, in which the participants will start seated with their feet flat on the floor and trunk fully leaning on the chair, holding a dumbbell with the dominant hand, 2 kg for women and 4 kg for men. Flexion of the forearm is requested, followed by extension, this movement is repeated for 30 seconds.The number of correctly performed push-ups are counted. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Agility and dynamic balance |
Agility and dynamic balance will be measured using the time up and go (TUG) test. The test will start with the participants seated in a chair with a cone positioned in front of them 3 m away. Participants will be instructed to get up from their chair, walk as fast as possible without running, turn around the cone and return to the starting position. The shortest time of two attempts will be noted as a test result. In addition, the test will also be performed at usual walking speed. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Aerobic capacity |
To measure the aerobic capacity of the participants, 2 minute step test will be used. The test measures the maximum number of knee raises that the individual can perform in 2 minutes.At the signal, the participant will begin stationary gait (without running), completing as many knee raises as possible within two minutes. The minimum knee height will be at a midpoint between the patella and the anterior superior iliac spine. The evaluator will count the number of elevations of the right knee. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Flexibility |
To measure the flexibility of the lower limbs, the sit and reach (bank wells) test will be performed. Participants must be barefoot, then the will sit the base of the box, with the legs extended and together they will place one of the hands on the other and later will raise the arms vertically. When the evaluator gives the signal, the participant will lean the body forward and reach with the fingertips as much as possible on the graduated ruler, without bending the knees and without using rocking movements (insistence), the evaluator will record the result achieved. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Quality of life (QOL) will be verified using the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index |
Quality of life (QOL) will be verified using the EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index. The questionnaire was validated for the Brazilian population (PIRES et al., 2018). It consists of 8 items (general QoL, general health, energy, activities of daily living, self-esteem, social relationships, finances, and home); each item is answered individually, using a Likert-type scale, from 1 to 5 points. The score ranges from 8 to 40. A higher score indicates better individuals' perception of their QOL. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Sleep quality will be verified using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Self-report Questionnaire |
Sleep quality will be verified using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Self-report Questionnaire (PSQI). The questionnaire includes 19 questions about the individual's perception and five questions about the roommates' perception related to the participant's sleep (if applicable). These questions are grouped into seven components, with scores ranging from zero to three, where higher scores indicate worse sleep quality (BERTOLAZI et al., 2011). |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Depressive symptoms |
Depressive symptoms will be measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). This instrument was validated for the Brazilian population (SANTOS et al., 2013). It consists of nine questions with four answer options, and its purpose is to verify the presence of depressive symptoms in the last two weeks through a Likert-type scale from 0 to 3 points. The questionnaire also has the tenth question, referring to the interference of symptoms in daily life, and, in total, it is possible to have a score from 0 to 27, which indicates that the lower the score, the smaller the depressive symptoms. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Emotional stress related to diabetes |
The Brazilian version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Scale (B-PAID) (GROSS et al., 2007) will be used to analyze the emotional stress related to diabetes and the impact of diabetes and treatment on the study participants' lives. The questionnaire consists of questions focuses on the quality of life and emotional problems associated with living with diabetes and its treatment. A 5-point Likert scale produces a total score ranging from 0-100, where a high score indicates a high level of emotional distress. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Physical activity levels |
Physical activity levels will be measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire in its short version (IPAQ-C). It consists of eight self-completion questions in different domains: work, leisure, domestic activities, and physical exercise. Data are expressed in minutes, and the metabolic equivalent is calculated (1 MET: 3.5 ml/kg/min) (PARDINIA et al., 2001). |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Eating habits |
The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) will be applied to investigate eating habits, as used in a previous study (GERAGE et al., 2017). The questionnaire consists of a list of 16 foods. According to the Brazilian Food Guide guidelines, these foods will be classified into natural/minimally processed foods and processed or ultra-processed foods. The frequency of consumption reported by the participants will generate scores, where higher scores indicate better eating habits. |
Baseline (week 0) to Post-training (week 13) |
|
| Secondary |
Subjective perception of well-being |
The subjective perception of well-being will be analyzed through a simple question: "in your opinion, how much did participation in the project improve your sense of general well-being?". This question will present structured responses based on the 5-point Likert Scale, ranging from "dissatisfied" to "very satisfied." |
Post-training (week 13) |
|
