Clinical Trial Details
— Status: Completed
Administrative data
| NCT number |
NCT04236206 |
| Other study ID # |
RR-SMS4T2D-2020 |
| Secondary ID |
|
| Status |
Completed |
| Phase |
N/A
|
| First received |
|
| Last updated |
|
| Start date |
October 1, 2020 |
| Est. completion date |
April 10, 2021 |
Study information
| Verified date |
July 2022 |
| Source |
Alexandria University |
| Contact |
n/a |
| Is FDA regulated |
No |
| Health authority |
|
| Study type |
Interventional
|
Clinical Trial Summary
Diabetes is a chronic disease where type 1 diabetes (T1D) is due to autoimmune ẞ-cell
destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency, type 2 diabetes (T2D) is due to
a progressive loss of ẞ-cell insulin secretion frequently on the background of insulin
resistance. A third type-Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-is diagnosed in the second or
third trimester of pregnancy and was not clearly overt diabetes prior to gestation (American
Diabetes Association. Lifestyle management can enhance diabetes care and it includes diabetes
self-management education and support (DSMES), medical nutrition therapy, physical activity,
smoking cessation counselling, and psychosocial care. However, health systems cannot control
all the factors that influence a person's overall health, as physicians are unable to check
regularly what their patients eat or whether they properly adhere to their medications.
Pharmacists involved in DSMES can help patients achieve therapeutic and lifestyle goals. This
active participation requires that the pharmacist's practice extend beyond the traditional
role. Patients and care providers should work together to optimize lifestyle aspects through
the entire care process. Telemedicine "healing at a distance" signifies the use of
information and communication technology to improve patient outcomes by increasing access to
care and medical information. Using mobile and wireless technologies to achieve health
objectives (mHealth) can universally transform health services' delivery. Mobile phones can
easily reach population since they have exceeded other communication technologies in Low and
middle-Income countries (LMICs). The results of the present study will help the policy-makers
in the MOHP to understand the importance of creating healthcare systems that meet the needs
of patients and providers and develop DSMES strategy with the help of pharmacist educator and
using innovative mobile phone technology.
Description:
The global prevalence of diabetes among adults aged over 18 years old has increased from 4.7%
in 1980 to 8.5% in 2014 (Mathers & Loncar, 2006; WHO, 2018b). The World Health Organization
(WHO) estimates that diabetes was the seventh leading cause of death in 2016 (WHO, 2016; WHO,
2018a). Current national statistics show that around 17% of all Egyptian adults have
diabetes, and over 60% of diabetics receive no treatment (Eastern Mediterranean Regional
Office (EMRO), 2016). According to the WHO, there will be 6,726,000 cases of diabetes in
Egypt by 2030 (WHO, 2000).
Almost 45% of patients with T2D cannot achieve adequate glycemic control (HbA1c <7%). Poor
medication adherence in T2D is a common public health problem and is associated with poor
glycemic control, increased morbidity and mortality, and increased costs of outpatient care,
emergency room visits, hospitalization, and managing complications of diabetes (Polonsky &
Henry, 2016).
Pharmacists involved in DSMES can help patients achieve therapeutic and lifestyle goals. This
active participation requires that the pharmacist's practice extend beyond the traditional
role (Shane-McWhorter et al., 2009). Patients and care providers should work together to
optimize lifestyle aspects through the entire care process (Abaza & Marschollek, 2017).
In Egypt, the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) is partially implementing diabetes
education, mostly in outpatient clinics via educational meetings or counselling with
physicians/ nurses. Patients often report difficulty sticking to healthy lifestyles. They are
also liable to forget or ignore their physician's advice after leaving the clinic. Therefore,
they need an educational method that can easily reach them to make knowledgeable patients and
save the physician's critical time (Abaza & Marschollek, 2017).
According to the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT) in Egypt, up to
October 2019, there were 95.25 million mobile subscriptions as opposed to 8.72 million
fixed-line subscriptions (Ministry of Communication and Information Technology [MCIT], 2019).
Moreover, there were 38.67 million mobile internet users versus 7.17 million Asymmetric
Digital Subscriber Line subscriptions in the same month; the mobile internet users could
reflect the proportion of smartphone owners in the country (MCIT, 2019). In contrary to
mobile internet or smartphone applications, short message service (SMS) can provide a simple
way of communication reaching a larger population since almost all types of mobile phones
support them (Abaza & Marschollek, 2017).
