Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Clinical Trial
Official title:
Compliance to HIT-program at Home With the Use of Technology
High-intensity training (HIT) has showed beneficial effects in type 2 diabetics such as improved glycemic control, improved bloodpressure and more. In addition, HIT is a time-saving training protocol which is of importance, as lack of time often is mentioned as a reason not to train. The combination of the time-saving HIT-protocol and the possibility to train at home and still get feedback on the intensity and amount of training can be appealing for some. This study aims to investigate whether it is possible to train at the right intensity and frequency and only get feedback throug a technology.
Participants:
Patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes recruited through local papers and Facebook. The
participants receives both oral and written information before signing a written consent.
Pretest Each participant participate in a 1½ hour long pretest in which basic information is
collected. This information include gender, age, weight, height, diabetes-age, marital
status, medicine and education/job. Furthermore they complete two questionnaires; the
Diabetes Attitude Scale(DAS) and Health Literacy. The pretest-session ends with a VO2max
test to find the participants maximal heart rate and their maximal oxygen consumption.
Before leaving an appointment is made on when to get a visit at home with the purpose to get
instructions on how to train and get the equipment.
DAS The questionnaire consisted of 33 statements divided into subgroups. The participant is
instructed to consider each statement in terms of how much they agree with the statement and
they is instructed to answer all the questions. A higher score overall indicates a positive
attitude towards diabetes and the result can also be viewed as results in subgroups.
Health Literacy Health Literacy is found using the Danish TOFHLA (Test Of Functional Health
Literacy in Adults). The Danish TOFHLA consists of a 17-item numeracy part and 50-item
reading comprehension part. The numeracy part of the Danish TOFHLA assesses the
participant's ability to understand financial assistance, keep a clinical appointment,
understand instructions for taking medication, etc. In the Danish TOFHLA, the test of
reading comprehension is conducted as a modified cloze procedure in which random words are
deleted from a reading passage (31). In this case, every fifth to seventh word is deleted in
healthrelated reading passages, and the participant then selects the most fitting word from
a list of four possible words. The total scores for the Danish TOFHLA test are divided into
three levels: inadequate (score: 0-59), marginal (score: 60-74) and adequate (score 75-100).
VO2max Bicycle test to exhaustion with direct measurement of oxygen consumption by
Breath-by-breath on Masterscreen CPX. Warm-up for 5 min. on 50-75 watt followed by
incremental increase in intensity by 25 watt each minute until exhaustion. The test is
qualified as a VO2max test if Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) exceeded 1,1. Otherwise it
was categorized as a VO2peak.
Training The participants is instructed to train 3 times/week for 5 weeks. Before each
training a HR-sensor (Polar H7 Smart Bluetooth) is applied and connected to Endomondo via
their smartphone. The training consists of 10 x 60 sec work on a bike at an intensity of
~90% of max HR interspersed by 60 sec of recovery sessions. The HR used for training is
calculated based on the max HR found by VO2max test at pretest.
Feedback At Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays the participants gets feedback via Endomondo.
The feedback focuses on the intensity and frequency of training. If no training is logged
for a week the participant will be contacted through mail.
Interview At the end of the training period the equipment is obtained and a semi-structured
interview performed and taped on a dictaphone (app). The interview is classified into three
areas: The training, the use of the equipment and the feedback. The interview is then
transcribed and analyzed in NVIVO.
A phenomenological approach is chosen as the interest is focused on the individuals
experiences of the phenomenon and thereby describe the phenomenon
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