Lithium Versus Cariprazine in the Acute Phase Treatment of Bipolar Depression (DUAG9)

Depression, Bipolar Clinical Trial

— DUAG9  

Official title:

Lithium Versus Cariprazine in the Acute Phase Treatment of Bipolar Depression: a Pragmatic Head-to-head Open, Randomized Multicenter Study: The 9th Study of the Danish University Antidepressant Group (DUAG 9)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05913947
• Other study ID #: 2021-006706-69
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: December 13, 2022
• Est. completion date: September 2024

Study information

• Verified date: June 2023
• Source: Aalborg University Hospital
• Contact: Sanne V. Hovgesen, MD
• Phone: +45 25487706
• Email: sanne.hovgesen[@]rn.dk
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The goal is to study the effect of lithium compared to cariprazine in patients with depression in a bipolar disease.

The main question it aims to answer is:

Difference in change between the two groups from baseline to after 8 weeks treatment on Hamilton Ratings Scale for Depression, 6-item version (HDS-6)

Participants will be randomized to treatment with either lithium or cariprazin.

• Will meet for interview and ratings 4 times during study period.

• In two meetings, there will be made blood samples and ECG. At one meeting also a Urine sample.

• Will be contacted for telephone interviews at 6 occasions.

Description:

The primary aim is to investigate whether cariprazine is superior to lithium or vice versa in the acute treatment of patients with bipolar type 1 or 2 in a current depressive episode measured as change on the Hamilton Depression Scale, 6 item version (HDS-6) from baseline to 8 weeks of treatment. Secondarily, we aimed at comparing the two study medications on various other clinically relevant variables.

These include depressive and manic symptomatology, sleep patterns, general well-being, cognitive function, social functioning and suicidal ideation.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 122
• Est. completion date: September 2024
• Est. primary completion date: September 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 65 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• A diagnosis of bipolar disorder, type 1 or type 2, and a current episode of depression according to DSM-5

• Severity of depression: A score of at least 21 on the self-reported Major Depression Inventory (MDI).

• No start or dose increase of psychotropic medication (except for benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine-like drugs (zopiclone, zolpidem, and melatonin)) in the two weeks prior to inclusion.

• No new start of formalized psychotherapy sessions, excluding psychoeducation, during the 4 weeks prior to inclusion.

• Age criteria: Subjects must be at least 18 years old and below 65 at the time of randomization.

• The duration of the current depressive episode must be between 4 and 52 weeks as judged by the investigator at the time of randomization.

• Clinical uncertainty regarding which of the alternatives, cariprazine and lithium, would be the better choice in the specific case.

• Female participants should be sterile or non-fertile or, in case of being fertile, they must have a negative pregnancy test AND use safe anticonception.

• Signed document of informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prior or ongoing acute treatment of a depressive episode lasting > 14 days with either lithium or cariprazine as judged by the investigator.

• ECT within the current depressive episode.

• A score of MAS > 6.

• A diagnosis of dementia.

• High risk of non-adherence at the investigator's discretion.

• Not understanding the Danish language as judged by the investigator

• Psychiatric coercion in the form of forced admission or detainment OR sentence to forensic psychiatric care.

• Presence of clinically relevant delusions, hallucinations or other psychotic symptoms as judged by the investigator.

• Suicidality according to C-SSRS with a positive response to question 4 or 5 or upon investigator's discretion.

• Medical conditions like cancer, kidney failure, epilepsy, deep brain stimulation device, or other medical conditions interfering with study the outcome and safety as judged by investigator's discretion.

• Current harmful use or dependency of alcohol or drugs according to DSM-5.

• Known allergy to any of the substances in the study medication.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Bipolar Disorder
• Depression
• Depression, Bipolar
• Depressive Disorder

Intervention

Drug:
• Lithium
The starting dose (day one) of lithium citrate is 12 mmol (one tablet of lithium citrate contains 6 mmol lithium) given once a day before bedtime. On day three the dose is increased to 18 mmol. Dose adjustments are permitted after 7 days in a flexible manner to result in a 12-hour se-lithium between 0.6 and 0.8 mmol/l, aiming for the upper limit at the treating physician's discretion.
• Cariprazine
The starting dose for cariprazine is 1.5 mg daily in a single dose, and subsequently, after a minimum of two weeks, the dose can be increased to 3 mg and decreased again to 1.5 mg daily at the treating physician's discretion.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Denmark	Aalborg University Hospital	Aalborg

Sponsors (5)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Aalborg University Hospital	Mental Health Center North Zealand, Mental Health Center, Glostrup, Mental Health Department Odense, University Clinic, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Denmark, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in Hamilton Depressions scale, version 6 (HDS-6)	The primary aim is to investigate whether cariprazine is superior to lithium or vice versa in the acute treatment of patients with bipolar type 1 or 2 in a current depressive episode measured as change on the Hamilton Depression Scale, 6 item version, HDS-6. (Values 0- 22, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	8 weeks
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for HDS-17	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: Hamilton Depression Scale, 17 item version, HDS-17. (Values 0- 52, higher scores mean a worse outcome)	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-differences in HDS-6 for the PP 8 population	Difference-in-differences (baseline to 8 weeks) in HDS-6 for the PP 8 population.; Hamilton Depression Scale, 6 item version, HDS-6. (Values 0- 22, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	8 weeks
Secondary	Between-groups difference in proportion of responders and remitters in HDS-6 Scores.	Between-groups difference in proportion of responders and remitters at week 4 and 8 in HDS-6 scores.; Hamilton Depression Scale, 6 item version, HDS-6. (Values 0- 22, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and week 8
Secondary	Between-groups difference in proportion of responders and remitters	Between-groups difference in proportion of responders and remitters with response and remission defined by HDS-6 score without clinical relevant manic symptoms (MAS <7) at planned or premature endpoint.; Hamilton Depression Scale, 6 item version, HDS-6. (Values 0- 22, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Between-groups difference in the proportion of patients with 'acceptable wellbeing'	Between-groups difference in the proportion of patients with 'acceptable wellbeing', defined as the subject reporting =50 on the WHO-5 questionnaire at endpoint. WHO-five Well-being Index, WHO-5 (Values 0- 100, higher scores mean a better outcome).	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-groups difference in proportion of switches to mania/hypomania.	Between-groups difference in proportion of switches to mania/hypomania with or without mixed features, defined as mania/hypomania after DSM-5 or symptoms requiring treatment (switch or response occurring at any time in the study period)	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-groups difference in "(switch to mania or hypomania) / (response) -ratio",	Between-groups difference in "(switch to mania or hypomania) / (response) -ratio", defined as the number of subjects switching to mania or hypomania (as defined above) divided by the total number of responders, including those responders switching to mania	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group differences in reason for and time to all cause treatment discontinuation	Between-group differences in reason for and time to all cause treatment discontinuation (lack of effect, lack of tolerability, lost to follow-up, or other cause).	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in treatment compliance.	Between-group difference in treatment compliance. Treatment compliance is defined as the proportion of received treatments out of the planned until drop-out or end of study.	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in reasons for premature discontinuation	Between-group difference for the ITT population in reasons for premature discontinuation	up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for MAS	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: MAS Bech-Rafaelsens Mania scale .(Values 0- 44, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for MES	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: MES Bech-Rafaelsens Melancholia scale, MES .(Values 0- 44, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-differences for MADRS	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: MADRS Montgomery-Aaberg Depression Rating Scale, MADRS .(Values 0- 60, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for YMRS	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures:YMRS Young Mania Rating Scale, YMRS .(Values 0- 60, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-differences for ASRM-14	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures:ASRM-14 Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale-14, .(Values 0- 56, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-differences for MDI	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures:MDI Major Depression Inventory, MDI (Values 0- 58, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-differences for WHO-5 questionnaire	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: WHO-5 questionnaire.; WHO-five Well-beeing Index, WHO-5 (Values 0- 100, higher scores mean a better outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for SCIP	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: SCIP Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry, SCIP (Values 0- 64+, higher scores mean a better outcome)	Week 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for COBRA	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: COBRA Cognitive complaints in bipolar disorder Ratings assessment, COBRA, (Values 0- 48, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for FAST	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: FAST Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST (Values 0 - 72, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for PSQI	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures:PSQI PIttsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI (Values 0 - 21, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for CGI-S	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: CGI-S Clinical Global Impression Scale - Severity, CGI-S (Values 1 -7, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for CGI-I	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures:CGI-I Clinical Global Impression Scale - Global Improvement CGI- I (Values 1 -7, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for C-SSRS	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: C-SSRS Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale, C-SSRS (Values 1 - 5, higher scores mean a worse outcome).	Week 4 and 8
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for accumulated benzodiazepine dose	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: accumulated benzodiazepine dose as diazepam equivalents (DSKP)	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for time to all-causes discontinuation	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: for time to all-causes discontinuation	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Difference-in-difference for time to all-causes. all-causes study endpoint.	Difference-in-differences for secondary continuous measures: all-causes study endpoint.	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in reasons for time to all cause discontinuation.	Between-group difference for the ITT population in reasons for time to all cause discontinuation.	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in reasons for treatment expectation.	Between-group difference for the ITT population in reasons for treatment expectation.	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in reasons for adverse events.	Between-group difference for the ITT population in reasons for adverse events.	Up to 8 weeks
Secondary	Between-group difference in reasons for serious adverse events.	Between-group difference for the ITT population in reasons for serious adverse events.	Up to 8 weeks