Sarcopenia and Related Factors in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Following Intensive Care

Covid19 Clinical Trial

Official title:

Sarcopenia and Related Factors in COVID-19 Following Intensive Care

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Terminated

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05474157
• Other study ID #: 2020.221.IRB1.071
• Status: Terminated
• Start date: March 1, 2021
• Est. completion date: January 1, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: December 2020
• Source: Koç University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the patients who had pneumonia or severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 in terms of sarcopenia and related factors following Intensive Care Unit (ICU).

The patients who had COVID-19 infection in the ICU and the patients who admitted to the 'Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation' clinic for other reasons during the pandemic period will be compared in terms of sarcopenia.

Description:

Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) could develop muscle weakness associated with impairment of physical function defined as intensive care unit acquired weakness. Significant muscle loss occurs in the first week of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) hospitalizations due to acute respiratory failure. Patients lose 18 percent of their body weight when discharged from the ICU. The presence of sepsis is known as the hypercatabolic process for the muscles. Hypophosphatemia and hypomagnesemia can cause respiratory muscle weakness. Fever and inflammation, use of muscle relaxant or sedatives may also cause muscle loss in intensive care during this period.

COVID-19 is an acute infection with a high risk of enormous cytokine storm exacerbating the clinical condition in acute respiratory distress syndrome and is thought to further increase the risk of muscle weakness.

The patients will be evaluated for hand grip strength, calf circumference measurement, 'Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls' (SARCF), SarQoL, timed up and go test, sit to stand test, and Short form-36.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Terminated
• Enrollment: 30
• Est. completion date: January 1, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: January 1, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with ARDS or severe pneumonia due to COVID-19 hospitalized in intensive care unit

• > 18 years old

• Age and gender matched patients admitted to the 'Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation' clinic for control group

Exclusion Criteria:

• Other diseases that may cause sarcopenia (cancer, non-respiratory organ failure and heart, liver or kidney failure)

• Neurological diseases that may cause sarcopenia (stroke, spinal cord injury, muscle diseases)

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• COVID-19
• Covid19
• Intensive Care Unit Acquired Weakness
• Sarcopenia

Intervention

Other:
• Standard care treatment for COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit
Standard care for ARDS patients consisted of respiratory support, intravenous fluid therapy, medical treatment including anticoagulation and sedation, nutrition, change of position every 4 hours and if needed, hemodynamic support.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Turkey	Koc University School of Medicine	Istanbul

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Koç University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Turkey, 

References & Publications (14)

Bahat G, Oren MM, Yilmaz O, Kiliç C, Aydin K, Karan MA. Comparing SARC-F with SARC-CalF to Screen Sarcopenia in Community Living Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(9):1034-1038. doi: 10.1007/s12603-018-1072-y. — View Citation

Beaudart C, Biver E, Reginster JY, Rizzoli R, Rolland Y, Bautmans I, Petermans J, Gillain S, Buckinx F, Dardenne N, Bruyère O. Validation of the SarQoL®, a specific health-related quality of life questionnaire for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. — View Citation

Beaudart C, McCloskey E, Bruyère O, Cesari M, Rolland Y, Rizzoli R, Araujo de Carvalho I, Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan J, Bautmans I, Bertière MC, Brandi ML, Al-Daghri NM, Burlet N, Cavalier E, Cerreta F, Cherubini A, Fielding R, Gielen E, Landi F, Petermans — View Citation

Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruyère O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Visser M, Zamboni M; Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older Peopl — View Citation

Dodoo-Schittko F, Brandstetter S, Blecha S, Thomann-Hackner K, Brandl M, Knüttel H, Bein T, Apfelbacher C. Determinants of Quality of Life and Return to Work Following Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2017 Feb 17;114(7):103-109. doi — View Citation

Gerovasili V, Stefanidis K, Vitzilaios K, Karatzanos E, Politis P, Koroneos A, Chatzimichail A, Routsi C, Roussos C, Nanas S. Electrical muscle stimulation preserves the muscle mass of critically ill patients: a randomized study. Crit Care. 2009;13(5):R16 — View Citation

Herridge MS, Cheung AM, Tansey CM, Matte-Martyn A, Diaz-Granados N, Al-Saidi F, Cooper AB, Guest CB, Mazer CD, Mehta S, Stewart TE, Barr A, Cook D, Slutsky AS; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group. One-year outcomes in survivors of the acute respiratory di — View Citation

Kawakami R, Murakami H, Sanada K, Tanaka N, Sawada SS, Tabata I, Higuchi M, Miyachi M. Calf circumference as a surrogate marker of muscle mass for diagnosing sarcopenia in Japanese men and women. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2015 Aug;15(8):969-76. doi: 10.1111/g — View Citation

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991 Feb;39(2):142-8. — View Citation

Puthucheary ZA, Rawal J, McPhail M, Connolly B, Ratnayake G, Chan P, Hopkinson NS, Phadke R, Dew T, Sidhu PS, Velloso C, Seymour J, Agley CC, Selby A, Limb M, Edwards LM, Smith K, Rowlerson A, Rennie MJ, Moxham J, Harridge SD, Hart N, Montgomery HE. Acute — View Citation

Rantanen T, Volpato S, Ferrucci L, Heikkinen E, Fried LP, Guralnik JM. Handgrip strength and cause-specific and total mortality in older disabled women: exploring the mechanism. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003 May;51(5):636-41. — View Citation

Turan Z, Özyemisçi Taskiran Ö, Erden Z, Köktürk N, Kaymak Karatas G. Does hand grip strength decrease in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation? A cross-sectional study. Turk J Med Sci. 2019 Jun 18;49(3):802-808. doi: 10.3906/sag-1811-22. — View Citation

Yang M, Hu X, Xie L, Zhang L, Zhou J, Lin J, Wang Y, Li Y, Han Z, Zhang D, Zuo Y, Li Y, Wu L. Screening Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: SARC-F vs SARC-F Combined With Calf Circumference (SARC-CalF). J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018 Mar;19(3):277.e1 — View Citation

Yoo JI, Choi H, Ha YC. Mean Hand Grip Strength and Cut-off Value for Sarcopenia in Korean Adults Using KNHANES VI. J Korean Med Sci. 2017 May;32(5):868-872. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.5.868. — View Citation

* Note: There are 14 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Hand grip strength	Hand grip strength is an indicator of overall muscle strength that predicts mortality in older patients. Hand grip strength was measured using a handheld dynamometer according to the instructions of the American Society of Hand Therapists.Patients were seated placing their arms by their sides with the elbow flexed to 90°, the forearm mid-prone, and the wrist in neutral position. Patients were asked to grip the dynamometer with maximal effort using standard verbal encouragement. Three trials were performed in the dominant hand with a 30 sec rest between trials and the highest value was recorded in kg. The cut-off values of grip strength is 28.6 kg in men and 16.4 kg in women.	12 months
Secondary	Calf circumference measurement	Calf circumference which positively correlate with appendicular skeletal muscle mass could be used as a surrogate tool of muscle mass for sarcopenia. Adding calf circumference to SARC-F significantly improves the sensitivity and overall diagnostic accuracy of SARC-F in Chinese community dwelling older adults. Calf circumference of the patients was measured while patients in supine position, with left knee raised and calf at right angles to the thigh, using flexible plastic tape at the greatest circumference without compression of the subcutaneous tissue. The measurement were repeated 2 times and average value was recorded. According to 'European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People', calf circumference measure on the left leg for right-handed persons in a sitting position with the knee and ankle at a right angle and feet resting on the floor so we measured the left side for sarcopenia.	12 months
Secondary	SARC-F (Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs and Falls)	To evaluate sarcopenia SARC-F was applied as a screening questionnaire. It is a self-filled survey questionnaire consisting of five items. The most commonly used criteria for sarcopenia in clinical practice are 'European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People' (EWGSOP). EWGSOP recommends using the SARC-F test for risk assessment in patients at risk of sarcopenia. Turkish validation study of the test has been done.	12 months
Secondary	Sit to stand test	Sit to stand test was used to evaluate strength and endurance of lower limbs. Patients are asked to sit on a chair by crossing their hands over their chest. They are asked to sit five times consecutively as fast as possible. The test is started in the sitting position and the test is terminated at the last standing position and the time is recorded. The test is carried out 2 times and the best grade obtained is recorded	12 months
Secondary	Timed up and go test	To assess physical function/performance, timed up and go test was performed. It is an objective, reliable and simple test to evaluate balance and functional movement. The patient is asked to get up from a chair, walk 3 m, turn around, walk back and sit on the chair again. The time is recorded in how many seconds the patient has finished the test. The test is started and ended when the patient sit on the chair with back supported. It predicts mortality	12 months
Secondary	Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL )	To evaluate the impact of sarcopenia on quality of life SarQoL was administered. This test identifies and predicts sarcopenia complications that can affect the patient's quality of life. It helps to evaluate the patient's perception of their health, physical, psychological and social aspects to healthcare professional. SarQoL has been found reliable for use in clinical care and research study	12 months
Secondary	Short form - 36	Short form - 36 measures health related quality of life. It is a self-reported survey that evaluates individual health status with eight parameters consisting of physical function, pain, role limitations attributed to physical problems, role limitations attributed to emotional problems, mental health, social functioning, energy/ vitality, general health perception. There is not a summary score, each section is scored between 0-100, 0 indicates the worst condition, 100 indicates the best.	12 months