There are about 472 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Tanzania. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
This protocol describes a 2-arm cluster, randomized controlled trial designed to test the effectiveness of a conditional cash transfer on viral suppression at 12 months post-ART initiation among PHWHIV who have initiated ART within the past 30 days. Randomization will take place at the clinic level (HIV primary care clinics), and eligible participants attending intervention clinics will have the opportunity to receive up to 6 consecutive monthly cash transfers of 22,500 TSH (~$10) each, conditional on visit attendance with the HIV care provider. The study will take place at 32 clinics across four regions in Tanzania: Gaeta, Mwanza, Kagera and Shinyanga. The primary endpoint is viral suppression at 12 months, defined as the proportion of people living with HIV (PLHIV) retained in HIV primary care and with suppressed HIV viral load 12 months after starting ART.
This study examines the effect of oral probiotic treatment to newborns on preventing hospitalizations, death and colonization with Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Gram negative bacteria. Half of the babies will receive 4 weeks treatment with an oral mixture of the probiotic Labinic (R) while the other half will receive a placebo mixture.
The main objective of the evaluation was to assess the effect of providing injectable and HIV risk counseling messages on contraceptive knowledge and behavior during a three month pilot intervention in ten healthcare facilities in Tanzania.
Group antenatal care (GANC) is a service delivery model where women with pregnancies of similar gestational age are brought together for antenatal care (ANC), incorporating information sharing and peer support. This model provides selected aspects of clinical care to women in the group at the same time during group visits, as well as creating a support group of women at a similar stage in pregnancy, to improve the quality of care and engagement of women in the ANC process, ultimately leading to better retention in care. Initial studies have suggested that this improves uptake of intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) among women who participate, but have not evaluated the effect at community level. The investigators propose to assess whether use of the GANC model in Tanzania can improve the quality of ANC as compared to standard individual ANC, by measuring uptake of recommended interventions, primarily IPTp. Recent data from Tanzania and Kenya suggest that malaria parasitemia prevalence among pregnant women correlates with the prevalence among children under five, and could be used to track trends over time.3-5 The very high coverage of ANC (>80% attending at least one ANC contact), suggests that pregnant women could be a good sentinel population that could be readily tracked over time. However, pregnant women represent only about 5% of the overall population, thus, it is important to demonstrate that the trends in malaria prevalence and household level coverage of interventions reported by pregnant women attending ANC is representative of coverage among the general population. If validated, these data could be used to augment or even replace the data on coverage of interventions collected through the use of malaria indicator surveys, which are expensive and infrequently conducted, and generally only powered to the regional level.
This study is to compare the effectiveness of three different antihypertensive treatment strategies for reaching a target blood pressure (clinic BP) of </= 130/80 mmHg among patients <65years of age and </= 140/90 mmHg among patients >/=65years of Age in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients with uncomplicated arterial hypertension in rural Tanzania and Lesotho.
Dried blood spot and saliva samples are collected during multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment to measure the drug concentration of levofloxacin. Feasibility of both analytical procedures in a high burdened setting is explored.
Background: A previous study in Zanzibar (which Jutta Adelin Jorgensen, PI of ZanStroke, led) showed a high prevalence of hypertension among adults at 33%, in fact higher than average in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and poor performance of the health systems with nearly 90% of people with hypertension not achieving adequate blood pressure control. Uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and stroke have already become among the commonest causes of admission to and death at hospital in Zanzibar. At the same time, there is little or no data available to quantify the stroke burden on types, treatment and outcomes, cost of stroke care, nor a comprehensive understanding of the causes of poor hypertension control in the population.The Tanzanian Stroke Incidence study (which Richard Walker from Newcastle University led) showed some of the highest stroke incidence rates in the world. However, there are many unanswered questions, and the Zanzibar Stroke Study will be a unique opportunity to look at all stroke admissions from a large island population. Zanzibar Stroke Study: The hypotheses investigated are 1a. Current challenges in stroke care cannot exclusively be explained by limited structural resources, and care delivering processes play an essential role. 1. b. Current organization and quality of care for stroke including rehabilitation could benefit from being aligned with best practices for low resource settings. 2. a. Stroke types, causes, and prognosis are dominated by a higher proportion of hemorrhagic strokes, associated to poorly controlled hypertension, higher 30-day mortality, and worse prognosis in terms of disability and mortality at 12 months than seen in high income settings. 2b Long term stroke outcome is not only depending on stroke severity but also on sociodemographic/economic factors with worse prognosis for the poorest part of the population. 3a. There is a significant first stage delay due to local perceptions and beliefs around stroke which prohibits biomedical treatment in the prognostically important acute phase of stroke 3b. There are untapped resources in the community that could be leveraged to increase adherence to medical treatment to control BP to prevent stroke and re-stroke, as well as making rehabilitation accessible 4a. Introducing a hypertension care package at lowest primary care level for people at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk to prevent stroke and re-stroke is cost-effective, affordable, and possible. 4b. With no intervention, the cost of stroke care at hospital level will in 10 years exceed the cost of all reproductive and child health (RCH) services. ZanStroke is an observational, prospective study of stroke admissions to hospitals in Zanzibar (Unguja) enrolling all patients with a recent stroke (< 30 days) over a period of one year to investigate the burden of stroke disease, risk factors and outcome up till 12 months post-stroke. This will be done through establishing a stroke patient register. Participant data will include sociodemographic and -economic information, vascular risk factors and previous medical history, routine head-CT, routine biochemical results and other investigations, as well as early and long-term outcomes (deaths, disability, independence/functionality, quality of life, cognition, medicine adherence, rehabilitation therapy, re-stroke). Approximately 80% of stroke patients in Unguja, Zanzibar who seek hospital care are admitted to the main hospital and the nearby private hospital, and these will undergo CT head scan, but this will not be possible in all of the other six hospitals. We will take blood samples and store serum and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) for potential future analysis from the main hospital and the nearby private hospital only. In addition to the clinical epidemiological research, qualitative and health economic evaluation research will be undertaken to understand stroke patients and caretakers life worlds and perspectives, health care providers skills and practices, organization and processes of stroke care at hospital level, and to define a set of most cost-effective interventions to prevent and treat stroke in the particular Zanzibar context.
A Tanzanian pilot study to test the feasibility of using the Cytosponge™ device - a less-invasive endoscopy alternative - for research on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in African settings.
This is a prospective, multicentre cohort study in which the accuracy and the diagnostic yield of the FujiLAM test will be assessed using a microbiological reference standard, an extended microbiological reference standard and a composite reference standard among inpatient and outpatient people living with HIV (PLHIV).
HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) has the potential to dramatically decrease HIV transmission worldwide. In Tanzania, HIV prevalence is ~5%, with 1.6 million people living with HIV/AIDS; it is the leading cause of hospitalization and death among Tanzanian adults. However, less than 50% of HIV-infected Tanzanian adults know their status.Successful implementation of community-based services requires an understanding of the social and cultural context that influence community engagement with HIV services. Specifically, many HIV endemic regions are also medically pluralistic communities, where multiple explanatory frameworks for health and disease co-exist. In these areas, HIV testing and ART clinical care do not occur in isolation; traditional healers are commonly utilized instead of or concurrently with biomedical services. Therefore, the success of decentralized, community-based HIV services must be founded upon a thorough understanding of medical pluralism, and engagement with traditional healers as stakeholders in community health. This study will investigate the feasibility of involving traditional healers in HIV testing, and pilot an intervention to expand HIV testing within communities that use traditional medicine in Mwanza, Tanzania.