There are about 3150 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Pakistan. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
I want to design Stance control orthotic knee joint for improvement of KAFO users which is not available in Pakistan imported stance control orthotic knee joints are very expensive patients can't afford. The aim of my study to develop low cost stance control knee joint and ensure its availablity for KAFO users.
Osteoarthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease that directly affects the quality of life and financial burden. The understanding of the mechanism and available intervention strategies can not minimize its incidence that increased by 1/10 since 1990. The combination of black cumin and turmeric with sound waves is not well known.
Sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) is a common musculoskeletal condition characterized by pain and impaired function in the lower back and pelvis region.
Axillary lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors in primary breast carcinomas. Sentinel lymph node biopsy has been increasing in post neoadjuvant setting when axillary nodes show good clinical and radiological response. It allows to determine the axillary lymph node status, which if negative, saves the patient from axillary dissection (AD) and its potential complications. To assess tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the SLN, pathological evaluation is the gold standard. Response to neoadjuvant systemic therapy is an excellent predictor of outcome, and achievement of pathological complete response (PCR) in the SLN is a prognostic predictor of long-term outcome with significantly better disease-free survival and overall survival. Post-treatment isolated tumor cells (ITCs) and micro metastases predict worse survival compared with the same findings in the non-neoadjuvant setting. Histologically partial response to therapy, is characterized by small clusters and individual tumor cells set in hyaline stromal fibrosis. Most false negative cases had metastatic foci identified exclusively on permanent sections and are not due to a true diagnostic interpretation error. The timing of further axillary surgery, immediate or a subsequent operation should be routinely discussed at centers using intraoperative assessment of the sentinel lymph nodes, along with the potential for negative intraoperative findings and positive nodes on final pathology.
Low back pain is one of the most common conditions for which patients are sent to physiotherapy clinics. 84% of people have experienced it at least once in their lifetime, and over 50% have experienced it more than once, according to research. However, diagnosis and, in particular, the provision of specialized back pain therapy remain difficult.
To compare the effects of propioceptive neuromascular facilitation and neural flossing on balance and gait in diabetic peripheral neuropathy.
Cervical radiculopathy is a peripheral nervous system condition characterized by pathology of the cervical nerve root. Laser guided proprioceptive exercises shows positive impact in improving Joint sense error. The aim of this study is to investigate how proprioceptive exercises laser guided exercises, in addition to conventional exercises, affect cervical range of motion, pain, functional disability, and joint position sense error in patients with cervical radiculopathy. This randomized Controlled trial will be conducted at Islam central hospital, Sialkot. The sample size will consist of 52 participants. Participants who meet the inclusion criteria will be taken through a non-probability convenience sampling technique. 26 participants will be assigned to the group A and 26 participants to group B. Group A will receive laser guided exercises along with routine physical therapy whereas Group B will only receive routine physical therapy. All participants will receive a 50-minute session daily, 3 times a week for 3 weeks. Data will be collected using various assessment tools, Numeric pain rating scale will be use to assess the Pain, Bubble in-clinometer to assess Cervical range of motion, Laser tracker to assess Joint sense position error and Neck disability Index to assess functional disability. Pre-intervention assessment will be conducted before starting the treatment protocol and post assessment after 4 weeks of treatment.
The design of my study will be Randomized Control Trial (RCT) study. And the sampling technique will be non-probability convenience sampling. A sample of 32 (16 in each group) has been selected using 10% level of significance and 80% power of test. Three groups will be made each containing 16 participants with inclusion criteria met. Group A will be given control group treatment with Muscle Energy Technique applied over the period of 4 weeks. Group B will be given control group treatment with Mulligan Stretch with Traction Technique applied over the period of 4 weeks. Total 3 recordings of Hip Flexion ROMs shall be taken with manual goniometry as follows initial/first day, 3rd week, final week/last treatment. A sum of 8 treatments shall be given to the intervention group over the period of 4 weeks, 2 treatments per week.
To determine effects of graded repetitive arm supplementary program versus Task based training on Upper limb function in stroke patients.
Non-specific neck pain is the most common musculoskeletal symptom which can cause limited cervical mobility, impaired functional status and stress at work. Virtual reality and motor imagery are unique technologies which have beneficial effects on the treatment of non-specific neck pain. Virtual reality is a simulated 3D environment that enables users to explore and interact with a virtual surrounding while motor imagery (MI) is a dynamic mental process of an action, without its actual motor execution. This study aims to investigate the combined effects of Virtual Reality (VR) and Motor Imagery Techniques (MI) with Routine Physical Therapy (RPT) in patients with Non-specific neck pain. This randomized clinical trial will be carried at Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi on 93 participants meeting the inclusion criteria included in the study through probability convenience sampling technique. 3 groups of participants assigned ramdomly will receive interventions for three days a week for 6 weeks. Group A will receive virtual reality (VR) and motor imagery (MI) along with routine physical therapy for . Group B participants will receive VR along with routine physical therapy while Group C will receive MI along with routine physical therapy. Total treatment time will be 40 minutes. Outcome measure tools will be Numeric pain rating scale to measure pain, the Tampa scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK) for the measurement of kinesiophobia and Neck disability index for disability and functional status.