View clinical trials related to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Filter by:Objectives: This study aims to examine the use of low frequency (2Hz), low amplitude (intensity just produce visible muscle contraction), and long duration (2x3 hrs/day) neuromuscular electrical simulation (NMES) in attenuating the effects of muscle atrophy resulted from disuse. Design and subjects: The study is a randomized, double-blind, controlled, and parallel group study. Subjects with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be included. Intervention: Subjects will be randomized to 3 groups to receive different NMES program over the quadriceps and calf muscles: (i) the proposed NMES program; (ii) conventional NMES program (50Hz, 30 min/day), or sham group for a period of 8 weeks. Outcome measures:The effectiveness of the NMES will be evaluated by the improvement in muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle performance (muscle strength, muscle shortening velocity and muscle activation testing), functional performance (6 min walk) and subjects' rating of the perceived acceptability of the stimulation protocol. Data analysis: Baseline characteristics of the intervention and sham groups will be compared using one way ANOVA. Two-way mixed repeated measures analysis of variance will be performed to examine the differences between groups over time for all the outcome variables. The significance level is set at p < 0.05. Expected results: The investigators hypothesize that the proposed new paradigm of NMES would be more effective in improving muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), strength, endurance, and exercise tolerance.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether high flow nasal cannula is effective in lowering the reintubation rate after extubation for high risk patients in medical intensive care unit
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its prevalence is in progression and COPD is expected to become the fourth leading cause of death by 2030. COPD is characterized by periods of stability interspersed with acute infectious/inflammatory flare-ups, also called acute exacerbations, during which patients deteriorate, sometimes to the point of requiring immediate medical assistance. Although most patients eventually recover, repeated episodes of exacerbations may accelerate COPD progression. Exacerbations may further compromise the integrity of limb muscles by promoting further loss in muscle mass and strength. The overall objective of this substudy is to elucidate how an acute COPD exacerbation may affect limb muscles.
Subjects male and female aged 50-85 with a clinical diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or Bronchiectasis, or those with ≥ 10 pack/years smoking history will be imaged with CT and MRI for the development of tools to quantify and validate longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging phenotypes of COPD and Bronchiectasis.
The World Health Organisation defines chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as 'not one single disease but an umbrella term used to describe chronic lung diseases that cause limitations in lung airflow' covering emphysema and chronic bronchitis; and estimates (2004) that worldwide there are currently 64 million sufferers with 3 to 4 million in the UK. COPD results from damaged airways in the lungs, causing them to become narrower and making it harder for air to get in and out of the lungs. It is diagnosed by measuring the amount of air that can be expelled in the first second of breathing out (FEV1) in litres per second. COPD is a progressive disease and the condition can have a serious impact on the quality of life of sufferers. Going out in very cold weather can cause an immediate drop in FEV1, and increased breathlessness. This is a randomised crossover controlled trial of participants with COPD. It compares the effectiveness of an air-warming face mask which covers the mouth compared with no face covering, in increasing participants exercise capacity and quality of life in cold weather. The mask warms air at the mouth by drawing on air warmed beneath the participants clothing, through a 20cm long hollow plastic tube and a one-way inspiratory valve into the mask. Air is expired through the nose. 24 participants with moderate or severe COPD, will undertake 3 exercise tests on 3 separate days. Two tests will be in an environmentally controlled chamber performed at 5°C with participants wearing either the mask or no face covering. The third test will be performed at ambient temperature outside the chamber. The order will be determined by random allocation. Participants will undergo the Treadmill 6 Minute Walk Test; various measurements will be taken, all of which will be non-invasive.
Chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure is common in stable COPD patients in a terminal phase of their disease In an attempt to correct or slow down the rate of rise of PaCO2, long-term noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) has been proposed. Only very few studies demonstrated the clinical efficacy of NIV. Indeed this technique is not always well tolerated and therefore it may be effective only in a subset of patients The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and safety of "one shot" extrcorporeal CO2 removal device, in reducing the PaCO2 level
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.Patients admitted to hospital present higher mortality rates.The investigators lack the specific tools that allow us to easily classify and establish the individual prognosis for each patient during their hospitalization. Rational of the study:to identify the predictive factors for hospital mortality in critically ill patients admitted to hospital due to an episode of COPD exacerbation.
To compare the efficacy of acapella and expiration against open glottis (ELTGOL) technique in promoting airway clearance of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients
For patients with emphysema lung volume reduction (ELVR) could be an expedient approach for the reduction of distension of the lung. ELVR may be performed using RePneu® Coils. After the insertion of the coils distended lung sections shrink so that healthy parts can expand. In the present study investigators intend to examine, whether the insertion of the coils improves diaphragm function and force of the breathing muscles. Investigators hypothesize that reduction of lung volume eliminates or reduces flattening of the diaphragm and relieves breathing muscles, respectively respiratory pump, which aims to reduce dyspnea.
Assessment of health-related quality of life in COPD patients with severe chronic respiratory failure requires appropriate and highly specific measurement tools. We attempt to validate the Chinese version of the Severe Respiratory Insufficiency Questionnaire (SRI)