View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:This study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the plastic ring wound retractor to reduce the rate of surgical site infection in patients who undergo open abdomen surgery for gastrointestinal tract.
Antibiotic resistance has emerged world wide and is of major concern. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria is widely spread and is now a major factor in morbidity and mortality in health-care settings. Among MDRs, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are of special concern, receiving the highest classification of "urgent threat level" in the US President Report. Consistent mortality rates of 40-50% are observed among inpatients with infections caused by CRE in hospitals worldwide, related mainly to unavailable, delayed or ineffective antibiotic treatment options. The extremely high mortality rates of patients with CRE infections have driven efforts to prevent the acquisition and spread of these bacteria in hospitals. These include screening for carriage, contact isolation of carriers, cohorting, dedicated healthcare staff and other infection control measures. These strategies have been proven as effective but are cumbersome and expensive. In most locations these strategies failed to completely eradicate CRE endemicity. CRE decolonization (eradication of colonization) might offer a double benefit - reducing the risk for the individual carrier to develop an infection due to the resistant strain (by that, potentially lowering the mortality risk) and preventing the bacteria from spreading to other patients, exposing them to the same hazard. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), in which fecal material enriched with commensal microorganisms is transferred from a healthy donor, have proven efficacy in the treatment of recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in multiple trails. Major adverse events that has been reported so far are mostly related to the route of administration (aspiration during nasogastric tube administration/colonoscopy). Other adverse events include mostly GI related symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, belching) and are self limited and resolve in few hours. FMT seems to be safe and effective both in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The high efficacy of FMT in the treatment of a multi-drug resistant pathogen such as Clostridium difficile, suggest that it might be an efficient tool for other MDR pathogens (e.g. CRE). The authors aim to assess the effects of FMT on colonization and clinical infections with CRE. The potential of FMT to restore the gut microbiome and compete with residual resistant strains offer a novel way to fight the current MDR epidemic. The authors will apply FMT on a cohort of CRE carriers in a single center in Israel. FMT will be given by capsules for 2 consecutive days followed by rectal sampling at predefined timepoint in the following 6 months.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of the synbiotic Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis B94 plus inulin addition to the standard triple therapy on Helicobacter pylori infection eradication rates in children.
ANTOINE is a prospective trial which aims to assess diagnostic performance of 7 biomarkers for the diagnosis of severe bacterial infections (SBI) in children aged from 7 days to 36 months. Fever is a frequent cause of consultation in pediatric emergency departments. Clinical diagnostic tools are rare and discrimination between severe bacterial infection and viral infection is difficult to confidently state. The prevalence of severe bacterial infections (IBS) varies from 10 to 25% according to the studies. Biological markers such as procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are commonly used in clinical practice. These markers have bacterial specificity but share a wide range of values with viral infections and do not make it possible to exclude or to confirm definitively the diagnosis of IBS. The use of new markers to improve the diagnosis of bacterial and viral infections is increasingly studied in adults. The diagnostic value of these new markers has been demonstrated by associating their dosage with that of CRP for example. This is the case for IP-10, TRAIL or MxA. However, very few pediatric studies have been carried out to date on these new biomarkers. However, in pediatrics, these diagnostic tools based on the combination of biomarkers to discriminate against viral and bacterial infections could be a major help in the suspicions of IBS. 7 biomarkers were selected to be evaluated in this study. This study is designed to determine the best biomarkers combination for the SBI diagnosis on a cohort of 800 patients.
Purpose of the study: - To assess efficacy of Anaferon for children liquid dosage form in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections. - To assess safety of Anaferon for children liquid dosage form in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections.
Method for diagnostics of the origin of infections (bacterial vs viral) based on the identification of activation markers of blood neutrophils and monocytes will be developed.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether maintenance antiretroviral therapy could be simplified to DTG + FTC dual therapy and/or patient-centered monitoring once virological suppression is achieved. Using a factorial design, the study aims to assess the efficacy of DTG + FTC dual therapy to maintain virological suppression through 48 weeks of follow-up as well as the costs of a patient-centered ART laboratory monitoring.
This study is a retrospective, observational study to evaluate minocycline use in participants under real world conditions.
This study is a retrospective, observational study to evaluate oritavancin use in participants under real world conditions.
Subclinical infection of the intervertebral disc after lumbar disc herniation surgery has been correlated to chronic low back pain and vertebral endplate changes. The most commonly reported agent is Propionibacterium acnes. However, the real incidence is unclear, as it has been reported in some series ranging from 3.7% to 46%. Recently, a systematic review concluded that there is a relationship between P. acnes and endplate changes, but, there are so far no studies to verify whether the reported presence of that pathogen in the intervertebral discs is due to local infection or whether intraoperative contamination occurred during the collection of samples. Thus, the main objective of this study is to estimate the incidence of subclinical infection in patients surgically treated for lumbar disc herniation. To this end, a prospective cohort study will be conducted with a minimum of 95 patients between 18 and 65 years of age who have been submitted to surgery after failure of conservative treatment. The extruded disc will be removed and cultured for bacterial identification. As controls, the ligamentum flavum and the multifidus muscle, taken respectively before and after removal of the herniated fragment will also be cultured. Patients will be followed-up for a year and MRI will be done at the end of this period.