View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:Chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a devastating complication of arthroplasty and its treatment continues to fuel the debate on how to manage it appropriately. One stage and two stage exchange surgery both are the conventional surgical procedures for chronic PJI commonly used to date. Two stage surgery disadvantages (major surgery, anesthesia and nosocomial risks, functional impairment between surgeries and a high socio-economic coast) encouraged many surgical teams to adopt one stage exchange surgery which provides equivalent or better outcomes. However one stage surgery encounters a major conceptual difficulty when it comes to implant the new prosthesis in a surgical site microbiologically undetermined and potentially contaminated. Investigators suppose the new prosthesis is implanted in a contaminated setting regardless of bacteria type and antibiotic therapy duration before arthroplasty. The total lack of data answering this question motivated the conception of this prospective study in order to describe the microbiological setting where is implanted the new prosthesis with one stage exchange surgery after surgical excision and antibiotic therapy initiation in chronic PJI.
This study evaluates the long term effects of E. coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN-Suspension) probiotic bacteria administration on the number of both, bacterial and viral infections during the first 24 months of infant's life. Half of study participants will receive EcN-Suspension, while the other half will receive placebo. In an additional non-clinical explorative evaluation will furthermore be investigated whether the early intestinal colonization with E.coli strain Nissle 1917 affects the establishment of the intestinal microbiota.
This research will test a new ultra-rapid technology (called ID/AST Accelerate system) that uses a digital microscope to identify bacteria based on their growth patterns. This method does not have to wait for bacteria to grow in a lab. The new method can identify the type of bacteria within 2 hours of receiving a specimen. The new method also shows the effect of selected antibiotics on the bacteria including multidrug resistant bacteria so that doctors know within 6 hours from specimen collection which antibiotic kills the bacteria. To check the accuracy, speed and impact of the new method on antibiotic prescribing, investigators are proposing a study with two parts; The first part will test the accuracy and speed of the results obtained by the new method. The second part will test if having the results from the new method early would change the antibiotics prescribed to a patient in a simulation experiment. An independent infectious disease physician will be shown the results from the new method and asked if the results were accurate, would it change the antibiotic treatment for the patient.
- NSAIDs are widely consumed, and some are currently available for self-medication with indications 'Pain and Fever' (Cavalié, National Agency for Drug Safety (ANSM), 2014) - There is no recommendation to limit their use in bacterial infections except for chicken pox in children. - To date, no study has highlighted the aggravating role of exposure to NSAIDs on bacterial infections in adults, based on the usual septic severity Levy's score (SSS), and mortality, but it delays adequate antibiotics (Legras, Critical Care, 2009) - Community-acquired bacterial infections in adults exposed to NSAIDs are serious by their spread (multiple locations), and suppurative character requiring frequent use of invasive procedures such as surgery or drainage. The SSS does not reflect the seriousness of these infections. They are frequently associated with use of ibuprofen (63.4%), and self-medication practices (65.5%). The main hypothesis is that NSAIDs exposure is associated with a specific severity of community-acquired bacterial infection, marked by dissemination, suppurative complications or even invasive procedures requirement. Our objectives are also to: - Describe what NSAID use terms are associated to the risk of serious bacterial infections: molecule, dosage, duration of exposure, access (prescription or self-medication), associated drugs. - To determine what type (s) (s) of bacterial infection is worsened by exposure to NSAIDs. - To determine if other risk factors contribute to severity of bacterial community acquired infection - To describe hospital costs associated to such severity of bacterial infection
Background: Zika virus is mostly passed on by the bite of an infected mosquito. It usually causes mild illness. But in pregnant women it can cause serious birth defects to the baby. The virus can also spread by blood transfusion and sexual intercourse. This is why the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) recommended that people should not give blood if possibly exposed to Zika virus. Dengue virus and chikungunya virus are passed by the same mosquitoes as Zika virus. These can cause severe reactions if passed through transfused blood. Donated blood is usually not tested for these three viruses. Researchers want to count the infections in people who have been exposed because of travel or sexual exposure. They want to learn the risk these viruses might pose to the U.S. blood supply. They also want to study the natural history of these viruses by following infected people over time. Objective: To study the risk of Zika, dengue, and chikungunya viruses to the U.S. blood supply. Eligibility: Adults age 18 or older who were turned down for donating blood because of possible exposure to certain viruses. Design: Participants will have blood and urine tests. They will answer questions about their travel. They will be called in about a week with virus test results. Participants with negative results do not have any more study visits. Participants with positive results will be asked to stay in the study for 6 months. They will have weekly clinic visits and tests until results are negative for 2 straight weeks. Once test results are negative, they will have monthly visits. Visits will include physical exams, blood and urine samples, and optional semen samples from men. Most people will have 3-4 weekly visits and 5 monthly visits.
Introduction: Acute Heart Failure is frequently decompensated by pulmonary infection, but the diagnosis of pulmonary infection sometimes is difficult in these patients due to similar signals and clinical symptoms in both pathologies. Furthermore, when it is possible the diagnosis of pulmonary infection, physicians may have difficult to determine etiology and delaying antibiotic therapy. Procalcitonin (PCT) have been used like a biomarker to determine the period of use of antibiotics in patients with acute respiratory infections. It is specific for bacterial infections and it have showed as a marker of severity infection and may help to determine interruption period of antibiotic therapy in a safety way for the patient. Aim: Evaluate levels of PCT related to interruption of antibiotics in patients with decompensated acute heart failure (DAHF) with suspected bacterial pulmonary infection. Methods: In this pilot project will be included around 100 patients, randomized in two groups: group A (PCT levels may guide the interruption of antibiotic at day 5) or group B (antibiotic period will be determined by the physician without the knowledge of PCT levels). Will be collected laboratorial and clinical data at days 0,3 and 5. Both groups will be compared to evaluate PCT levels and total period of antibiotic therapy, hospitalization and readmission in 30 days. This study will determine the sensibility/specificity of PCT in patients with DAHF.
This clinical study will collect fresh samples and perform laboratory testing on fresh and archived samples as described in the protocol.
This is a Phase 3, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, multicenter, prospective study to assess the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of eravacycline compared with meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs).
The purpose of this research study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of Ridinilazole (SMT19969) in treating C. difficile Infection (CDI).
This study will collect and evaluate information on the safety and efficacy of Sovaldi-based regimens in routine clinical practice in Mexico. The primary objective of this study is to assess the rates of serious adverse events/reactions (SAEs/SADRs) and adverse events/reactions (AEs/ADRs) in adult participants with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with Sovaldi in routine clinical practice.