View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the prodrome of the cognitive function declining before Alzheimer's disease or other dementia showed up, the impairments of language, visuospatial relationship, attention, and memory included and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) influenced. MCI is considered as a transitional stage between normal aging and mild dementia, and the patients with MCI has differently fluctuated cognitive functions in a period of time, such as from normal cognition to MCI or developing to dementia. The annual conversion rate (ACR) of older adults with normal cognition developed to MCI is 30%, and 5% in clinical setting, and community, respectively. Not all of patients with MCI develop to Alzheimer's disease, the reversion of patients with MCI to normal cognition exists. However, MCI is a significant risk factor. The ACR of older adults with normal cognition or MCI developed to dementia is 1-2%, and 5-15%, respectively; moreover, about half of patients with MCI developed to dementia in 5 years. Cognitive training (CT) improves cognitive functions with repetitive practicing standardized cognitive tasks of specific cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, or problem solving. CT has widely defined including strategy training, in which contained cognitive exercise, strategy indicating and practicing to reducing cognitive impairments and improving performances. CT is more effective for MCI. Recently, computer-based CT (CCT) with many advantages gradually replaced the traditional paper-pencil form. Brief systematic review showed that the computer-based intervention had positive effects on behavioral symptoms, such as depression and anxiety, in patients with MCI and/or dementia. Previous studies demonstrated that computer-based intervention exhibited moderate treatment effects on overall cognitive functions in patients with MCI, and also had positive effects on learning, short-term memory, and behavioral symptoms. Older people with cognitive impairments is expected to increase by global aging. It is important for improving or maintaining cognitive functions of older adults with MCI. The efficacy of the CCT on cognitive functions, neuropsychiatric symptoms, daily functions, and brain activated imaging of the magnetoencephalography (MEG) of in older adults with MCI is worth to explore for busy clinical practice.
EpxCogScreen is a phone-based intervention to administer the Rapid Cognitive Screen, a validated screening tool for dementia, over SMS text messaging. The results of the screen are sent to the physician automatically, which allows physicians to monitor their patients and gives them the ability to respond rapidly to any concerns of cognitive decline. In this study, patients' at-home RCS scores done by EpxCogScreen will be compared to their in-clinic RCS scores, and to clinical diagnosis of dementia (where available), to investigate the validity of EpxCogScreen.
The project is targeting cognitive impairment, one of the main health problems of patients with RAS pathway disorders. The aim of this study is to translate findings of animal studies to humans. This has been done by the applicants successfully for Lovastatin in Nf1. This result will be transferred to patients with Noonan Syndrome. lamotrigine is most likely a more effective and promising substance improving synaptic plasticity and consecutive cognitive function. It is expected that both substances are improving synaptic plasticity as well as alertness and changes in alertness may be a precondition for improvement of cognition.
The objective of the study is to highlight a modification of the composition of the intestinal microbiota associated with the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and its most unfavorable form, Rapid Cognitive Decline (DCR). This identification could lead to diagnostic strategies based on the analysis of the intestinal microbiome, and preventive and curative treatments, based on the modulation of intestinal microbiota
Older people are a rapidly growing proportion of the world's population and their number is expected to increase twofold by 2050. When these people become patients that require surgery, they are at particular high risk for postoperative delirium (POD), which is associated with longer hospital stays, higher costs, risk for delayed complications and cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Having suffered an episode of delirium is furthermore a predictor of long-term care dependency. Despite these risks, an increasing number of elderly undergo major elective surgery. This is reflected by the frequency of elective spinal surgery, in general, and instrumented fusions, in particular, which has markedly increased over the past few decades. It is yet insufficiently understood, which, particularly modifiable, factors contribute to the development of POD and POCD following these major but plannable surgeries. A better understanding of risk factors would facilitate informed patient decisions and surgical strategies could be tailored to individual risk profiles.
This study will recruit patients more than 65 years old eligible for non-cardiac surgery. Patients who participate will take either vitamin B12 and folic acid supplementation or placebo for 7 days before surgery. Neuropsychological test battery (NPB) will be tested before intervention and at discharge for determination of Post operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Another group of non-surgical elderly participants will also be tested for NPB to account for learning effect in POCD diagnosis. The hypothesis is that preoperative vitamin B12 supplementation will reduce the incidence of POCD in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD) is a state of decline in cognitive ability after surgery and is frequently seen among our elderly population. Many studies have looked into predictive risk factors for POCD while research is underway to search for pre-emptive measures to avoid this unfavourable outcome. Most will be looking at utilizing mobile software applications of cognitive training but in many poorer countries, owning electronic devices may not be an option or may be culturally less acceptable among the older patients. Hence, the investigators intend to investigate if a home-based logbook for cognitive training will reduce the incidence of POCD in a single centre study.
In this proposal, we will examine processing speed training (PST) as a potential intervention to reduce the risk of developing long-term cognitive impairment after a delirium episode.
The purpose of this study is to determine what percentage of patients have cognitive problems (for example, memory or concentration difficulties) after surgery and anesthesia, what the characteristics of these problems are, and whether they persist over time. In particular, the investigators want to study this in the French-speaking Quebec population with cognitive evaluation tools adapted for this population.
The purpose of this study is the examine the feasibility of and estimate the efficacy of a preoperative exercise (i.e. prehabilitation) program in 40 up to sedentary older adults (i.e. age 60 and over) undergoing abdominal, urologic or gynecologic surgery under the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol at Duke, using a variety of techniques to measure the possible effect of this intervention. Study patients will undergo a program of prehabilitation exercise for 6 days per week prescribed for them by an exercise physiologist, for up to 4 weeks prior to surgery. Study participants will undergo four types of assessments: Functional/Cognitive testing; Blood/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and Muscle biopsies; Brain Imaging; and Brain Activity Recording. Clinical Outcomes will also be obtained from the Duke electronic medical record system. The risks of the exercise intervention are generally mild, since moderate exercise in this patient population generally results in improved health outcomes. Data from these patients will be analyzed in comparison to propensity matched patients from the Duke Markers of Alzheimer's Disease and neurocognitive Outcomes after Perioperative Care (MADCO-PC) study who did not undergo this prehabilitation exercise intervention. Taken together, the results of this study will allow the investigators to estimate the possible effect of prehabilitation exercise on multiple domains of postoperative recovery (cognition, brain connectivity, biomarkers, brain activity, etc) and will provide important preliminary data.