View clinical trials related to Cognitive Dysfunction.
Filter by:The goal of this clinical trial is to demonstrate potential improvements in clinical trial methods relating to dementia and cognitive decline. The main questions it aims to answer are: - Can an intervention's outcome be better assessed by a latent variable ("δ") integrating cognitive performance with functional status? - Can latent biomarkers of δ guide the selection of an intervention that will modulate dementia severity? - Can a latent variable, derived from information collected remotely from caregivers, preselect subjects most likely to respond to the intervention? - Is the effect of the intervention in fact medicated by changes in the targeted biomarker? In this case, the biomarker will be a latent variable derived from several proteins measured in blood (i.e., so-called "adipokines"). The intervention will be donepezil, a medication approved for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease, but only recently associated with adipokine changes. Participants with cognitive impairment and their caregivers will be interviewed by telephone and those with cognitive impairment will be treated for six-months with donepezil. On the basis of the caregiver's report, the cognitively impaired subjects will be assigned to two groups based on a prediction of their response to donepezil. Researchers will compare those groups to see if dementia severity, as measured by δ, improves in predicted responders, and whether the change in the d-score is mediated by changes in adipokines.
Advanced stages of the response to life-threatening infection, severe trauma, or other physiological insults often lead to exhaustion of the homeostatic mechanisms that sustain normal blood pressure and oxygenation. These syndromic presentations often meet the diagnostic criteria of sepsis and/or the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the two most common syndromes encountered in the intensive care unit (ICU). Although critical illness syndromes, such as sepsis and ARDS, have separate clinical definitions, they often overlap clinically and share several common injury mechanisms. Moreover, there are no specific therapies for critically ill patients, and as a consequence, approximately 1 in 4 patients admitted to the ICU will not survive. The purpose of this observational study is to identify early patient biologic factors that are present at the time of ICU admission that will help diagnose critical illness syndromes earlier, identify who could benefit most from specific therapies, and enable the discovery of new treatments for syndromes such as sepsis and ARDS.
MCI is considered an intermediate stage between normal cognitive aging and dementia. As such, improving cognitive functions of people with MCI may delay dementia onset. In recent years, tDCS, which regulates brain activity by increasing or decreasing brain tissue excitability, has become a commonly used brain stimulation method. Accumulating evidence indicates the promising effects of cognitive enhancement after tDCS over the frontal scalp regions in people with MCI (PwMCI). However, previous studies were limited by including only a self-report measure, focused on memory performance, not assessing long-term effect, and not reporting their results in follow-up. In addition, knowledge of the precise physiological consequences of tDCS on the brain tissue and related neural mechanisms in PwMCI remains rudimentary. The objectives of the proposed study, which will target PwMCI, are to investigate the effects of tDCS at the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on the cognitive performance and to explore the modulation of neural mechanisms associated with the use of tDCS. Forty-eight MCI participants aged over 60 years will be recruited. All participants will be assessed by Hong Kong version of Montreal Cognitive Test. Participants that meet selection criteria will be invited to the experiment. Participants will be assigned to experimental or control groups randomly. The experiment will consist of pre- and post-assessments and a 1-month follow-up assessment. Between pre- and post-assessments, participants will receive 8 sessions (2x/week for 4 weeks) of tDCS treatment (either real or sham, 20 min per session). Outcome measures include digit span test, colour trail test, verbal fluency test, Chinese version of the Verbal Learning Test , and Hong Kong version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Participants will also complete a computer memory task at each assessment point (performance in this task is also used as an outcome measure) and will have their brain wave recorded while completing the task. The task will require them to study and memorise Chinese characters, followed by a recognition memory test. In the study phase, participants will be required to view Chinese characters and judge whether the characters are of the animal category. In the recognition phase, participants will decide whether the characters have been seen before.
The goal of this Phase I/II clinical trial is to assess the safety and maximum tolerated training time of a self-administered computerized cognitive training (CCT) in individuals with cognitive dysfunction as a consequence of COVID-19 infection.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) is a clinical condition that induces cognitive deterioration that can be reverted, at least in part, by introducing ventricular-peritoneal diversion controlled by a miniaturized valve system. Mechanisms involved in such an improvement of cognitive function after liquor diversion are unknown. Oxysterols are a family of cholesterol-related compounds having diverse biological functions. Among others, they are involved in cholesterol homeostasis in the brain and are detectable in liquor, potentially impacting neurodegeneration. NPH is an ideal clinical model to study oxysterol distribution in liquor before and after ventricular-peritoneal diversion.
Under the premise of basic treatment, to explore the improvement effect of huperzine A injection on short-term and long-term neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage after interventional/surgical treatment.
To explore the effect of different doses of vitamin D drugs on gastrointestinal cancer cancer-related cognitive impairment, so as to provide reference and basis for the clinical use of our cognitive function surgery nursing plan for patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
The following three-part proposal will focus on the effects of agility training as well as the relationship between agility ability and motor and cognitive function, and risk of falls in elderly adults with or without mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Part I is a cross-sectional study design that will assess the level of agility in healthy young adults, healthy elderly adults, and elderly adults with MCI to determine the effect of aging and cognition decline on agility and the relations between agility, cognitive, and motor functions. Thirty participants will be screened for eligibility and recruited for each group (90 participants total). After collecting basic data, all participants will undergo cognitive and motor function tests, as well as an agility test. Cognitive function tests include tests of global cognition, working memory, mental set shifting, and selective attention. Motor function tests include tests of single and dual task walking, strength, power, balance, flexibility, and endurance. The agility test contains stop-and-go, change of direction, and spatial orientation components. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) will be used to evaluate the brain activation during the agility test, cognitive tests, and single and dual task walking. Results from all tests will be used to determine the motor, cognitive, and other predictive factors associated with agility performance, and will be used in the design of the training program in Part II and III. Part II and III are single-blinded randomized controlled trials that will explore the short and long-term effects of a multicomponent training and an agility training protocol on agility, motor, and cognitive function in elderly adults with and without MCI. Seventy-five elderly adults with MCI (Part II) and seventy-five healthy elderly (Part III) will be recruited. After screening for eligibility and collection of demographic data, participants will undergo a pretest assessment. In addition to the motor, cognitive, and agility tests used in Part I, information on history of falls, falls efficacy, and quality of life will be assessed for each participant. Brain activation will be assessed during the agility test, cognitive tests, and single and dual task walking assessments using fNIRS. Participants will be randomly allocated into one of three groups: the control group, the multicomponent training group, or the agility training group (n=25 in each group). Intervention will be executed at a frequency of 45 minutes per session, 2 times a week for 8 weeks. The control group will receive home-based health education guidelines. The multicomponent training group will engage in 3 to 4 exercises each training session comprising the influencing factors of agility, and the agility training group will engage in integrated task-specific training. A post-test will be conducted after the 8-week intervention, and 1-month, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups will be conducted for elderly adults with MCI. The healthy elderly adults will be assessed after the intervention and at the 1-month follow-up after training.
Light stimulates the human visual system and the biological functions in the retina, also referred to as non-visual responses, e.g. hormone production. Exposure to the correct light composition can produce acute alertness and increase good sleep quality (1). In this study, subjects will be exposed to 24-hour LED naturalistic lighting (intervention) or traditional lighting (control) during all days of hospitalization. Subjects will be blinded to the intervention as they will not be told if they are admitted to an intervention patient room or a control patient room. The primary outcome measure is cortisol levels measured in saliva samples. Secondary outcome measures are delirium rates, length of admission, use of constant observation, mortality and adverse advent. It is estimated that 80 subjects will be included in the study.
Whether enough time and high-quality cognitive training will reduce the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery.