View clinical trials related to Cognitive Developmental Delay.
Filter by:High risk infant is defined as infant with a negative history of environmental and biological factors, which can lead to neuromotor development problems. It is a heterogeneous group of premature infants born under thirty-seven weeks of age, with infants with low birth weight, term or developmental retardation for various reasons. Therefore, preterm infants with low birth weight can survive with a neurological sequelae such as cerebral palsy (CP), epilepsy, hearing and vision loss, mental retardation, speech and speech problems, and learning difficulties. The clinical diagnosis of CP and learning diffuculties which can be observed in high-risk infants, is based on the combination of some neurological and clinical signs.
This is a follow-up study of a recently completed trial (17.14.INF) evaluating the growth of pre-term infants. Enrolled children will undergo neurocognitive assessments at 18- and 24-months of corrected age (CA).
The objective of this study is to examine how infant egg consumption (age of introduction and frequency of intake) influences physical growth, obesity, cardio-metabolic health, risk of food allergy, and cognition development in mid-childhood and adolescence.
Background: Millions of children in low resource settings are at high risk of poor development due to factors such as undernutrition, inadequate stimulation and maternal depression. Evidence based interventions to address these risk factors exist, but often as a separate and overlapping packages delivered through disjointed systems, therefore posing problems in scale-up. A common elements approach based intervention that combines evidence-based elements from packages of care addressing early stimulation, responsive feeding and maternal distress have been developed. Objectives: The current study aims to develop an online training curriculum to train lay health workers in common elements based intervention to improve maternal psychological well-being and improve mother-infant interaction among distressed mothers in low resource rural community settings of Pakistan. The impact of intervention on maternal well-being, infant growth, nutrition and development will be evaluated at 12-months post-partum. Method: A two arm, single blind, individual randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be carried out in the community settings of the rural sub-district of Gujar Khan in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. 250 Pregnant women in third trimester of pregnancy, screened positive for psychological distress on Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), cut-off score ≥ 9, will be randomized on 1:1 allocation ratio into intervention (n=125) and Treatment as Usual (TAU) arms (n=125). The participants in the intervention arm will receive 15 monthly sessions of intervention by community volunteers at home. First three sessions will be delivered in the third trimester of pregnancy followed by one monthly session for 12 months. The primary outcome will be caregiver-infant interaction at 12-months post-partum. The maternal secondary outcomes include maternal psychological wellbeing, quality of life, social support and empowerment. Maternal outcomes will be measured at baseline, 6-months and 12-months post-partum. Infant secondary outcomes include growth, nutrition and development and will be measured at 12 months. A mixed-methods process monitoring and evaluation will be conducted to inform the feasibility of intervention delivery. Discussion: The outcomes of the study will be a common-elements based online training curriculum for training of community volunteers in intervention to improve maternal psychological well-being and mother-infant interaction in low resource rural community settings at-scale.
In this study, the investigators will only administer the intervention to children known to have neurodevelopmental delays. By focusing on adapting the intervention to be only a clinic-based treatment, a small number of community members could be trained to administer the program and increase the potential for sustainability. If the clinic-based group sessions prove to be effective for young children with neurodevelopmental delays, this would help inform the key areas of fidelity needed to maintain effectiveness of the intervention. This study is a critical first step to evaluating the Care for Child Development Intervention (CCDI) program's potential as a cross-cultural intervention that is sustainable and effective for the children at highest risk for neurodevelopmental delay. These results will have significant impacts in improving early childhood neurodevelopment both in Kenya and worldwide.
Iodine is a key micronutrient in the diet, essential for healthy growth, and is particularly important during pregnancy and breastfeeding when demands are increased to support the developing baby. Many people are thought to lack all the iodine they need, and this is a greater issue during and shortly after pregnancy when the body's iodine requirements are greatest. Iodine deficiency complications are potentially serious for both mother and child. Iodine deficiency can lead to thyroid enlargement, lower production of important hormones produced by the thyroid, pregnancy complications in the mother, and impaired growth and developmental problems in babies and children. This research will focus on providing an up-to-date estimate of how many pregnant women do not have enough iodine, and what different levels of iodine might mean in terms of health risks during pregnancy and for childhood development. The investigators will investigate how iodine levels vary over the course of pregnancy and lactation, how this is affected by diet, associated changes in thyroid size and function, and what levels of iodine are linked with greater risk of subsequent health problems. The research will take advantage of existing urine samples collected from mothers during pregnancy in the Born in Bradford birth cohort study, where the investigators also know of any adverse pregnancy outcomes, as well as any developmental problems for the baby and in early childhood.