View clinical trials related to Cognition Disorders.
Filter by:At the acute stage of cerebral ischaemia, the only effective drug that increases the proportion of patients who survive without dependency is thrombolytic therapy by intravenous (i.v.) tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA). This treatment is entered into routine practice with similar results than in trials, in various places of the world including Europe and Japan. Stroke and dementia are closely related. About one patient in ten has dementia before a first-ever stroke, and more than one in three has dementia after a recurrent stroke. Pre-existing dementia is associated with a worse outcome of stroke, and pre-existing cognitive impairment without dementia is associated with a higher rate of institutionalisation within 3 years. In many patients cognitive impairment is due to the summation of the effects of vascular and Alzheimer lesions of the brain. More and more patients nowadays who are eligible for rt-PA are already known as demented at admission. A retrospective study conducted in a cohort of patients with dementia who had an ischaemic stroke and were treated by rtPA suggested that there is no increased risk of cerebral bleeding and death as compared with non demented patients. However, pre-existing cognitive impairment is possibly associated with (i) an increased risk of bleeding in patients with cognitive impairment, and (ii) a higher sensitivity to the neurotoxic effect of rt-PA on the brain tissue. Japanese patients differ from European patients by a higher risk of spontaneous intracranial haemorrhage, and a higher proportion of patients with small-vessel diseases. The primary objective of the OPHELIE-COG study is to determine whether ischaemic stroke patients who are treated with i.v. rt-PA are more likely to have a poor outcome (defined as a modified Rankin scale 2 to 6 at month 3) in the presence of pre-existing cognitive impairment or dementia. The secondary objectives are to determine whether (i) they have an increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhages, (ii) the proportion of patients who have a poor outcome is lower than expected from the placebo group of randomised trials for patients with a similar range of baseline severity, and (iii) the influence of the cognitive state on outcome differs between Japanese and European patients.
The University of Washington's Northwest Research Group on Aging is partnering with Area Agencies on Aging (AAA) in Washington and Oregon to complete this translational investigation of RDAD (Reducing Disabilities in Alzheimer's Disease). RDAD is an evidence-based program with demonstrated efficacy in helping older adults with dementia maintain physical function and remain physically and mentally healthy. This study asks two questions: 1) Can AAA partners successfully translate and implement RDAD, and 2) Is AAA implementation of RDAD effective in producing desired outcomes among agencies, providers, and older adults with dementia and their family members. This study is being conducted in Washington and Oregon states.
The exact neuronal mechanism underlying the cognitive decline associated with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) still remains to be elucidated. Multi-parametric functional MRI can potentially provide functional, micro-structural, micro-vascular, and metabolic information on the affected brain at an earlier stage than does conventional structural MRI. The overall aim of the current proposal is to obtain a better understanding in the neuronal mechanisms that underlie cognitive decline in DM2 and the putative prediabetic condition the metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Various issues had been pointed out when undergoing the anesthesia for elderly patients with sevoflurane, such as delayed emergence, post-operative trouble with swallowing. Desflurane, which has a lower blood/gas partition coefficient, is expected to contribute the better emergence, along with the recent progress on optimization of delivered amount of anesthesia. The purpose of this study is to compare the time to emergence in long elderly patient cases with desflurane or sevoflurane, with the recently developed drug-delivery optimization system "Aisys®" (GE Healthcare Japan).
A pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted in a random sample of 120 non-demented Chinese elders (ages 60-79) living in a defined community in Shanghai, China to compare the effects of interventions (fast walking, Tai Chi, group intellectual discussion) to no intervention with respect to change in cognition and whole brain volume determined by repeated neuropsychological batteries and MRI scans. Aims included determining the feasibility of recruiting and retaining a random sample of people age 60+ for such a trial as well as collection of preliminary data on the efficacy of the interventions. The long-term goal of this research program is to determine whether sustained physical and/or mental exercise interventions are efficacious in delaying the onset of dementia and to understand the role and mechanisms of brain growth in this process.
The purpose of this study is to examine the efficacy of the Ubiquitous Spaced Retrieval-based Memory Advancement and Rehabilitation Training (U-SMART) in the elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by an open-label, controlled, crossover Trial.
Probiotics, due to their ability to modulate intestinal flora, intestinal permeability and immune response, could decrease bacterial translocation and improve immune system alterations in cirrhosis. This could lead not only to improvement in liver function and to prevent bacterial infections and other complications but also to improve CD and to avoid its consequences falls, HRQoL deterioration). Recently, the investigators have observed that VSL#3 administration to rats with experimental cirrhosis decreases bacterial translocation, inflammatory response and ascites formation, without changes in intestinal flora. This suggests an improvement in intestinal barrier that deserves further investigation. VSL#3, through decreasing intestinal bacterial translocation and immune system modulation, could improve cognitive function and prevent the consequences of CD, including falls and HRQoL deterioration, in patients with cirrhosis.
This is an efficacy study evaluating a experimental treatment for cognitive deficits in adults with schizophrenia.
To Evaluate the Effectiveness of an Electronic Training Program for Orienting and Interpreting [18F]flutemetamol Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Images.
Cognitive impairment, or problems with thinking and memory, is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can occur independently of physical disability. It is the most common reason, along with physical fatigue, for MS patients to stop working. The most frequent complaint is problems with multi-tasking or thinking quickly, which corresponds to impairment in the cognitive domain of processing speed. Currently there is treatment available to prevent relapses and physical disability but there are no medications that have been shown to treat cognitive impairment. Amphetamines have been beneficial for selective attention and processing speed in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and traumatic brain injury. This is study will determine whether Adderall XR improves objective measures of processing speed and attention in MS patients impaired in this cognitive domain, by comparing two doses of Adderall XR (5 and 10mg) to placebo before and after the medication is administered. The results of this study will help provide data to design a larger study to determine if Adderall XR, and potentially other amphetamine drugs, will help treat cognitive impairment in MS patients.