View clinical trials related to Cholera.
Filter by:The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of a large-scale urban water supply improvement intervention on cholera and other diarrhoeal diseases. The study uses a step wedge cluster randomised controlled trial (SWcRCT) to measure the effect of the intervention on cholera centre admission rates and confirmed cholera cases. A nested cohort study will examine changes in water-related practices following the intervention.
The investigators aim to evaluated a public health program in Haiti that introduced an oral cholera vaccine as part of comprehensive control efforts for a major cholera epidemic. Although the vaccine (Shanchol(R)) had been demonstrated to be very safe, and effective at preventing cholera in many settings, it had not extensively been used to control an outbreak, and it had not been extensively studied in populations that were previously naive to cholera (i.e. countries that had never had cholera before). This cholera epidemic was the first ever report of cholera in Haiti. After the cholera vaccination campaign was complete, the investigators aimed to evaluate the field efficacy of the vaccination campaign by evaluating the number of cases of cholera, and determining if cholera patients had been vaccinated. The investigators compared the rate of vaccination in cholera cases to controls from the community that had not had cholera in a case-control study. The investigators also performed a second study - a bias-indicator study - that enrolled patients with non-cholera diarrhea, and community controls. The role of the bias-indicator study was to evaluate for potential sources of bias, since the investigators could expect that cholera vaccination should have no effect on non-cholera diarrhea.
Cholera, a rapidly dehydrating watery diarrheal disease transmitted through water or food contaminated with the bacterium, Vibrio cholerae, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in low income countries like Bangladesh. In our country, Cholera disease burden consists of both cholera outbreaks and endemic cholera comprising at least 300,000 severe cases and 1.2 million infections each year. To combat this situation, Vaccination against cholera has been proved effective both in endemic and epidemic settings. But, the WHO recommended Dukoral and Prequalified Shanchol are quite expensive for our country perspective. Therefore, locally manufactured OCV can improve the cost effectiveness and make it affordable for all. The hypothesis of this proposal is that Locally produced orally administered whole cell inactivated HL-OCV test formulations A and B are safe and immunogenic in adults and children in Bangladesh as compared to ShancholTM. The results of the study will allow us to understand the safety and immunogenicity outcome of the HL-OCV compared to Shanchol vaccine. The total sample size will be 840 healthy participants. 840 healthy participants (360 adults, 240 Children and Adolescent and 240 young children) of 18-45 years, 5- less than 18 years and 1 year to less than 5 years will be enrolled in the study. Children whose parents/guardians give voluntary consent will be enrolled in the study. The investigators will provide 2 dose of vaccine for three groups in 14 days interval. Test formulations will be locally manufactured and the comparator group will get Shanchol. The Investigators propose to collect three blood samples (Day 0, 14 and 28).
To evaluate and compare the safety and immunogenicity of the Cholvax with ShancholTM, Investigators will conduct a clinical trial study Bangladeshi healthy adults and children. Cholvax is locally produced orally administered whole cell inactivated bivalent cholera vaccine. Incepta vaccine Limited, a leading pharmaceutical company in Bangladesh is now producing the oral cholera vaccine, Cholvax with technological support from International Vaccine Institute (IVI). Cholvax meets international Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards and WHO production guidelines. Cholvax has the same formulation as ShancholTM in terms of strains and formulation. By this transfer of technology, it expected that the vaccine will become available for use in public health programs in Bangladesh and in the future in other cholera-affected countries in Asia and Africa to control endemic cholera, as well as to help control large-scale epidemics and outbreaks. Investigators will also evaluate and compare the safety and immunogenicity of 3 Cholvax lots (lot-to-lot consistency).
To evaluate the preventive impact, demand, acceptability, uptake, feasibility, and cost-effectiveness of a two-dose regimen of the OCV Shanchol in children living in urban slums in Bangladesh, Investigators will conduct a targeted mass immunization programme, using an innovative approach successfully deployed by the Bangladesh government in its recent countrywide campaign of MR vaccination of 52 million children aged 9 months to 14 years (<15 years). Investigators will undertake a census of a geographic population of approximately 300,000 persons, with GIS locations of each household. This census will be updated every 6 months during the follow-up period to permit tracking of births, deaths, and migrations, including changes in location of each individual's residence. Following the initial census, the OCV will be offered to all non-pregnant individuals aged 1 to 14 years. Operational research and economic studies will evaluate the coverage, feasibility, acceptability, demand, costs and cost-effectiveness of this vaccination programme.
The aim of the study is to generate safety and immunogenicity data with Shanchol in The Philippines Objectives: - To describe the safety after each dose of Shanchol vaccine. - To describe the immunogenicity after each dose of Shanchol vaccine.
Rationale: Infections are an important worldwide cause of death, both in elderly and young children. Therefore, support of immunity could help to reduce the incidence of infections. To screen the potential of specific foods or food ingredients to support immunity, oral vaccination can serve as a model. In this study, oral cholera vaccination will be applied in human adult volunteers, and used as a model to study the support of the immune response by raw milk. Objective: To investigate whether raw milk is able to enhance the immune response as induced by oral cholera vaccination. Study design: The study is designed as a single-blind randomized controlled trial of 4 weeks. Study population: Healthy subjects of 18-50 years of age. Intervention: Raw milk, obtained from farms that comply to the high quality requirements for production of raw milk, and that has been screened according to the safety criteria for raw milk.
To compare the ability of a single dose of PXVX0200 at two different dose levels, to placebo to elicit a significant antibody response 14 days after vaccination, compared to baseline. To compare the ability of a single dose of PXVX0200 to a comparator vaccine Shanchol, a two dose administration, to elicit antibody response by 14 days after vaccination.
Demonstrate that the vaccine offers protection based on antibody levels in older adults and is similar to antibody levels in adults aged 18-45 following vaccination with PXVX0200.
The primary goal of this Phase III study is to compare 3 lots for consistency of manufacture.