View clinical trials related to Child Development.
Filter by:This study will pilot a family-focused, behavioral health intervention while also developing and piloting mHealth tools to support Community Health Workers (CHWs) in Sierra Leone. This dual focus will help build capacity both for delivery of evidence-based mental health services to reduce family violence and harsh parenting practices, and for effective use of mHealth strategies to improve healthcare delivery quality. This study will leverage Government of Sierra Leone investments in community health initiatives as a strategy to address critical healthcare workforce limitations that plague delivery of evidence-based interventions to vulnerable families in post-conflict Sierra Leone. Study aims are to: Aim 1. Employ a five-phase user-centered design approach to develop and test mHealth tools to improve training, supervision, and fidelity monitoring of Community Health Workers. Study investigators hypothesize that mHealth tools will be feasible, acceptable, and user-friendly. Aim 2. Conduct a Randomized Controlled Pilot Study to assess feasibility, acceptability, costs and preliminary effects of the mHealth-supported delivery of FSI-ECD on parent mental health, emotion regulation, and familial violence in high risk families with children aged 6-36 months (n=40) in comparison to control families (n=40) who receive standard care. Parental mental health, emotion regulation, household violence, and parenting practices will be assessed at baseline, post-intervention and 6-month follow-up. Study investigators hypothesize that (a) the effects of the FSI-ECD will be comparable to results observed with vulnerable families in Rwanda; (b) digital tools will be feasible and acceptable to CHWs and supervisors. Aim 3. Leverage well-established relationships and government partners to strengthen capacity for mHealth research and quality healthcare delivery in Sierra Leone. Partners include the University of Makeni, the Directorate of Science, Technology and Innovation, and the Ministry of Health and Sanitation.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the effects of individual and combined water, sanitation, hygiene, and nutrition interventions in early childhood on child development and maternal mental health persist into middle childhood. This study is a follow-up assessment of the children and mothers enrolled in the WASH-Benefits Bangladesh study.
In this study the investigators will follow the neurodevelopmental outcome of children with in utero ZIKV exposure who do not have microcephaly or severe abnormalities consistent with Congenital Zika Syndrome. The ZIKV-exposed children will be compared to non-ZIKV exposed controls. Children will be assessed at age 3 and 4 years using standardized neurodevelopmental assessments. Children will also have neurodevelopmental assessment at age 5 and 7 years along with a brain MRI at age 7 years.
This study involves efforts to advance the science of prevention in early childhood mental health in low-resource communities. Investigators will assess the effectiveness, practical implementation strategies, and underlying mechanisms of the evidence-based intervention, ParentCorps-Professional Development, in urban and rural Uganda. Two implementation approaches, with and without the teacher stress management package, T-Wellness, will be compared for efficacy.
Home visiting programs for pregnant women aiming to improve mother-infant relationship has received worldwide attention in the past 30 years. These programs are considered an important strategy to improve women's health during pregnancy, aside from improving child's birthing conditions and allowing parents access to tools which will nurture and properly stimulate their baby, thus promoting emotional and cognitive development. Objectives: The "Nurse home visitation program for pregnant youth" aims to promote infant´s healthy development, from pregnancy to the first months of life, in a high-risk population. Methods: Eighty young pregnant women aged between 14 and 21 years were randomly allocated to the intervention or to usual prenatal care program. The "Nurse home visitation program for pregnant youth" was developed based on Albert Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, on Urie Bronfenbrenner´s bioecological model, which recognizes the importance of individual and family inclusion in various contexts of social life, on John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth evolutionary theories of attachment, which involves the care practitioner addressing issues such as environmental health, life course and parenting, bond between mother and infant, and infant´s social and cognitive development. Neuropsychomotor development will be assessed at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months using the Bayley Scale of Infant Development. Brain development will be assessed via electroencephalography at 6, 12 and 24 months.
The series of the 3-year study aims to explore parents' experience of caring for a child's weight change among parents of children and adolescents with cancer, examine the associations and trends among muscle wasting and health-related variables, and then implement and assess effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach with a personalized physical activity (walking) training intervention on improving muscle mass and other health-related variables.
Families who experience maternal mental illness and a variety of chronic stressors are currently underserved by the parenting programs. The investigators propose that impairments in maternal self-regulation, which result in unsupportive parenting, directly impact children's own self-regulation and neurobiology, leading to risk for intergenerational transmission of mental illness. The objective of this study is to develop and evaluate a program that is targeted at improving underlying self-regulatory mechanisms in both mothers with depression and their 3 to 5-year-old children. It is hypothesized that children exposed to maternal mental illness will have greater self-regulatory deficits across emotional and behavioural domains, compared to children not exposed to mental illness. The effects of maternal mental illness are expected to be compounded for children of mothers reporting a higher degree of chronic stressors, including poverty, housing instability, violence, and low social support. Further, it is hypothesized that taking a dual-generation intervention approach to addressing self-regulatory mechanisms underlying psychopathology at the level of the mother, child, and dyad (i.e. parenting interactions) will improve both maternal capacities and child outcomes. The objectives for this study are to 1) establish a better understanding of the self-regulatory processes that are altered in preschool-aged children exposed to maternal mental illness, and determine the mediating role of parenting behaviours, as well as the moderating impact of chronic stress exposure; and 2) develop and evaluate a novel dual-generation intervention for mothers with mental illness and their 3 to 5-year-old children based on existing gold-standard evidence-based approaches.
The Shanghai Sleep Birth Cohort Study (SSBC) is a prospective observational study investigating the sleep condition of women in their third trimester and children from the age of 42 days to 6 years. Both subjective and objective tools were used to assess different sleep characteristics, including sleep duration, sleep rhythm and sleep quality. From August 2012 to June 2013, total 277 pregnant women from the eastern division of Renji Hospital in Pudong New Area, Shanghai were included in the study. Demographic information, physical examination, developmental and psychiatric assessment, diet and physical activity, as well as biological samples were collected for further analysis. Main findings of the current study showed the effect of sleep disturbances during the third trimester on emotional regulation and the influence of different sleep characteristics on children's social-emotional development
In recent years, with the rising prevalence of obesity among children, the incidence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents has continued to be increased. Some studies have found that impaired glucose metabolism appeared in 10-20% obese children. A large multicenter study project for children and adolescents showed that the prevalence of type 2 diabetes among children in the United States increased by 30.5% between 2001 and 2009. In addition, diabetes in children and adolescents, especially type 2 diabetes, has become more and more "younger". Diabetes appears in adolescence, which indicates that the damage of diabetes may come earlier, and it also has a significant impact on life quality and long-term survival. In recent years, more and more studies have shown that many adverse factors in the perinatal period would increase the risk of offspring suffering from metabolic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Early life environmental factors would change the transcription and expression of obesity and diabetes-related genes through epigenetic regulation without changing the nucleotide sequence of the gene, then affecting the function of the gene and leading to diseases. Compared with the control group, pre-pregnant obese mothers and gestational diabetes mothers had higher DNA methylation levels in placenta leptin, which led to differences in the expression of leptin of offspring. A recent meta-analysis shows that the exposure to various social and environmental factors (diet, sleep, stress, bad habits, etc.) during pregnancy will affect the offspring. Due to the expression or methylation of CpG islands, these changes eventually lead to a variety of diseases including diabetes of offspring. However, most of previous researches mainly focused on the genetics or environmental factors. Meanwhile, most of the research focused on the Caucasian population. The differences between Asians and Westerners were few reported.
Poor parenting practices and compromised child self-regulation when a child is 2 ½ - 4 ½ years old are foundational in promoting their later healthy development and adaptive functioning. This project will test whether targeting depressive symptoms with a prenatal preventive intervention prevents disruptions in well-regulated parenting and child self-regulation known to affect families with depressed mothers. This project may have great benefit to society, as preventive interventions delivered prenatally have the potential to influence long-term trajectories of parenting practices and child development which, in turn, can chart a course for future child health and well-being.