Cardiovascular Diseases Clinical Trial
Official title:
Chronic and Acute Effect of Smoking on the Left and Right Ventricular Systolic and Diastolic Function in Young Healthy Smokers
Impairment of relaxation, the early phase of ventricular diastole is the first stage of
heart diastolic dysfunction. Left ventricular diastolic function can be determined
noninvasively by Echo- Doppler – derived mitral valve flow velocities. The addition of
pulmonary venous flow pattern enables more accurate assessment of left ventricle diastolic
function. The role of the right ventricle in haemodynamic function of the heart is now
emphasized. The right ventricle diastolic function can be assess by recording the Doppler
tricuspid valve flow pattern. Impaired LV diastolic function usually precedes systolic
dysfunction and may cause clinical signs of congestive heart failure. Cigarette smoking is
one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to
assess left and right ventricular diastolic function in healthy, young and slim smokers
before and after smoking one cigarette.
Echocardiographic examination: before and after smoking one cigarette Echocardiographic
evaluation of mitral valve flow, pulmonary venous flow, tricuspid valve flow and hepatic
vein flow to assess diastolic function of ventricles.
Echocardiographic examination: in left lateral position after 10 minutes rest. The first
examination: after a 2-hour non-smoking period, the second: immediately after smoking one
cigarette containing 0.9 mg of nicotine. The duration of the second examination: no more
than 15 minutes.
Echocardiography equipment: Hewlett-Packard SONOS 2000 (Andover, Massachusetts) imaging
system. The transducer’s frequency: 2 MHz.
From the apical four chamber view the visualisation of transmitral flow, pulmonary venous
flow and transtricuspid flow. From subcostal view the visualisation of right superior
hepatic vein and the hepatic vein flow.
;
Observational Model: Defined Population, Time Perspective: Cross-Sectional
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