View clinical trials related to Cachexia.
Filter by:Child wasting is a type of malnutrition which occurs when a child becomes too thin. This medical condition increases the risk of becoming sick or dying. A child with severe wasting needs to be seen in a medical consultation to check on health status and to receive some medicine and a medical food supplement for daily consumption until cured. Yet, only a small proportion of children suffering from severe wasting are presently receiving appropriate treatment. In Kenya, there is an opportunity to build on the existing network of community health promoters (CHPs) to increase the number of children with wasting who are identified and treated. In intervention areas, CHPs will be equipped with smartphones and an application which provides guidance on household members to visit and simple actions to take, related to health. CHPs will distribute color-coded mid-upper arm circumference tapes to households with young children and train caregivers on how to use it. After training, CHPs will send Short Message Services (SMS) to remind caregivers to regularly measure the arm circumference of the child. In addition, CHPs will receive a scale to measure the weight of children every month. Finally, wasted children registered in the treatment program who fail to attend a planned consultation will be flagged to their CHP through the phone application, and CHPs will conduct a specific home visit to investigate and help solve potential issues. The study will assess whether this community intervention (called SWITCH) allows to identify and treat more children suffering from severe wasting. Before the start of the intervention, the proportion of wasted children receiving treatment in 40 community units in Turkana South, Turkana East and Aroo will be assessed. After this survey, a computer will randomly select 20 community units where the intervention will be scaled up. The survey will be repeated after 2 years to assess if the proportion of severely wasted children receiving treatment is higher in the area where the intervention was scaled up compared to the area where it was not scaled up. In addition, after 1 year of implementation, the study will assess how the intervention was scaled up, what are the main challenges, and what are the overall perceptions on the intervention in the community among those who receive it and those who deliver it. Finally, costs of the various components of the intervention will be measured for all actors involved, including for caregivers.
The R-SWITCH intervention aims to address the low coverage of treatment for severe wasting (SAM) by leveraging existing community groups to deliver an integrated package focused on prevention, screening, referral, and treatment of SAM. It includes behavior change communication on child nutrition and health, active screening, improved passive screening at health posts, and follow-up of referred cases and those enrolled in outpatient treatment programs (OTP). The primary objectives of the R-SWITCH studies are to assess the intervention's impact on OTP coverage, identify implementation barriers and facilitators, and evaluate its cost-efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
Primary Objective To investigate if patients hospitalised for older adults with a decreased level of physical function, either related to a chronic condition e.g., COPD, Congestive heart failure, renal failure; infections; frailty and tendency of falling; orthopaedic surgery - after hip fracture will increase their time spent out of bed during hospitalisation and 3 months after discharge through visual feedback and motivational intervention about physical activities from a new mobile technology. Hypothesis Patients hospitalised for medical disease will increase their physical activity level during hospitalisation and 3 months after discharge through visual feedback and motivational intervention from a new mobile technology.
The prevalence of cancer with cachexia is rising sharply. More than 80% of digestive cancer patients are affected by cancer cachexia. Cachexia leads to weight loss, and reduces quality of life (QoL), cancer treatment response and survival. Exercise could counteract the deleterious effects of cachexia. The 2CAPA study aims to assess the effectiveness of a 12-week exercise program on various symptoms associated with cancer cachexia, including Health-Related QoL (HRQoL), fatigue, appetite, body composition, physical fitness, and physical activity levels. Additionally, it seeks to examine compliance with the exercise program, identify barriers to regular exercise and determine how compliance influences physical and psychological effects. Furthermore, this study aims to determine the maintenance of physical activity levels and the effects post-program for one year follow-up on cachexia-related symptoms. Methods: This study will include 31 cancer patients with cachexia. Participants will receive a supervised exercise program lasting 12-weeks with two sessions per week combining endurance and resistance training. Outcomes include HRQoL, fatigue, appetite, anthropometric parameters, physical performances, and physical activity levels at baseline, at the end of the 12-week exercise program, and at 3-, 6- and 12- months post-intervention.
The goal of this observational study is to compare the effectiveness, safety, and efficiency of the simplified protocol, which includes the following three modifications: a) use of a single treatment product (RUTF), b) reduced dose, c) expanded cut-offs, with the standard protocol based on the 2023 World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months, in outpatient care services of the states of Bolívar, Capital District, La Guaira, and Miranda of Venezuela. The main question it aims to answer is: What is the effectiveness, safety, and efficiency of the simplified protocol, which includes these three modifications (use of a single treatment product (RUTF), reduced dose, expanded cut-offs) when compared to a standard protocol that is based on the 2023 WHO guidelines for the prevention and treatment of acute malnutrition in children aged 6 to 59 months in the outpatient care services of the states of Bolívar, Capital District, La Guaira, and Miranda of Venezuela? This prospective cohort, longitudinal study will be conducted in 4 states, treating children aged 6-59 months diagnosed with uncomplicated AM, defined as WHZ <-2 or mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC) <125mm or bilateral edema. Children will be prospectively followed for 16 weeks or until their recovery. Researchers will compare the simplified protocol cohort with the standard protocol cohort to determine which one has the best effectiveness, safety, and efficiency indicators in the Venezuela context. The effectiveness of the treatment will be measured by the recovery rate, duration of the treatment, and changes in anthropometry (weight, height, and arm circumference). Other treatment effects will also be measured, including how many are admitted to the hospital, death, and relapse rates from the nutritional program. An economic evaluation component will be incorporated. Total costs will be aggregated and presented as costs per child treated and per child recovered.
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies, the morbidity and mortality of which are among the highest. In cancer patients, the incidence of cachexia is very high, and even 80% of patients will eventually develop into cachexia. However, once gastric cancer patients develop cachexia, patients are unlikely to obtain clinically significant benefits from conventional treatment. Therefore, it is important to find biomarkers for early detection of cachexia. The investigators carried out a plasma-derived exosomal microRNA(miRNA) study for early diagnosis of cachexia in gastric cancer, and the development of early diagnosis kits for gastric cancer cachexia.
Heart failure is a condition in which the heart stops pumping effectively, causing symptoms such as breathlessness or leg swelling. It affects around 900,000 people in the United Kingdom. As our population gets older, this number will continue rise. It is a condition with poor overall survival - nearly 50% of patients die within 5 years of being diagnosed with heart failure. Cardiac cachexia is a complex condition associated with heart failure. There is general loss of muscle with or without loss of fat in cardiac cachexia. The main feature of cardiac cachexia is therefore unintentional weight loss in heart failure patients. The reason why it develops is poorly understood currently. Importantly, some studies have shown that cardiac cachexia is more likely to lead to poorer outcomes (such as death) in the patients who develop it. However, there have been no studies, to our knowledge, that look at this condition in those patients who have very weak hearts ('advanced heart failure'). The investigators are looking to clarify how common cardiac cachexia is within advanced heart failure patients, and secondly how outcomes compare to those advanced heart failure patients that do not have the condition. With this in mind, the investigators will be able to establish the fuller impact cardiac cachexia has on survival and outcomes in patients with advanced heart failure. This study will involve assessing a group of ~200 advanced heart failure patients for cardiac cachexia to establish an estimate of how common it is overall. The investigators will then follow up the patients over a year, to see if we can assess the impact of cardiac cachexia on survival and outcomes. Overall, the investigators therefore hope this study will give a more robust picture on the true impact of cardiac cachexia in advanced heart failure. By doing so, the investigators will firstly highlight its importance to other clinicians who will better be able to monitor and or diagnose it, and secondly pave way for more research on a potential treatment strategy for this condition.
The study purpose is to measure REE by indirect calorimetry and to determine limits of agreement with confidence intervals between measured REE and predictive equations for determination of energy requirements in patients with incurable cancer. Clinical factors associated with hyper- and hypometabolism will be elucidated. Data will be obtained from patient journals in combination with measurements of REE and registration of survival. Data will be collected at one timepoint and survival will be monitored prospectively.
The goal of this clinical trial study is to test effects of leucine-enriched branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) in critically ill patients. The main questions it aims to answer are: • How are the changes in muscle thickness between groups at baseline and end of study • Is there a decrease in interleukin-6 levels between groups at baseline and end of study • Is there a decrease in sequential organ failure assessment score between groups at baseline and end of study. Participants will be given leucine-enriched branched-chain amino acid 40 g/day enterally or parenterally for 10 days. Researchers will compare with control groups to see if there is any changes between groups at baseline and end of study.
Patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer are at high risk of cancer cachexia with an estimated prevalence of 60-80%. Cancer cachexia is defined as ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass and is associated with impaired quality of life, loss of physical function, treatment intolerability, and increased mortality. Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome, and in patients with gastroesophageal cancer, the wasting is compounded by a high prevalence of dysphagia. To date, no drug therapy has been approved for the treatment for cancer cachexia. Sufficient nutritional support is imperative in cachexia treatment, but to effectively treat cancer cachexia there is a need to fully understand the biological mechanisms underpinning the wasting syndrome. The primary objective of the present cohort study is to determine the incidence and extend of skeletal muscle wasting in patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer. The investigators will also investigate the prevalence of low skeletal muscle at time of diagnosis. The secondary objective is to investigate, if loss of skeletal muscle is associated with treatment intolerance and increased mortality. Furthermore, the investigators aim to explore factors differentially expressed in the circulation, in skeletal muscle, and in adipose tissue of patients experiencing wasting compared with patients not experiencing wasting. The study is a prospective cohort study including patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer referred to first line chemotherapy. Blood and plasma samples as well as clinical and simple functional assessments will be obtained from all patients. The participants will also be offered to take part in a sub-study in which, we will collect skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue. The main questions the investigators aim to answer are: - What is the prevalence and extent of skeletal muscle mass wasting in patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer? - Are the loss of skeletal muscle mass and low skeletal muscle mass associated with treatment intolerability and overall survival in patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer? - Can there be identified potential biological processes and factors in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and plasma that contribute to the loss of skeletal muscle mass in patients with incurable gastroesophageal cancer?