View clinical trials related to Brain Neoplasms.
Filter by:This research study is studying radiation therapy as a possible treatment for meningioma or tumor on the lining of the brain. The study drug or intervention involved in this research study is Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT)
Significant advances in primary malignant brain tumors (PBT) treatment have led to dramatically improved survival, both in children and adults. However, survival has not come without a cost and aggressive treatment methods associated with significant long-term adverse effects, often referred to as "late effects" (Panigrahy & Blüml, 2009). These effects are the medical, physical, cognitive and psychosocial sequelae associated with cancer and its treatments that generally emerge two to five years after treatment ends (e.g., Landier & Bhatia, 2008). The most serious challenge survivors of brain tumors face may be cognitive dysfunction. One especially important cognitive domain is executive functioning, which refers to essential factors such as problem-solving, goal-directed behavior and the ability to maintain stable interpersonal relationships (Lezak et al., 2004). Despite the potential impact of executive impairments on behavioral regulation and quality of life, few studies were conducted with survivors of PBT specifically for the assessment of executive functioning. Another fundamental neuro-cognitive domain is social cognition, which refers to the ability to understand the intentions and beliefs of others (Frith & Singer, 2008). Social cognitive deficits are expected to impair autonomy and relationships, but scarce attention has been devoted to the study of social cognition in survivors of PBT and no study has attempted to compare socio-cognitive data and measures of health-related quality of life. It is noteworthy that executive function and socio-cognitive skills improve throughout childhood and adolescence, and improvements in these skills have frequently been attributed to maturation of the brain, especially the prefrontal cortex (e.g., Tamnes et al., 2010). This suggests a greater impact of the disease and its treatment on these functions in children/adolescents.
This clinical research will evaluate the diagnostic potential of fluorescein as visualized through an operating microscope relative to 1) contrast enhancement on co-registered preoperative MR scans, 2) intraoperative ALA-induced PpIX fluorescence and 3) gold-standard histology obtained from biopsy sampling during the procedure. Subjects will include those people with operable brain tumor with first-time presumed pre-surgical diagnosis of high-grade glioma or low-grade glioma.
The purpose of this phase 2 trial is to study the activity of pembrolizumab in combination with bevacizumab in patients with untreated brain metastases from melanoma or NSCLC to determine activity and safety of the drug combination. Furthermore, in patients who undergo resection of biopsy of a brain metastasis, we will evaluate biomarkers predictive of treatment benefit, and will also conduct correlative biomarker studies on extra-cerebral specimens in all patients in whom a systemic biopsy is feasible or in archival tumor tissue when available. A total of 53 eligible patients will be enrolled on this trial (40 with melanoma and 13 with NSCLC). Individual cohorts of the study can be stopped if insufficient activity is observed in the first stage of that cohort. The study will accrue for approximately 84 months, and will be open for approximately 12 additional months as patients on study are being followed.
The investigators propose a new treatment strategy of fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery with concurrent bevacizumab for brain metastases. This phase I dose-escalation study is to establish the feasibility of this strategy and find the recommended doses.
This is an open-label, randomized, multicenter phase II study conducting in 3 medical centers in Asia. Patients will receive erlotinib in combination with bevacizumab or erlotinib alone. This study will enroll EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients who have asymptomatic brain metastases. The primary objective is to compare the systemic progression-free survival (PFS) to bevacizumab plus erlotinib versus erlotinib alone in patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC who have asymptomatic brain metastases.
SRS dose escalation for brain metastases in radiation-naïve patients will establish true tolerable doses, which may exceed the current standard doses. This may lead to an improvement in local control, patient survival, and/or quality-of life.
Background: Some people with brain tumors have seizures related to the tumor. This is called tumor-related epilepsy. Usually brain tumors are treated by removing as much of the brain tumor as possible without causing problems. Researchers think this may improve the outcome for people with brain tumors. It may completely relieve or greatly reduce the number of seizures they have. Objectives: To evaluate people with brain tumors that are associated with seizures and to offer surgical treatment. Also, to study how surgery affects seizures. Eligibility: People age 8 and older who have a brain tumor with associated seizures. They must be willing to have brain surgery to treat their epilepsy. Design: Participants will be screened with a review of their medical records. Participants will have a medical history and physical exam. Participants will be admitted to the hospital at NIH. They will have Medical history Physical exam Neurological exam Tests of memory, attention, and thinking Questions about their symptoms and quality of life Blood drawn They may also have: MRI or CT scan. They will lie on a table that slides in and out of a machine that takes pictures. For part of the MRI, they will get a dye through an intravenous (IV) catheter. Video electroencephalography monitoring. Electrodes will be placed on the scalp. The participant s brain waves will be recorded while doing normal activities. Participants will be videotaped. Participants will keep a seizure diary before and after surgery. Participants will have surgery to remove their brain tumor and the brain area where their seizures start. They will stay in the hospital up to a week after surgery. Participants have for follow-up visits at NIH.
Background: Neurobehavioral functions and quality of life (QoL) are the important outcome measurements after radiotherapy in patients with brain tumors and even head/neck cancers. However, few studies have focused on neurobehavioral functions and QoL after anti-cancer treatment particularly brain radiotherapy for pediatric/adolescent patients with brain tumors. This study thus aims to prospectively evaluate those functions in pediatric or adolescent patients with brain or head/neck tumors in order to provide useful information about their clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 72 pediatric/adolescent patients, who are diagnosed with brain tumors or head/neck cancers, were prospectively recruited. Neurobehavioral functions will be evaluated using a neuropsychological battery, which includes general cognitive functions, intelligence, memory, executive functions, information processing and emotional/behavioral expressions. The QoL will be evaluated by the health-related QoL questionnaire. All participants will be examined at six phases, which include pre-treatment, 1-month post-treatment, 4-month post-treatment, 1-year post-treatment, 2-year post-treatment and 3-year post-treatment. Expected results: Patients'neurobehavioral functions and QoL will show significant improvement after treatment, and the improvement will not be diminished across each post-treatment phase.
Patients undergoing intracranial procedures may experience severe hypertension and tachycardia due to intracranial hypertension and to increased release of adrenaline. Preventing perioperative sympathetic activity is of great importance. A common technique is using b-blockers like esmolol, which effectively block perioperative hemodynamic changes during intracranial surgery. A2 agonists, like Dexmedetomidine-Dex are now being used as a component of a balanced anesthesia during neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate whether esmolol or dex attenuates perioperative changes in patients undergoing elective craniotomy with fast track neuroanesthesia.