View clinical trials related to Brain Neoplasms.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of GRN1005 in patients with brain metastases from breast cancer. For patients with HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer, GRN1005 will be assessed in combination with Trastuzumab (Herceptin®) as per standard-of-care practice. In addition, this study will evaluate the ability of 18F-FLT to determine if the amount of change in the uptake in the brain metastases from breast cancer after GRN1005 treatment, correlates with intra-cranial response (for patients enrolled at NCI).
The purpose of this Phase 1/2, open-label, single-arm study is to determine the safety and the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of VAL-083 in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Pharmacokinetic (PK) properties will be explored and tumor responses to treatment will be evaluated.
Brain tumors account for only 2% of all cancers but result in a disproportionate share of cancer morbidity and mortality. The five-year survival rates for the most common histologic subtypes, anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiforme, GBM), are 30% and 10%, respectively. Drugs affecting transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) might be of great interest for malignant glioma treatment. TGF-β is an oncogenic factor in advanced tumors where it induces proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis as well as suppresses the antitumoral immune response. In addition TGF-β and its TGF-β receptors, TβRI and TβRII, are overexpressed in GBMs. TGF-β signaling is involved in multiple steps of GBM development. GC1008 is an antibody that is capable of neutralizing TGF-β and may therefore offer a new treatment option for patients with malignant glioma. For therapeutic success, it may be essential for GC1008 to reach the target site, in this case located in the brain. We will be able to prove this with 89Zr-GC1008 PET imaging. This imaging method also allows quantification of the amount of GC1008 reaching the tumor. This study consists of 2 parts. In part 1, patients with a suspicion of a malignant glioma undergo an 89Zr-GC1008 PET scan before standard (surgical)treatment. In part 2, patients with relapsed malignant glioma will undergo an 89Zr-GC1008 PET scan and will be treated with GC1008 in a phase II study as there is no standard treatment for these patients. We hypothesize that GC1008 uptake in brain tumors can be visualized and quantified using the 89Zr-GC1008 PET scan and GC1008 might offer a new treatment option for patients with relapsed malignant gliomas.
The goal of this clinical research study is to find a safe dose of radiation that can be given to patients with brainstem glioma who have already received radiation therapy. You will receive photon radiation therapy. This type of radiation is similar to the radiation you have already had. Conformal radiotherapy or intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) will be used to try to treat the tumor while affecting as little of the surrounding normal tissue as possible.
Background: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surgery Branch has developed an experimental therapy for treating patients with gliomas that involves taking white blood cells from the patient, growing them in the laboratory in large numbers, genetically modifying these specific cells with a type of virus (retrovirus) to attack only the tumor cells, and then giving the cells back to the patient. This type of therapy is called gene transfer. In this protocol, we are modifying the patient's white blood cells with a retrovirus that has the gene for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) vIII incorporated in the retrovirus. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine a safe number of these cells to infuse and to see if these particular tumor-fighting cells (anti-EGFRvIII cells) are a safe and effective treatment for advanced gliomas. Eligibility: - Adults age 18-70 with malignant glioma expressing the EGFRvIII molecule. Design: Work up stage: Patients will be seen as an outpatient at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) clinical Center and undergo a history and physical examination, scans, x-rays, lab tests, and other tests as needed Leukapheresis: If the patients meet all of the requirements for the study they will undergo leukapheresis to obtain white blood cells to make the anti-EGFRvIII cells. {Leukapheresis is a common procedure, which removes only the white blood cells from the patient.} Treatment: Once their cells have grown, the patients will be admitted to the hospital for the conditioning chemotherapy, the anti-EGFRvIII cells, and aldesleukin. They will stay in the hospital for about 4 weeks for the treatment. Follow up: Patients will return to the clinic for a physical exam, review of side effects, lab tests, and scans every month for the first year, and then every 1-2 months as long as their tumors are shrinking. Follow up visits will take up to 2 days.
Hemiplegia (weakness or poor muscle function on one side of the body) is a neurological impairment which can occur in children as a result of a brain tumor or related treatment. This impairment can negatively impact the child's functional abilities and movement development, making it difficult for them to play, learn to feed, dress or bathe themselves, and to participate fully in home, daycare, or school environments. Poor movement skills may also impact overall quality of life. Constraint Induced Therapy is a rehabilitation technique which has been found to improve the child's abilities to move their arms following neurological injuries like stroke and traumatic brain injury in both adults and children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a constraint induced movement therapy program in a small group of children with a brain tumor and hemiplegia. Children who participate in the program may experience improved ability to use their weak arm leading to increased participation in meaningful activity and improved quality of life.
Background: - There are no standardized sets of tests to measure changes in neuropsychological functioning in patients treated for brain metastasis (cancer that has spread beyond the original site to the brain). - Neuropsychological function has an important effect on quality of life and should be included when determining treatment options. Objectives: - To find out if there is a change in patients cognitive (thinking) and daily functioning after standard radiation treatment for brain metastasis that can be measured with tests. - To see if any changes on these tests are related to patients response to radiation therapy. Eligibility: - Patients 18 years of age or older who have cancer that has spread to the brain. Design: - Patients receive a 2-week course of radiation therapy to the brain, given daily 5 days a week. Some patients may require stereotactic radiosurgery (an additional boost of radiation therapy to specific sites of brain metastasis). - Patients have the following evaluations before and after treatment to determine changes in cognition and functioning: - Neuropsychological testing to measure cognitive (thinking) abilities like memory, attention, processing speed, and reading, and fine motor skills. - Questionnaires to assess quality of life and daily living skills. - Patients have MRI scans and blood and urine tests. - At the completion of radiation treatment, patients return to the clinic for follow-up visits at 1, 2, 4, 6, 9 and 12 months for blood and urine tests, physical examination, MRI of the brain, neuropsychological testing and assessments of quality of life and daily living skills.
The goal of Phase 1 of this clinical research study is to find the highest tolerable dose and best schedule of the combination of everolimus and sorafenib that can be given to patients with malignant glioma. The goal of Phase 2 of this study to learn if the combination of everolimus and sorafenib can help to control malignant glioma. The safety of this combination will also be studied in both phases.
The investigators hypothesize that avoidance of the hippocampal region with WBRT (Whole-Brain Radiotherapy ) may delay or reduce the onset, frequency, and/or severity of NCF (neurocognitive function) decline, as measured with clinical neurocognitive tools.
Brain metastases are the most common adult intracranial tumor, occurring in approximately 10% to 30% of adult cancer patients, and represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality in this population. The standard of care for solitary brain metastasis is surgery followed by whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Without WBRT, there are unacceptably high levels of local failure that occur. Local recurrence rates ranged from approximately 45% at 1 year to 60% at 2 years after resection alone. However, aside from improvements in intra-cranial control, it is well documented that WBRT is associated with serious long term side effects, including significant decline in short term recall by as early as 4 months after treatment. Many centers are now offering patients stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to the cavity after resection alone to improve local control while avoiding the negative effects of WBRT. There have been several retrospective studies on the use of SRS to the resection cavity alone, from which the 1 year actuarial local control rates range from 35% - 82%. The high rate of in-field local failure suggests that the current dosing regimen used may not be high enough for adequate local control. Currently, the highest local control rates are approximately 80%, but there may be room for improvement with increased dose without significantly increasing the risk of side effects. The investigators propose a trial for patients after surgical resection of solitary brain metastases. The purpose of this trial will be to determine the maximum tolerated dose for single fraction SRS to the resection cavity. There will be three groups based on the resection cavity size. Dose escalation enrollment will be done sequentially within each cohort. You will know which cohort and which specific dose level you are randomized to. After treatment, which will take one day, regardless of cohort, you will be followed closely for treatment outcome and possible side effects. You will be asked to complete three quick surveys at each follow-up appointment regarding quality of life and memory in addition to standard of care surveillance brain MRI and physical exam.