View clinical trials related to Brain Mapping.
Filter by:Background: - The glymphatic system helps keep harmful waste from building up in the brain. Researchers think it is more active in people during sleep than while awake. They want to study the glymphatic system using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Objective: - To see if there are differences in the way waste is removed from the brain while a person is sleeping versus awake. Eligibility: - Healthy people age 18-60. Design: - This study is in 2 parts. - For the technical part (discontinued), participants will be screened with medical history and physical exam. They will have urine and breath alcohol tests. - Participants will have 2 MRI scans. Before the scans, they will have urine and breath alcohol tests, and complete a questionnaire. - For MRI, participants will lie on a table that slides in and out of a metal cylinder. A device will be placed over their head. They will lie still for up to 20 minutes at a time. They may be asked to stay awake or fall asleep for up to 2 hours at a time. - For the research part, participants will be screened with medical history and physical exam. They will have urine and breath alcohol tests. For 1 week they will wear a device that monitors their activity and sleep. - Participants will stay at NIH overnight. They will give a blood sample, have urine and breath alcohol tests, and complete a questionnaire. - Participants will take memory, concentration, and thinking tests. - Participants will have 3 MRI scans. An electroencephalography machine will record their brain activity. Electrodes will be placed on their scalp.
Background: - Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a brain disease caused in part by head injury. The brain changes from CTE can only be seen at autopsy. Researchers want to test a new brain scan to help diagnose CTE in living patients. Objective: - To determine if a new type of brain scan can detect changes that occur in chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Eligibility: - Adults age 18 60 with previous head injury or participation in certain sports. Design: - Participants will be screened with: - Physical exam - Blood and urine tests - Tests of thinking, mood, and memory - 30-minute magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan. A magnetic field and radio waves take pictures of the brain. Participants will lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder. They will get earplugs for the loud knocking sounds. - Visit 1: Participants will have a 70-minute PET scan of the brain with a small amount of a radioactive chemical. That will be injected through an intravenous tube (catheter) in each arm. A catheter will also be put into an artery at the wrist or elbow. - Participants will lie on a bed that slides in and out of a donut-shaped scanner. A plastic mask may be molded to their face and head. Vital signs and heart activity will be checked before and during the scan. - Blood and urine will be taken before and after the scan. - Participants will be checked on by phone the next day. - Visit 2: Participants will repeat Visit 1 with a different chemical and no artery catheter. - Visit 3: Participants may have a spinal tap. Some fluid will be removed by needle between the bones in the back.
Background: - The brain needs sleep to function normally, but the purpose of sleep is not understood. Brain activity decreases during sleep, so it may be that sleep is important to maintain, repair, or reorganize brain cells. In animals, the formation of brain proteins increases during sleep, and the same thing may happen in humans. - There is also evidence that learning and memory are helped by sleep, and that the synthesis of proteins in the brain are involved. Objectives: - To examine the formation of proteins in the brain while people are awake, deprived of sleep, and during sleep. - To look at the formation of proteins in the brain while awake or asleep and following learning a task. Eligibility: - Healthy volunteers between 18 and 28 years of age. - Volunteers must not have psychiatric, neurologic, or sleep disorders or certain types of vision problems, and must be able to undergo imaging studies. Design: - Study Part I (protein formation in waking, sleep deprivation, and sleep): - Participants will wear an actigraph (a unit to record motor activity) for 2 weeks prior to admission. - Participants will have physical and psychological examinations, along with a blood sample. - After admission participants will have three positron emission tomography (PET) scans to study protein formation and one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan over the course of two days. - Participants may be asked to stay awake for as long as 20 hours and will be monitored throughout. - Participants will be able to sleep overnight after they complete the required scans and monitoring, and will be discharged the following morning. - Study Part II (protein formation in waking and sleep combined with a learning task): - Participants will wear an actigraph (a unit to record motor activity) for 2 weeks prior to admission. - Participants will have physical and psychological examinations, along with a blood sample. - After admission participants may be asked to stay awake for as long as 20 hours and will be monitored throughout. - The next morning, participants will be trained to perform a computerized visual discrimination task, and will be tested 8 hours later (after sleep or after remaining awake) on the visual discrimination task. - Some participants may have PET and MRI scans as part of the study. - Participants will be able to sleep overnight after they complete the required tests and scans, and will be discharged the following morning. - Participants will receive financial compensation for their participation in these studies.
The purpose of this study is to test the belief that specific areas of the brain are connected differently in blind patients than patients with sight. In addition, the study will examine the different anatomical connections between brain areas of patients who became blind early in life versus patients who became blind later.
The human brain is made up of two halves called hemispheres. Each half of the brain is responsible for processing different kinds of information. Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that both the right and left hemispheres are involved when processing information given in American Sign Language (ASL). However, the study also showed that when processing spoken language, the left hemisphere was mostly involved. Researchers would like to find out more about how the brain processes American Sign Language (ASL). This study is designed to determine if the right hemisphere is necessary for normal understanding of ASL.
The purpose of this study is to use brain imaging technology to compare differences in brain structure, chemistry, and functioning in individuals with brain and mental disorders compared to healthy volunteers. Schizophrenia is a brain disorder that results from subtle changes and abnormalities in neurons. These deficits likely occur in localized regions of the brain and may result in widespread, devastating consequences. The neuronal abnormalities are inherited through a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors. Brain imaging technologies can be used to better characterize brain changes in individuals with schizophrenia. This study will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to identify predictable, quantifiable abnormalities in neurophysiology, neurochemistry and neuroanatomy that characterize schizophrenia and other neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders....