View clinical trials related to Brain Diseases.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to determine whether transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) combined with large spontaneous portosystemic shunts embolization are effective in the prevention of hepatic encephalopathy (HE).
To see if using ipod games can improve mental functioning
The purpose of this study is to study the effects of an education and skill-building intervention on family caregivers of Veterans with dementia.
The goal of this study is to assess [18F]MNI-777 PET imaging as a tool to detect tau pathology in the brain of individuals who carry a clinical diagnosis of a tauopathy, including: Alzheimer's Disease (AD),Parkinson's disease (PD) Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP), chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and Frontal Temporal Dementia (FTD) and age- and gender-matched healthy subjects.
Investigating the impact of hepatic encephalopathy on default mode networks within the brain to provide more clues with understanding the physiology of consciousness and predicting the reversibility of comatose states.
This study will explore the use of flortaucipir as a biomarker for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and examine the relationship between clinical presentation and tau deposition.
This study examines the effect of inhaled xenon gas in the treatment of newborn infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in combination with cooling, which is the standard treatment for this condition. The hypothesis is that the xenon + cooling combination will produce better neuroprotection than the standard treatment of cooling alone.
The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of medical treatment of electro-encephalographic status epilepticus on neurological outcome of patients with postanoxic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest.
Background: - Moebius syndrome limits the ability to make facial expressions like smile, frown or blink - and move the eyes laterally. It can also cause speech, swallowing or breathing difficulties and affect parts of the body, such as the limbs, jaw, muscles, or the heart. Some individuals with Moebius can have intellectual impairment or behavior problems. Researchers want to study the clinical features of individuals with Moebius or related disorders and explore the genetic and/or environmental causes of these conditions. Objective: - To learn more about the genetics and clinical characteristics of Moebius syndrome and other Congenital Facial Weakness disorders. Eligibility: - People ages 2 to 80 years with congenital facial weakness, isolated or combined with other congenital anomalies, and their family members. Design: - Participants with Moebius syndrome or other congenital facial weakness disorder will be evaluated at the NIH Clinical Research Center over 3 to 5 days and undergo the following procedures: - Medical and family history and physical examination, including body measurements and vital signs. - Blood or saliva will be collected for genetic tests and to evaluate liver, kidney, heart and hormonal functions. - Eye examination, including having a video taken of their eyes moving. - Hearing evaluation. - Speech and language assessment, including swallowing studies. - Dental exam. - Detailed neurological evaluation, including electromyogram/nerve conduction and blink reflex study. - Rehabilitation medicine evaluation, including muscle and tongue strength testing and assessment of balance. - Neurocognitive and behavioral testing and questionnaires to assess quality of life and copying mechanisms. - Imaging studies of their head, by magnetic resonance and diffusion tensor imaging -MRI/DTI. Participants will lie on a table that slides into a metal cylinder that takes images of internal body structures using magnets. Child participants may be sedated. - Some adults may have additional X-rays of their head or limbs, if there are abnormal findings. - Medical photographs of the face and affected body parts may be taken. - Other specialized tests or consultations, as indicated. - Participants can choose to have a skin biopsy taken. - A follow-up visit will be offered to participants for review of genetic test findings and possibly additional clinical tests, as indicated. Family members of the patients will have a medical and family history and physical examination. Blood or saliva will be obtained for genetic studies.
1 in 1000 babies are born suffering from a lack of oxygen. This is known as hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Infants with this condition can suffer multiple organ problems. In particular it can affect how their hearts pump blood around their body thus leading to a poor blood supply to parts of their body such as the brain. This is known as circulatory failure and can contribute to poor long term outcomes such as cerebral palsy. To try and prevent brain damage these infants are treated with total body cooling, however this treatment can further effect how babies pump blood around the body, but also how drugs which may be used by in this condition are processed. In order to assess and treat this condition doctors need to be able to accurately measure the blood supply in an infant. However there is no agreement on how best to do this. This makes decisions about when to treat an infant difficult. Sometimes doctors may want to use drugs such as dobutamine or adrenaline but these drugs are unlicensed in babies. This study proposes to observe the way babies circulatory problems are treated in babies with HIE the in the first four days of life. In addition the study will look are two new measurements of a babies blood supply to see if they are a better measure of when an infant needs treatment. This will involve an ultrasound scan of the heart and measurement of the baby's oxygen levels from a probe placed on their hand. The study will also look at how the drug dobutamine is processed by babies. This will be done from two small extra blood tests. The aim of the study is to help clinicians refine the identification and treatment of circulatory failure in babies with HIE.