View clinical trials related to Body Composition.
Filter by:The aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of the intervention measures of the "Maternal-Infant Exercise Program" to improve the postpartum women's body composition, stress, fatigue and parent-child attachment.
To assess the effect of wearing a custom-fitted, FDA-registered, Class I device, compression garment (Obesinov, S.A.R.L.) by an individual with a BMI ≥ 35 on his/her day-to-day quality of life over a period of one year. Various measures of quality of life will be taken, including assessing an individual's level of pain, mood, self-stigma and comfort with the use of a compression garment. Additionally, to assess the impact of the compression garment on activity, strength, posture and movement of an individual with a BMI ≥35 over the period of one year.
Nutritional interventions witch stimulate the rate of muscle protein synthesis are relevant for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at attenuating the loss of mass and muscle strength related to aging (sarcopenia). To aim of the study is to investigate the effect of protein supplementation on body composition, muscle activity, muscle strength and plasma concentration of inflammatory biomarkers of elderly with type II diabetic, submitted to 12 weeks of resistance training. This is an interventional, controlled, randomized, double-blind study. The population of the present study will be composed of 40 men with type 2 diabetes aged between 70 and 74 years, whose body mass index (BMI) should be between 22 and 32 kg / m2. It will be composed of patients from the Diabetes Outpatient Clinic of the Endocrinology Department at the Medical School of the University of São Paulo. Elderly subjects will be randomized into two groups (n = 20) who will undergo resistance training for 12 weeks, twice a week, and receive protein or placebo supplementation. Exercises will be performed for the large muscle groups: pectoral press, paddling, leg-press, extensor chair, gastrocnemius plantar flexions and abdominal crunches. Protein supplementation will be performed immediately after strength training by ingestion of 20 g of whey protein diluted in water. Also, immediately after training the placebo group will receive 20 g of maltodextrin diluted in water. All participants will be instructed to ingest 1.0 to 1.2 g of protein / kg of body weight per day. 24-hour food recall and food frequency questionnaires will be performed throughout the study. The following evaluations (before and after 12 weeks training) will be applied: Anthropometric: body mass, height, BMI and hip waist ratio. Functional evaluation through isokinetic dynamometry of knee extensors and flexors and a maximal repetition (1RM). Evaluation of body composition through Bioimpedance balance. Evaluation of food intake will be obtained by means of a 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire. All the evaluations will performed after 6 months. The training sessions will have a frequency of twice a week for 12 weeks. Eight exercises will be performed for the main muscle groups. In each exercise, 3 sets will be performed between 8 and 12 repetitions. The intensity should be between 7 - 8 and will be monitored according to Subjective Effort Perception using a scale of 0 to 10.
The purpose of the study is to assess precision of the GE Lunar iDXA, Hologic Horizon W DXA scanner, and the Stratec peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) scanner. Aim 1: To assess standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of testing bone mineral, bone geometry, and soft tissues in inanimate objects and adults. Tests on adults will be structured to assess: 1. Within- and between-day variability of testing 2. Within- and between-technician variability of testing 3. Variability due to positioning and post-scan processing 4. Variability due to different DXA scanning equipment Aim 2: To assess the least significant change (LSC) for testing bone mineral and soft tissues in adults. Aim 3: To assess strengths and limitations of DXA and pQCT testing, including sensitivity to movement, rate of re-rescanning, etc. which are crucial components for demonstrating feasibility in grant applications. Aim 4: To construct a database of DXA and pQCT test results and quality control procedures, showing our laboratory's quality control level.
Chronic kidney disease patients with sarcopenic obesity are noted to have impairment in physical performance and reducing their quality of life, and the investigators also founded these patients are at higher risk of mortality. Thus, the investigators hypothesize that oral nutrition intervention could increase lean tissue mass in these patients and improve the clinical outcomes.
In this study, the investigators will examine the effect of therapy with the Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH) analog tesamorelin on body composition in patients with HIV lipodystrophy and central adiposity. This study is a single arm prospective study of tesamorelin therapy of patients with HIV lipodystrophy. Subjects will do body composition testing, adipose tissue biopsy, metabolic rate measurements and insulin sensitivity assessment before, 6 and 12 months after daily injections of tesamorelin 2 mg by subcutaneous injection.
Feeding optimization and nutritional assessment in patients with severe heart failure are challenging. The prevalence of cardiac cachexia may be underestimated by simple measurements of body weight and body mass index because many patients show relative reductions in muscle mass despite being of normal overall weight. Body composition measurement can be essential in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients to estimate sarcopenia. Chronic heart failure patients with cardiac cachexia have a mortality two to three times higher than noncachectic patients. Bedside body composition measurements can reveal developing cardiac cachexia hence can be useful in prevention.
A prospective long-term follow up of hemodialysis (HD) patients' outcome correlates with nutritional status and body composition. We will evaluate the body composition change among HD patients every three months with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The change of body composition will correlated with other clinical data including nutritional, inflammatory parameters and survival.
The purpose of this research is to evaluate different methods of measuring body composition (amount of fat, muscle, bone, and water in your body) and to determine relationships between body composition and other medical problems associated with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Growth is traditionally used as a prognostic measure after admission to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Quality of neonatal intensive care is one of the factors determining the health and quality of life for those that survive, with the principal objective of increasing disability-free survival. Nowadays, there is some researches showing us that these preterm babies present a different body composition when they achieve term age compared with babies birth at term and this condition could be putting these babies in risk to metabolic syndrome early in adult age. The majority of infants born between 24 and 29 weeks of gestational age fail to achieve the mean birth weight for fetuses of the same gestational age, and many weigh below the 10th percentile at hospital discharge. The focus of this study is the growth and body composition of very low birth weight infants growing in the extrauterine environment. The central question is, when they reach the corresponding term weight, is the body composition of newborns growing outside of the uterus different from that of infants growing in the intrauterine environment? The investigators are also trying to validate 3 different methods to research body composition: DXA, air-displacement plethysmography and electric bioimpedance.