View clinical trials related to Behavior.
Filter by:This study aims to assess the impact of multiple community-based behaviour change approaches on sanitation and hygiene behaviours in rural Malawi. Three different sub-districts (Traditional Authorities) in Chiradzulu District will be selected, each receiving a different combination of community-based interventions or will serve as controls. Eligible communities, households, and individuals will be randomly selected in each Traditional Authority and sanitation and hygiene behaviours assessed through self-report and direct observation after 1 year of intervention.
In this study, it was aimed to develop a reliable and valid scale to measure the self-care behaviors of women with endometriosis.
This study aims to understand how vitamin D (VD) affects human health. Typically, prisoners are low on vitamin D, as it is difficult to receive through diet, and is mostly obtained via exposure to the sun. The investigators predict that VD supplements could help improve overall mental well-being, as well as improve bone health. The investigators aim to recruit two groups of participants from a United Kingdom (UK) Prison, all of whom will participate via an informed consent process. The first group of prisoners will have chosen to take VD supplements, the second group will have chosen not to take VD supplements. At the start of the study, prisoners will have their bone density and blood VD levels tested. The investigators will also ask participants to complete a series of questionnaires to understand the state of mental well-being at the start of the study. Participants will be asked to complete a food diary to track dietary intake over the following week. Additionally, the investigators are interested in identifying what proportion of participants have a specific genetic makeup relating to their ability to metabolise VD, and participants will be asked to provide a saliva sample to test this. Every month following the start of the study, participants will be asked to complete the same questionnaires and food diary again. On the 3rd month, the investigators will again test the participants' bone density and blood levels of VD, to see whether supplementation has improved participant VD status. This study will run for a minimum of 3 months, up to a maximum of 6.
The Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) syndrome is common in high performance sports, and it impairs athletes' performance and health. The condition is caused by low energy availability (LEA). This means that the body does not have enough energy, after fuelling exercise, to support normal body functions. LEA weakens the structure of bone tissue and increases the risk of bone injuries, lowers your immune function, and increases risk of illnesses, lowers your metabolism, reduces reproductive hormones, and impairs muscle function. More people are investigating the use of nutrition education programs and individualized nutrition support to improve nutrition knowledge and eating habits in elite athletes. Because the results from available studies look promising, more professionals are examining the effectiveness of different nutrition intervention strategies to improve energy and nutrient intake in athletes. At this point, we do not know if athletes who have higher nutrition knowledge have better eating habits to lower the risk of LEA. Moreover, we do not know what nutrition interventions are useful to improve food intake in athletes who do not eat enough calories for exercise. With this study we hope to learn if individualized counselling in sport nutrition is associated with changes in eating habits and sport nutrition knowledge in elite athletes to enhance energy availability. It will also teach us if other factors are important to consider when relying on individualized sport nutrition counselling to lower the risk of LEA. Main Aim: Investigate the differences in individualized nutrition counselling characteristics, sport nutrition knowledge and self-reported body weight and shape concerns between high and low eating behaviour change responders among tier 4 and 5 elite athletes. Hypothesis: It is hypothesized that self-reported body weight and shape concerns will be negatively associated, and nutrition knowledge will be positively associated with changes in energy and carbohydrate intake in athletes receiving individualized nutrition counselling for 12 weeks.
The goal of this project is to prevent unnecessary deaths due to cervical cancer in Senegal. This mixed methods research responds to identified intrapersonal- and community-level barriers to early cervical cancer screening uptake, follow-up, and treatment among women there. Investigators will apply the Dynamic Adaptation Process1 (DAP) as integrated into the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment (EPIS) framework1 to study the adaptation of an evidence-based cervical cancer patient navigation program in urban and rural contexts in Senegal, measure the intervention effectiveness, and evaluate programmatic implementation outcomes. By studying the process of adaptation of a patient navigation program in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC), investigators will build new knowledge while addressing an important public health issue. Our project demonstrates innovation by advancing both adaptation and implementation process knowledge of an evidence-based patient navigation intervention in various contexts within a LMIC with a particular focus on how the adaptation responds to cancer-related stigma, misinformation, and women's autonomy in healthcare decision-making. Investigators will build knowledge through local learning which will further our long-term goal to inform the national cervical cancer prevention and control programs in two areas of Senegal and other similar LMICs.
The overall objective of this proposal is to evaluate the feasibility of a comprehensive digital atrial fibrillation (AFib) management tool that will empower patients to a) take an active role in learning about AFib management options, starting and adhering to evidence-based therapies and lifestyle changes and b) to guide the patients during AFib episodes which are associated with anxiety and impairment in quality of life. Researchers plan to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of this novel digital toolkit in improving quality of life and decreasing AFib burden in a pilot randomized clinical trial (RCT).
This cluster randomized controlled trial will evaluate a community-based bicycle safety education program with and without an in-person parent training component. The investigators will recruit 180 early adolescent bicyclists (ages 9 to 12) and a parent/guardian from local neighborhood centers after school and summer programs, where the investigators have conducted preliminary studies. Randomization into the three study groups will occur at the site-level. Adolescent bicycles in all study group sites will be equipped with Pedal Portal, an innovative bicycle-mounted GPS/video system developed by the research team to objectively observe bicycling risk exposure and behaviors while bicycling. System data will be coded to measure bicycling exposure (hours, miles traveled, routes) and the types and rates of safety-relevant events (near crashes, crashes), and safety-relevant behaviors (e.g., following traffic rules, scanning for traffic at intersections). This will be the first randomized trial to use GPS and video technology to evaluate the effectiveness of a youth bicycle safety intervention in changing behavior. The control group will not receive any bicycle safety education programming. Participants in the first intervention group (Bike Club) will receive a 12-hour bicycle safety education program. Participants in the second intervention group (Bike Club Plus) will receive an enhanced version of the 12-hour bicycle safety education program which will include a parent training session on bicycling safety best practices, child development as it relates to bicycling, strategies for practice at home, and feedback on their adolescent's bicycling performance. The investigators' main hypotheses are that adolescents who receive the bicycle safety intervention will have increased safety behaviors (e.g., helmet use, hazard recognition), reduced errors (e.g., riding against traffic, swerving/wobbling), and increased knowledge, perceptions, and self-efficacy compared to the control group; and adolescents whose parent receives the parent training will have even greater improvements in study outcomes than those whose parents do not receive the training. If successful, approaches from this study could be widely implemented to improve adolescent bicycling safety.
The purpose of this study is to investigate neurocognitive mechanisms underlying response to intervention aimed at enhancing, and remediating weaknesses in, numerical skills in children, including those with mathematical learning disabilities (MLD).
This topic speculates that there is an interaction between family environment and anesthetic drug exposure on children's behavior. Different family environments have different response to anesthetic drug exposure. Children living in a specific family environment may be more susceptible to the effects of anesthetic drugs. People who are susceptible to exposure to narcotic drugs. In order to clarify this hypothesis and discover specific family environment factors that interact with anesthetic drug exposure, this project intends to establish a retrospective cohort study, through hierarchical analysis and other means, to clarify the behavioral changes of children in different family environments after exposure to anesthetic drugs. Provide theoretical support for the safe application of clinical children's anesthetics.
Mistreatment, discrimination, and poor psycho-social support during childbirth at health facilities are common in lower- and middle-income countries. Despite a policy directive from the World Health Organisation (WHO), no operational model exists that effectively demonstrates incorporation of these guidelines in routine facility-based maternity services. This early-phase implementation research aims to develop, implement, and test the feasibility of a service-delivery strategy to promote the culture of supportive and dignified maternity care (SDMC) at public health facilities. Guided by human-centred design approach, the implementation of this study will be divided into two phases: development of intervention, and implementing and testing feasibility. The service-delivery intervention will be co-created along with relevant stakeholders and informed by contextual evidence that is generated through formative research. It will include capacity-building of maternity teams, and the improvement of governance and accountability mechanisms within public health facilities. The technical content will be primarily based on WHO's intrapartum care guidelines and mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) materials. A mixed-method, pre-post design will be used for feasibility assessment. The intervention will be implemented at six secondary-level healthcare facilities in two districts of southern Sindh, Pakistan. Data from multiple sources will be collected before, during and after the implementation of the intervention. We will assess the coverage of the intervention, understanding and attitude of maternity team, and implementation challenges faced. Additionally, we will also gather women's maternity experiences and psycho-social well-being that will also inform the success of the intervention. Evidence from this implementation research will enhance understanding of health systems challenges and opportunities around SDMC. A key output from this research will be the SDMC service-delivery package, comprising a comprehensive training package (on inclusive, supportive and dignified maternity care) and a field-tested strategy to ensure implementation of recommended practices in routine, facility-based maternity care. Adaptation, Implementation and evaluation of SDMC package in diverse setting will be way forward.