The Effects of Making Pregnant Women With Preterm Birth Threat Watch Nature Images With Virtual Reality Goggles on the Levels of Stress, Anxiety, Attachment, and Care Satisfaction

Anxiety Clinical Trial

Official title:

The Effects of Making Pregnant Women With Preterm Birth Threat Watch Nature Images With Virtual Reality Goggles on the Levels of Stress, Anxiety, Attachment, and Care Satisfaction

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT05352503
• Other study ID #: SU12345
• Status: Completed
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: April 5, 2022
• Est. completion date: September 25, 2022

Study information

• Verified date: September 2022
• Source: Selcuk University
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Virtual reality application, which is a non-pharmacological method, is used for different purposes in many different fields. One of the areas where virtual reality application is used is health services. Its use in the field of obstetrics is new. Virtual reality application is often in pregnancy; it is used to reduce pain, stress and anxiety levels, exercise training and train pregnant women to effectively manage their pain during childbirth. Although pregnancy is a normal physiological process, adverse situations may occur that can make every pregnancy risky. Threatened premature birth, which is called the onset of uterine contractions without cervical changes between the 20th and 37th weeks of pregnancy, is also among these risk groups. Pregnant women diagnosed with the threat of premature birth are usually treated by hospitalization. Psychological problems such as stress, fear and anxiety may develop in pregnant women who are on bed rest in the hospital. In these pregnant women, mother-infant attachment may also be adversely affected. Pregnant women who are hospitalized and taken to bed rest due to risky pregnancy need to be informed and supported by health personnel. The midwife's spending enough time with the pregnant woman, keeping in touch and meeting her needs increase satisfaction in terms of care. When the literature was examined, it was determined that pregnant women were satisfied with the virtual reality application and thus increased care satisfaction.

Description:

Virtual reality application, which is a non-pharmacological method, is used for different purposes in many different fields. One of the areas where virtual reality application is used is health services. Its use in the field of obstetrics is new. Virtual reality application is often in pregnancy; it is used to reduce pain, stress and anxiety levels, exercise training and train pregnant women to effectively manage their pain during childbirth. Although pregnancy is a normal physiological process, adverse situations may occur that can make every pregnancy risky. Threatened premature birth, which is called the onset of uterine contractions without cervical changes between the 20th and 37th weeks of pregnancy, is also among these risk groups. Pregnant women diagnosed with the threat of premature birth are usually treated by hospitalization. Psychological problems such as stress, fear and anxiety may develop in pregnant women who are on bed rest in the hospital. In these pregnant women, mother-infant attachment may also be adversely affected. Pregnant women who are hospitalized and taken to bed rest due to risky pregnancy need to be informed and supported by health personnel. The midwife's spending enough time with the pregnant woman, keeping in touch and meeting her needs increase satisfaction in terms of care. When the literature was examined, it was determined that pregnant women were satisfied with the virtual reality application and thus increased care satisfaction. In the literature, there is no study using virtual reality glasses in pregnant women diagnosed with preterm birth threat. For this reason, this study was planned to determine the effect of watching nature images with virtual reality glasses on the level of stress, anxiety, attachment and care satisfaction to pregnant women diagnosed with preterm birth threat.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Completed
• Enrollment: 126
• Est. completion date: September 25, 2022
• Est. primary completion date: July 20, 2022
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• who are in the age group of 18 and over,
• Able to speak Turkish and express himself in Turkish,
• Not visually or hearing impaired,
• Diagnosed with the threat of premature birth,
• Between 24-37 weeks of gestation,
• Primiparous,
• Single pregnancy,
• Open to communication, spiritually and mentally healthy,
• Pregnant women who are married and living with their spouses.

Exclusion Criteria:

• In addition to the diagnosis of threat of preterm birth, other diagnoses (preeclampsia, fetal distress, premature rupture of membranes, gestational diabetes, bleeding, etc.)
• Having a chronic disease
• Women who are pregnant by assisted reproductive techniques.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Anxiety
• Anxiety Disorders
• Pleasure
• Premature Birth
• Preterm Birth
• Psychological Stress
• Stress, Psychological
• Virtual Reality

Intervention

Device:
• Watching videos with nature images accompanied by nature sounds with virtual reality glasses
The video with nature images accompanied by the sounds of nature with virtual reality glasses will be watched 3 times a day for at least 5 minutes for 2 days.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Turkey	Selcuk University Faculty of Health Sciences	Konya

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Selcuk University

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Turkey, 

References & Publications (9)

Frey DP, Bauer ME, Bell CL, Low LK, Hassett AL, Cassidy RB, Boyer KD, Sharar SR. Virtual Reality Analgesia in Labor: The VRAIL Pilot Study-A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial Suggesting Benefit of Immersive Virtual Reality Analgesia in Unmedicated Laboring Women. Anesth Analg. 2019 Jun;128(6):e93-e96. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0000000000003649. — View Citation

García-Blanco A, Diago V, Serrano De La Cruz V, Hervás D, Cháfer-Pericás C, Vento M. Can stress biomarkers predict preterm birth in women with threatened preterm labor? Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017 Sep;83:19-24. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.05.021. Epub 2017 May 25. — View Citation

Glover V. Maternal depression, anxiety and stress during pregnancy and child outcome; what needs to be done. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2014 Jan;28(1):25-35. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2013.08.017. Epub 2013 Sep 18. Review. — View Citation

Goldenberg RL, Culhane JF, Iams JD, Romero R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet. 2008 Jan 5;371(9606):75-84. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4. Review. — View Citation

Grigoriadis S, Graves L, Peer M, Mamisashvili L, Tomlinson G, Vigod SN, Dennis CL, Steiner M, Brown C, Cheung A, Dawson H, Rector NA, Guenette M, Richter M. Maternal Anxiety During Pregnancy and the Association With Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2018 Sep 4;79(5). pii: 17r12011. doi: 10.4088/JCP.17r12011. — View Citation

Gür EY, Apay SE. The effect of cognitive behavioral techniques using virtual reality on birth pain: a randomized controlled trial. Midwifery. 2020 Dec;91:102856. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102856. Epub 2020 Sep 28. — View Citation

Hajesmaeel-Gohari S, Sarpourian F, Shafiei E. Virtual reality applications to assist pregnant women: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2021 Mar 25;21(1):249. doi: 10.1186/s12884-021-03725-5. — View Citation

Hoyer J, Wieder G, Höfler M, Krause L, Wittchen HU, Martini J. Do lifetime anxiety disorders (anxiety liability) and pregnancy-related anxiety predict complications during pregnancy and delivery? Early Hum Dev. 2020 May;144:105022. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105022. Epub 2020 Mar 25. — View Citation

Lilliecreutz C, Larén J, Sydsjö G, Josefsson A. Effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on the risk for preterm birth. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016 Jan 15;16:5. doi: 10.1186/s12884-015-0775-x. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21)	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21); It was created as an abbreviation of DASS-42 developed by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) (Lovibond and Lovibond 1995). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Sariçam in 2018. Scale "Depression (3rd, 5th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 17th, 21st)", "Anxiety (2nd, 4th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 19th, 20.)" and "Stress (1st, 6th, 8th, 11th, 12th, 14th, 18th)" and 21 questions. Items in the scale; 4-point Likert-type scoring ranging from ''(0) never', ''(1) sometimes and sometimes'', ''(2) quite often'' and ''(3) always'' evaluated over. A minimum of 0 and a maximum of 21 points can be obtained from each sub-dimension. The higher the score, the higher the level of depression, anxiety and stress (Sariçam 2018). In this study, the 'stress sub-dimension' of the DASS-21 scale will be used	first day
Primary	State Anxiety Scale	It was developed by Spielberger et al. in 1970 (Spielberger et al. 1970). Its adaptation to Turkish society, validity and reliability were done by Öner and Le Compte in 1985. The State Anxiety Scale consists of 20 items. The items expressing the emotions and behaviors in the scales vary in 4 levels as "(1) Not at all", "(2) A little", "(3) A lot" and "(4) Completely". It is evaluated on a 5-point Likert-type scoring system. A high score indicates a high level of anxiety. A score of six or less indicates no anxiety, 37-42 indicates mild anxiety, and a score of 43 and above indicates high anxiety (Öner and Le Compte 1985).	first day
Primary	The Prenatal Attachment Inventory	Prenatal Attachment Inventory; It is a 21-item scale developed by Mary Muller in 1993 to explain the feelings, thoughts and situations experienced by women during pregnancy and to determine the level of attachment to the fetus during the prenatal period (Muller 1993). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was carried out by Yilmaz and Beji in 2009. Participants scored each item on a 4-point Likert-type rating scale as "(1) Never", "(2) Sometimes", "(3) Often", "(4) Always". evaluates over. A minimum of 21 and a maximum of 84 points can be obtained from the scale. As the score obtained by the pregnant increases, the level of attachment increases. The applicability of the scale for pregnant women at 20 weeks of gestation and above was found to be reliable and valid. Yilmaz and Beji found the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient as 0.84 in the internal consistency analysis of the scale (Yilmaz and Beji 3013).	first day
Secondary	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21)	Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21); It was created as an abbreviation of DASS-42 developed by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) (Lovibond and Lovibond 1995). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was conducted by Sariçam in 2018. Scale "Depression (3rd, 5th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 17th, 21st)", "Anxiety (2nd, 4th, 7th, 9th, 15th, 19th, 20.)" and "Stress (1st, 6th, 8th, 11th, 12th, 14th, 18th)" and 21 questions. Items in the scale; 4-point Likert-type scoring ranging from ''(0) never', ''(1) sometimes and sometimes'', ''(2) quite often'' and ''(3) always'' evaluated over. A minimum of 0 and a maximum of 21 points can be obtained from each sub-dimension. The higher the score, the higher the level of depression, anxiety and stress (Sariçam 2018). In this study, the 'stress sub-dimension' of the DASS-21 scale will be used	second day
Secondary	State Anxiety Scale	It was developed by Spielberger et al. in 1970 (Spielberger et al. 1970). Its adaptation to Turkish society, validity and reliability were done by Öner and Le Compte in 1985. The State Anxiety Scale consists of 20 items. The items expressing the emotions and behaviors in the scales vary in 4 levels as "(1) Not at all", "(2) A little", "(3) A lot" and "(4) Completely". It is evaluated on a 5-point Likert-type scoring system. A high score indicates a high level of anxiety. A score of six or less indicates no anxiety, 37-42 indicates mild anxiety, and a score of 43 and above indicates high anxiety (Öner and Le Compte 1985).	second day
Secondary	The Prenatal Attachment Inventory	Prenatal Attachment Inventory; It is a 21-item scale developed by Mary Muller in 1993 to explain the feelings, thoughts and situations experienced by women during pregnancy and to determine the level of attachment to the fetus during the prenatal period (Muller 1993). The Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale was carried out by Yilmaz and Beji in 2009. Participants scored each item on a 4-point Likert-type rating scale as "(1) Never", "(2) Sometimes", "(3) Often", "(4) Always". evaluates over. A minimum of 21 and a maximum of 84 points can be obtained from the scale. As the score obtained by the pregnant increases, the level of attachment increases. The applicability of the scale for pregnant women at 20 weeks of gestation and above was found to be reliable and valid. Yilmaz and Beji found the Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient as 0.84 in the internal consistency analysis of the scale (Yilmaz and Beji 3013	second day
Secondary	Virtual Reality Glasses (SGG) Application Satisfaction Level Information Form	This form was prepared by the researchers to determine the level of satisfaction of the pregnant women in the intervention group from the video watched with virtual reality glasses.	second day