View clinical trials related to Anal Cancer.
Filter by:This is an open-label, multicenter, multiple-ascending dose, FIH, Phase 1 study of RTX-321 for the treatment of patients that are HLA-A*02:01 positive with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic, unresectable, HPV 16+ cancers.
This study evaluates the use of ABI-1968, a topical cream, in the treatment of anal precancerous lesions in adults with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
Local excision for early rectal cancer has proven its feasibility and oncological safety. Indeed, lymph node invasion does not exceed 1% and 10% in pT1sm1 and pT1sm2 rectal carcinomas respectively. Two procedures are currently performed in these early cancers as well as in preneoplastic lesions. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), which has proven its superiority over traditional transanal excision, is a surgical approach associated with a 92% R0 excision rate, a survival comparable to radical anterior resection and a low morbidity. It consists of a full-thickness excision. The second procedure is a recently introduced technique: the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which encompasses only the mucosa and submucosa. ESD enables endoscopists to achieve higher en bloc resection rates than standard mucosectomy and is associated with a 88% R0 resection rate, which decreases to 65% in the subgroup of European series. Though very promising, the role of ESD remains controversial in malignant lesions with few published reports. There are therefore 2 different techniques with 2 different dissections (full-thickness vs. submucosal) to achieve the same oncological treatment. So far, only one retrospective single-center study including 63 patients has compared TEM and ESD in early rectal cancer without finding any difference between the 2 procedures, and there are no other available studies comparing TEM and ESD for any type of colorectal tumor. The aim of the present research is to compare ESD with TEM for early rectal cancer and rectal adenomas for short- and long-term outcomes.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Infection by certain high-risk oncogenic types of HPV (HR-HPV) is the major cause of several cancers in men, notably squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal. Rates of anal infection with these HR-HPV strains and the resultant high-grade anal dysplasia and anal cancer are much higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) than in the general population. Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) further amplifies this burden, making the rates of anal SCC in HIV-positive MSM higher than the historic rates of cervical cancer prior to the adoption of routine cervical cytology screening. Despite these alarming statistics, there are no established protocols for optimal screening and treatment of anal HPV and cancer precursors, nor has there been any widespread rollout of organized screening programs anywhere in Canada. Further, not only does HPV directly cause significant disease in these men, but there is growing epidemiologic evidence that HPV infection may enhance sexual transmission of HIV. These significant knowledge gaps translate into fundamental deficiencies in care for HIV-positive MSM. The HPV Screening and Vaccine Evaluation in MSM (HPV-SAVE) study team will recruit a large group of MSM from various Ontario and Vancouver clinics, in order to carry out a number of different studies. The HPV-SAVE team brings together community and internationally-recognized experts in HPV and HIV disease and mucosal immunology, to better define the optimal approaches for primary and secondary prevention and treatment of HPV-associated anal disease among HIV-positive MSM, and to explore biological mechanistic evidence regarding the potential role of HPV as a co-factor for HIV transmission. This will yield critical information which can lead to improvement in the health of MSM, and will provide a foundation on which to build further, large-scale screening and treatment trials on a national level. The primary aim of the current study is to systematically compare ablative therapy versus intensive observation alone (also known as 'watchful waiting') in outcomes relating to high-grade anal dysplasia.
The main purpose of this study is to study the safety and effectiveness of ADXS11-001 when combined with standard chemotherapy and radiation treatment for anal cancer. ADXS11-001 is an investigational agent that is not approved by the FDA to treat anal cancer or any other cancer.
Background: - Radiation and chemotherapy treatments for anal cancer can cause irritation of the skin that can lead to redness and tenderness, and in some cases can be so severe that it results in blistering or peeling of the skin during treatment. These conditions cause discomfort and may require breaks from radiation treatment. Researchers are interested in determining whether MTS-01, a drug that protects cells and tissues from the effects of radiation, can be given before radiation treatment to prevent these side effects and reduce the irritation of the skin during chemotherapy and radiation for anal cancer. Objectives: - To determine the safety and effectiveness of topical MTS-01 given before radiation in the groin and gluteal cleft of patients receiving combined radiation and chemotherapy for anal cancer. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with cancer of the anal canal and are eligible to receive radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical examination, medical history, blood tests, imaging studies and physical examination of the anal canal, and biopsies as needed to evaluate eligibility for treatment. - Participants will be scheduled for radiation and chemotherapy treatments on the following schedule: - Radiation given 5 days per week for 6 weeks, with topical MTS-01 treatment on the skin in the groin areas and between the buttocks before each treatment - Mitomycin C given intravenously on days 1 and 29 of treatment - 5-Fluorouracil given intravenously over 4 days (first week and fifth week) during radiation treatment - Participants will be monitored throughout the treatment for side effects, with photographs of the treatment area and frequent blood tests. - Following the end of radiation, participants will have followup visits for 1 year with blood tests and imaging studies to evaluate the response to treatment.
RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as fluorouracil and cisplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some block the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Others find tumor cells and help kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Giving radiation therapy together with combination chemotherapy and cetuximab may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying giving radiation therapy together with cisplatin, fluorouracil, and cetuximab to see how well it works in treating patients with locally advanced anal cancer.
RATIONALE: Palonosetron hydrochloride may prevent nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy. It is not yet known whether palonosetron hydrochloride is more effective than a placebo in preventing nausea and vomiting. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying the side effects of palonosetron hydrochloride and to see how well it works in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy in patients with primary abdominal cancer.
RATIONALE: Gathering information from patients who received treatment for metastatic cancer while participating in a phase II or phase III randomized clinical trial and from patients receiving standard treatment off-trial may help doctors learn more about the psychological and emotional results of being in a clinical trial. PURPOSE: This clinical trial is comparing the psychological and emotional impact of participating in a randomized clinical trial with the impact of standard treatment in patients with metastatic cancer.
To determine whether biomarkers assessed in blood samples can be used to detect individuals at risk for developing blood clots or worsening of their underlying disease. The ultimate goal of the study is to identify key biomarkers derived from blood that are most characteristic and informative of individuals who will go on to develop a clotting complication.