View clinical trials related to Adiposity.
Filter by:In this prospective randomized controlled multi center trial the investigators stratify "Very Low Birthweight " (VLBW)-infants with growth retardation in small for gestational age (SGA) or intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) - infants and aim to investigate the impact of a nutritional management with enhanced nutrients from discharge up to the 52nd week of postconceptional age on growth, body composition, metabolic programming, metabolomics, microbiome and long term neurodevelopmental outcome. In this study, the investigators will evaluate the difference in metabolic profiles of SGA and IUGR preterm infants. The investigators will further longitudinally assess, how different nutritional interventions affect the altered pathways in the first year of life and identify, in combination with data available from metabolic markers, microbiome and breast milk analysis, potential pathways resulting in increased disease risk later in life.
The goals of this study are to 1) examine the relationships among inflammation, obesity, and asthma in people with HIV and 2) to test if special subtypes of cells or markers are present in the blood and lungs of people with HIV with asthma compared to those without asthma.
In this Austrian observational study preterm infants born with a birth weight <1500 g and a gestational age <32 weeks will be investigated at the neonatal outpatient clinic. Infants will be stratified according their feeding regimen (breast, formula and combined feeding) and their introduction of solid foods (early complementary feeding group: <17th week of life corrected for prematurity, late complementary feeding group: ≥17th week of life corrected for prematurity). Nutrient intakes and anthropometric parameters will be assessed at term, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months - all corrected for prematurity and with 40, 54 and 66 months.
Role of IL-1 in postprandial fatigue - The Chäschüechli 2 Study It is a randomized, single dose, placebo-controlled, double blind, cross-over, proof-of-concept study. 16 healthy young men will be included in this study. The objective of this study is to evaluate if severity of postprandial fatigue is driven by IL-1. Since fatigue is associated with increased cytokine levels, and since fatigue in chronic inflammatory settings, such as type 2 diabetes, can be reduced by inhibition of IL-1β, postprandial fatigue might also respond to anti-inflammatory intervention with IL-1 inhibition. The aim of the study is to investigate whether postprandial fatigue is, at least in part, driven by the IL-1 system.
Aim: Exercise training improves the risk of cardiometabolic diseases; yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Exercise induces release of IL-6 from skeletal muscle. Acute elevations in IL-6 improve lipid and glucose metabolism, the latter partly through a delayed gastric emptying. Physical inactivity causes accumulation of visceral fat (VAT). Visceral and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is more inflamed than subcutaneous adipose tissue. Thus, the investigators hypothesize that exercise-induced IL-6 mediates the exercise-induced reduction in EAT and VAT. Secondly, the investigators hypothesize that exercise-induced adaptations in glucose metabolism and gastric motility are dependent on IL-6. Finally the investigators hypothesise that both endurance and resistance exercise training reduce VAT and EAT. Primary aim: To investigate the effects of exercise training on VAT and to determine to what extend IL-6 mediates this effect. Secondary aims: 1) To determine whether 12 weeks of endurance and strength training can reduce the amount of EAT. 2) To study whether the effects of exercise on glucose metabolism and gastric emptying are dependent on IL-6. Methods: Inclusion: 70 inactive men and women, >18 years, waist to height ratio > 0.5 and/or waist circumference ≥ 88 cm (women); waist circumference ≥ 102 cm (men) Design: A 12-week, double-blinded randomised, placebo-controlled exercise intervention study. Intervention: Subjects will be randomised to one of five groups: i) Tocilizumab (IL-6 receptor antibody) and endurance training, ii) Placebo to Tocilizumab and endurance training, iii) Tocilizumab, no exercise iv) Placebo to Tocilizumab and no training, and v) Placebo to Tocilizumab, and resistance training. Tocilizumab/placebo dose will be administered (according to standard recommendations) before the first training session, and maintained during the 12-week training program. Training will be supervised to ensure intensity and compliance. Subjects will be instructed not to change eating habits and informed that this study does not aim for a weight loss. Statistical considerations: Study investigators are blinded to treatment allocation. Dropouts will be replaced. A sample size of 70 subjects is needed to detect a 10% change in visceral adipose, with a power of 80% and a significance level of 0.05.
This study evaluates the influence of early adiposity rebound, genetic polymorphisms and GnRHa treatment on long-term outcome of girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty.
This study will focus on a population of antipsychotic (AP) naïve adolescents and young adults and will measure fat accumulation in relation to exposure to atypical antipsychotic medications.
This randomized controlled trial assesses the efficacy of a 6-week, dissonance-based, weight-gain prevention program (Fit4Duty) designed to reduce unhealthy weight gain among military service members at-risk for obesity. The Fit4Duty program is an adaptation for the military of an existing civilian obesity prevention program, Project Health, which reduced obesity onset by 50% in healthy civilian young adults. Fit4Duty is compared to a nutrition education control condition and is hypothesized to reduce excess weight gain beyond the control comparison program during the 2 year period following study participation.
Peanuts and tree nuts (almonds, pistachios, walnuts, pecans, pine nuts, Brazil nuts, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamia nuts) (herein referred to as "nuts") are a good source of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable protein, fibre, and polyphenolics. Nut intake has been associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk and claims for this association have been permitted by the FDA; however, intake of tree nuts is low in Canada. One of the barriers to increasing the consumption of nuts is the perception that they may contribute to weight gain more than other "healthy foods" owing to their high energy density. The evidence supporting this concern, however, is lacking. In a series of earlier systematic reviews and meta-analyses, we have shown that nuts improve glycemic control and metabolic syndrome criteria, findings which run contrary to any expected weight gain. However, it remains unclear whether nuts have an increasing, neutral, or even decreasing effect on body weight. To address the uncertainties, the investigators propose to conduct a series of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the totality of the evidence from randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies to investigate the effect of nut consumption on body weight and adiposity. The findings generated by this proposed knowledge synthesis will help improve the health of consumers through informing evidence-based guidelines and improving health outcomes by educating healthcare providers and patients, stimulating industry innovation, and guiding future research design
We aim to delineate the effects of separate and combined infusion of GIP and GLP-1 on food intake, appetite, bone health and fat metabolism in overweight/obese subjects.